▲Zhu Zhangyao, a physician from the Department of Pathology, Chengda Hospital, said that lung cancer symptoms are relatively non-specific and are easily overlooked and delay the opportunity to seek medical treatment, resulting in a high lung cancer mortality rate. (Photo by reporter Lin Yue)
reporter Lin Yue/Tainan reported that the occurrence of
lung cancer is closely related to "smoking" behavior. In recent years, the promotion of smoking cessation has effectively reduced small cell lung cancer and squamous epithelium that are more related to smoking. The proportion of cancer, but the proportion of "adenocarcinoma" that is more related to non-smokers has increased, and the symptoms of lung adenocarcinoma are relatively non-specific, which is easily overlooked and delays the opportunity to seek medical attention. Dr. Zhu Zhangyao, Department of Pathology, National Chengchi University Hospital, said that lung cancer ranks first in cancer death rates in the world. The main reason is that many lung cancer patients are already in the third or fourth stage when they are diagnosed. The golden period of early treatment has been missed and the effectiveness of treatment is limited. .
The occurrence of lung cancer is closely related to the behavior of "smoking". According to statistics, smokers are 10 times more likely to develop lung cancer than non-smokers, and those who are heavy smokers are 60 times more likely to develop cancer. In addition, second-hand smoke can also cause 2 times the risk of cancer. risk. Fortunately, under the smoking cessation announcement, it has effectively reduced the proportion of small cell lung cancer and squamous epithelial cancer that are more related to smoking.
However, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer are still high. The reason is that lung adenocarcinoma, which is more related to non-smokers, has relatively non-specific symptoms and is easily overlooked and delays the opportunity to seek medical attention. Dr. Zhu Zhangyao pointed out that non-smokers should pay special attention to whether there are related high-risk factors, including: 1. Those who have a family history of lung cancer; 2. Those who have suffered from tuberculosis or chronic lung inflammation; 3. Long-term exposure to heavy metals and asbestos , People under the radiation environment, should pay special attention to if you have a long-term cough, blood in sputum, chest tightness, chest pain, shortness of breath, or unexplained anorexia, weight loss, weakness and fatigue and other related symptoms of lung cancer, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible , In order to achieve the effect of early detection and early treatment.
The treatment of lung cancer is mainly divided into two categories: "small cell lung cancer" and "non-small cell lung cancer". Small cell lung cancer is mainly chemotherapy and radiation therapy; non-small cell lung cancer can be subdivided into adenocarcinoma, squamous epithelial carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and other rare types according to the pathological type. Dr.
Zhu Zhangyao cited a case of a 50-year-old male who stated that the case was operated on for lung cancer five years ago. Although chemotherapy was supplemented after the operation, the patient still recurred and deteriorated and had distant metastases. Pathological examination found that ROS1 immunostaining was positive, and ROS1 gene translocation was confirmed by the Pathology Division Sub-diagnosis Group of Chengda Hospital with fluorescence in situ hybridization technology. Currently, targeted drug therapy is being taken. Z3z
Dr. Zhu Zhangyao said that early non-small cell lung cancer can be treated with surgery. In the late stage, in addition to traditional chemotherapy, pathological tests can be used to select the most suitable treatment for patients, such as detecting whether there are mutations or translocations at specific gene loci. , And there are corresponding target therapeutic drugs.
