Foreword: The
Sixth Army will not be helpless, and die before turning to crescent horses. The earth-shattering change more than 1,200 years ago not only caused the loss of Tang Xuanzong Li Longji and his beloved beauty Yang Yuhuan, but also the eight-year-long "Anshi Rebellion" that also lost a large number of people in the Tang Dynasty. The power of the DPRK turned downside, and it became a "watershed" from prosperity to decline. When later generations talked about the "Anshi Rebellion," they would first scold An Lushan and Shi Siming for harming the world, and then scold Li Long for genetic beauty and abandon the country. Netizens who have a deeper understanding of history will also analyze the Tang behind this. The hidden dangers of Chaofan Town. So some people say that the "An-Shi Rebellion" happened because of the large number of non-human beings in the army and the country of the Tang Dynasty. Their wolfish ambitions were to overthrow the Li Tang regime and replace it. But the real reason for this 8-year war In fact, it was not just because the Huren were in Tang.
"Anshi Rebellion" of the Tang Dynasty
On December 16, 755 AD, Hedong, Pinglu, Fanyang Tripartite Jiedu Envoy Anlushan, "showdown" to the godfather, "showdown" an army of 200,000, brazenly under the banner of crusade against Yang Guozhong Reversed. The Anlu Mountain part was invincible wherever it went, and it occupied the land of Hebei in a short time. Until Anlu Mountain hit Taiyuan, "Silly White Sweet" Li Longji still didn't believe that Anlu Mountain, a "filial son" would take it. Kill the godfather with a knife. But the fact is that Li Longji did not accept it. He invited the "dog's head soldier" Yang Guozhong to discuss countermeasures. Under the "assist" of the "big clever" Yang Guozhong, An Lushan broke Luoyang City within half a month. Bingfeng pointed directly at the imperial capital Chang'an. However, Chang'an has the natural dangers of Tongguan as a barrier, Gao Xianzhi and Feng Changqing firmly guarded Tongguan, making Anlushan soldiers unable to attack for a long time, and there is a tendency to retreat.
And Li Longji jumped out in time to "die". He listened to the slander and put Gao Xianzhi and Feng Changqing to death. Then he encouraged the new handsome Shu Han to take the initiative to attack. The brother Shu Han knew that going out of the city was a dead end, but the king’s fate cannot be violated and he has no choice but to lead the army. In the battle, the result can be imagined. Tang Jun was killed and defeated, and Ge Shuhan himself became a prisoner of the rebels. After the fall of Tongguan, the imperial capital Chang'an City was in danger. Li Longji took the ministers and relatives and relatives to escape in a hurry. At Maweipo, the sergeants couldn't bear it and forced Li Longji to kill Yang Guifei and Yang Guozhong. Crown Prince Li Heng also took the opportunity to succeed, and then used Li Guangbi and Guo Ziyi as the commanders, and finally defeated the An Lushan and Shi Siming rebels, regained the lost ground and restored the two capitals of Luoyang, Changan, and finally ended the war in 763 AD.
The hidden dangers of the Tang dynasty controlled by outsiders: The outbreak of the "Anshi Rebellion" in the town of
was due to Li Longji and Yang Guozhong’s “sao operation”. On the surface, it was still a war by outsiders attacking the Central Plains dynasty. Trained by Li Longji himself. The initiator An Lushan was born in the Western Regions. After he was a Turkic native, he gradually became the spokesperson of the Youzhou Warrior Group and the Hu People Tribe of Yingzhou Liucheng. At that time, the forces of the Tang dynasty's vassal town couldn't get rid of it, and it gave Anlu Mountain the foundation for making waves. A major feature of the Tang Dynasty’s military system was the establishment of the Dudu Mansion in important towns. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, the power of the local Jiedu Envoys was strengthened. Ten Jiedu Envoys were set up on the border, and they were called Fanzhen. Heavy troops, far away from the central court, have the right to start wars, and local finances have also been taken over by the ambassadors to solve the logistics needs of the garrison.
, who are both military power, financial power, and administrative power, can see that they are a huge hidden danger in the Tang Dynasty, but the basic people of Li Long don't take it seriously, confident that the Li family can't lose the world, and then support his godson Anlu Mountain, dominates the regional vassal power. In addition, the Tang Dynasty was a dynasty that was very tolerant to the outside world. Outsiders in the surrounding areas had close contacts with the Tang Dynasty. More importantly, a large number of outsiders were directly infiltrated like Anlushan under the environment where the Tang Dynasty pursued a vassal system. Tang Dynasty Army. In fact, the Tang Dynasty has a long history of using vassal generals as soldiers, and it has emerged as early as the early Tang Dynasty, but there is a big difference. In the early Tang Dynasty, the generals of the vassal soldiers were all members of the Central Plains, such as Li Jing, Su Dingfang, Hou Junji, and Li Daozong. In the period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, they began to appoint vassal generals, which fostered instability in the Tang Dynasty.
As expected, An Lushan mobilized Xi, Luo, Khitan, Shiwei and other Hu people, as well as his subordinate Tang Bing, to form a 200,000 army to "send regret medicine" to Li Longji. Many historians, such as Mr. Chen Yinke and Mr. Huang Yongnian, once said that the main force among the rebels in Anlu Mountain was these stubborn people. Therefore, many history lovers in later generations said that the Tang Dynasty broke out "An Shi Rebellion""The reason is that there are a large number of Hu people, and Li Longji deliberately "killed" to expand the influence of Jiedushi, accepting An Lushan as a godson, and giving him the right to make the brew. This is a shocking disaster. Although the Tang Dynasty vassal problem has always been a "big artillery battle" and will one day break out, the analysis of historical issues cannot be "one size fits all", especially large-scale rebellions such as the "Anshi Rebellion". People carry this "pot."
Central Plains among the Anlushan rebels
First of all, the main force of Anlushan's rebels is the Hu, but there are also many forces from the Central Plains. When the Anlushan rose up, Except for Yan Gaoqing, the prefect of Changshan, and Yan Zhenqing, the prefect of the plains, the other county guards in the land of Hebei all descended from the wind. Moreover, Anlu Mountain was quite hesitant in his heart before raising the army. Although he "thighs are thick enough," Rebellion is a matter of losing your head after all. In case of failure, you will lead the three places and make you happy. The reason why An Lushan finally rises up is largely due to the agitation of a person who is born. The solemn state of the Central Plains. When Anlushan was a Jiedu envoy of the three regions, he led his army to defeat the Khitans and stabilize the border defenses of the Tang Dynasty. At this time, although Anlushan had been operating in the north for many years, he had no courage to let him rise up. After Yang Guozhong came to power, he cleared the party feathers of the former minister Li Linfu. Many of the remaining forces fled to Anlushan. Including Yan Zhuang, Cui Qianzhen, Wu Lingxun, Xue Song and other people from the Central Plains, these people were in Anlushan. By my side, I did one thing all day: to instigate An Lushan to rebel.
They also assisted Anlushan in attacking the prefect of the Tang Dynasty, Cheng Qianli, and finally Cheng Qianli was killed by Yan Zhuang himself. Cui Qianzhen, a native of the Central Plains, was to help An Lushan was able to defeat Luoyang and Chang'an. In the crucial Tongguan First Battle, the commander of the rebels was also Cui Qianzheng, and his brother Shu Han, who was also from the Hu nationality, finally cast the enemy after he was captured alive by Cui Qianzheng. "Anshi Rebellion" is hard to say is a Huren, the war with the Central Plains, when Ge Shuhan defeated Tongguan, the Khitan-born Datang fierce general Li Guangbi was also defeated by Shi Siming in Changshan, and Shi Siming was also a Huren. The two outsiders fought hard for the sake of "white wealth and beauty" in the Tang Dynasty. If Li Guangbi could represent the Tang Dynasty and Shi Siming could represent the rebels, this war obviously cannot be regarded as a Tang Dynasty foreign war.
The Tang army domineering and oppressing surrounding outsiders
Of course, there were some internal contradictions in the Xuanzong period, but the reason was that the Tang people were domineering and actively oppressing outsiders. For example, when Xian Yu was appointed as the envoy of Jiannan Jiedu, Yunnan prefect Zhang Qiantuo detained Nanzhao people for no reason, and blackmailed the Nanzhao king. This completely angered the people of Nanzhao, and eventually sent troops to capture the Yunnan Duhu Mansion and killed Zhang Qiantuo. Xian Yutong heard that he was furious, and immediately sent his troops to attack Nanzhao. King Nanzhao’s seeing Jiedu made the adults agitate and was immediately scared. Said the ministers to return all the land they had occupied, and promised not to "make troubles." However, those who were beaten by the Nanzhao people were stunned by Xian Yutong and couldn't hold back their face. They refused to accept the Nanzhao people's begging for mercy and insisted on teaching them a lesson. Forcing Nanzhao State to embrace After the "thighs" of Tubo, the 60,000 troops that were rarely known to others were all lost in this war. The prefect of Yunnan is the first to "snatch" those who are inferior. In fact, Nanzhao cannot be blamed for the responsibility of this war.
The same thing happened in the Western Regions. After Gao Xianzhi's first part broke through the Stone Kingdom, it humiliated the local people and eventually caused the Hu people of the Western Regions to unite and attack Gao Xianzhi together with the Great Food Nation. The responsibility for this was not blamed on the people of Shiguo. . Going back to Anlu Mountain, he fought with the Khitans all the year round to defend the borders of the Tang Dynasty. He also often bullied the Khitans. For example, he tricked a large number of Khitans into camps and killed them after getting drunk with alcohol. The harassment of An Lushan. The domineering Anlu Mountain angered Li Huaijie of the Khitan Khan, causing the princess Jingle to "lie down" and was killed by Li Huaijie to vent his anger. The Xi Bu, who was also oppressed by Anlu Mountain, also followed the example of Li Huaijie and killed his wife. Princess Yifang. But fortunately, Anlushan is not as "weak" as Xian Yutong. In the war against the Khitans, Anlushan has always been very powerful and successfully blocked the enemy from the country. Even so, Yang Guozhong has been bewitching Li Longji to get rid of Anlushan. In this case, let alone Anlushan, who was born in the Hu nationality, he was replaced by a Central Plains general.
Anlu Mountain has gained "legitimacy" and is supported by local forces in the Central Plains
In addition, the "Anshi Rebellion" can last for eight years. The biggest reason is not that a large number of Central Plains people have allegiance to Anlu Mountain., The relationship with the surrounding Hu people is not harmonious, among them there are many people inside the Tang Dynasty, and the local forces support Anlu Mountain. And Anlu Mountain is also a Huren who has a deep understanding of the Central Plains Dynasty. He knew that he wanted to achieve great things, and that it would be difficult to succeed only by the strength of the Hu people. To fight against the Tang Dynasty, he must obtain the "legitimacy" recognized by the Central Plains clans and people. This thing can be said to be mysterious and mysterious, but in ancient dynasties, the ancients used this set. It originated from factors such as royal blood, celestial and human interaction, and public opinion. When An Lushan fell asleep, there was a pillow. This kind of "legitimacy" was gifted by Li Longji himself. The ancients were superstitious and indulged in the metaphysical things that the heavens and humans perceive. If the astrology and the weather are abnormal, it means that the heavens are dissatisfied with the ruler. The emperor himself must respond.
specially set up the Taishi Bureau to observe the celestial phenomena in the Tang Dynasty, and also ordered the people not to observe the sky privately. After the Taishi Bureau observes the vision, it needs to be reported to the emperor in secret, and then the emperor and ministers will respond and explain in order to stabilize the national political situation. Superstitionism kills people, and An Lushan uses celestial phenomena to gain its own "legacy." He took up the "Four Stars Gathering" that had been promoted by the Tang Dynasty before the army to talk about things, said the emperor Yi's surname, and invited Fu Rui warlocks to "build momentum" for himself, thus attracting a large number of people. The influence of this theological power is tremendous If you don’t believe me, please remember those emperors who have made great things, they all used "familiar formulas and familiar tastes" before they started their troops. An Lushan perfectly completed the work of public opinion, gained the legitimacy of raising troops and the support of a large number of gentry, which gave him the strong confidence to go deep into the Central Plains.
At the end
Anlu Mountain launched the "Anshi Rebellion", which is an extremely conspicuous "coordinate" in history. Analyzing the cause and process, we all know that this is not a foreign war. There are Huren generals in the Tang army. , And there is no lack of Central Plains among the rebels. Moreover, Anlushan has a thorough understanding of the culture of the Central Plains, seized the high ground of public opinion to win over the people, and won the support of a large number of local forces in the Central Plains. Together with the warrior Huren soldiers and the strategic Central Plains advisers, this is the support of Anlushan for disaster. An important reason for years. If anyone wants to put it in a nutshell, the reason for the outbreak of the "Anshi Rebellion" is due to a large number of people from other ethnic groups in Datang, then these people can respond with one sentence: We do not remember this "pot".
[Reference: "Old Tang Book", "Hu Fengdong and Cultural Identity: An Analysis of the Causes of the "Anshi Rebellion" from the Perspective of Cultural Community"]
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