If you talk about which character is the most difficult to play in the Three Kingdoms film and television drama, it is undoubtedly Cao Cao .
Because he is an actor himself, his acting skills are only Liu Bei can compete with him, but Liu Bei has more sad scenes.
Wine to discuss heroes (pictures are from the 1994 version of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms")
Zhang Fei is easier to play because according to the Romance of the Romance, there are many characters that can be referenced, such as Niu Gao and Li Kui. Of course, if you really want to act like this, there will be problems.
pictures are from the Internet (I am talking about Kang Kai, and Teacher Kang will play Cheng Yaojin again, and they will live together).
As for Guan Gong, it seems that as long as he has a tall and powerful image, he just needs to close his eyes and stroke his beard.
Yu Rongguang version Guan Yu (picture from the New Three Kingdoms)
However, when it comes to Guan Yu, we will always see the classic appearance of teacher Lu Shuming in the 1994 version of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".
Because others only performed Guan Gong's "form", only Teacher Lu performed "god".
Lu Shuming's version of Guan Yu (picture from the 1994 version of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms")
Although Guan Gong does not need to be as changeable as Cao Cao, those who play Guan Gong must accept the test of the entire nation.
Because Guan Gong is a god who is widely believed in by Chinese people regardless of class, ethnicity, or even good or bad.
Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism The deification of Guan Gong
There was a couplet in the Guan Temple in the Qing Dynasty:
Confucianism is called saints, Buddhism is called Buddhism, Taoism is called heavenly priests, and all the three religions are converted. The temple has a new look, and everyone respects it;
The Han Dynasty was granted a marquis, the Song Dynasty was granted a king, the Ming Dynasty was awarded an emperor, and the honorary title was given to all dynasties. The magical power is outstanding, and it is really hard to say.
The mainstream of Chinese culture is Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. The three religions move from debate to integration, representing the formation and development process of the mainstream of Chinese thought and culture.
At the same time, the three religions maintain their respective value systems and worship series, but Guan Gong can be praised by the three religions in a whole.
Guandi Temple (picture from the Internet)
The earliest appearance of "Guan Gong Xiansheng" is, and Buddhism is regarded as a god.
After Buddhism was introduced to China at the end of the Han Dynasty, it developed rapidly. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Buddhism once surpassed the Confucian and Taoist religions.
At that time, Buddhism was arrogant because of its arrogance and often made some extraordinary moves. Therefore, there was a large-scale campaign to destroy Buddhism like Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou . Middle Tang Strong Prime Minister Li Deyu also had measures to restrict the development of Buddhism.
Li Deyu (from "The Palace Scheming")
Buddhism, which has learned its lesson, began to try to reconcile the conflict with the beliefs of Confucianism and Taoism, and Guan Gong became a breakthrough.
During the Tang Dynasty period, after Master Shenxiu established a temple in Yuquan Mountain, he saw the villagers worshipping Guan Gong, so he destroyed the Guan Temple.
Suddenly, Guan Gong showed his sage, picked up his sword and rode his horse, and talked to Shenxiu , the frightened Zen Master Shenxiu hurriedly broke the ground to build a temple. From then on, every Buddhist temple called Guan Gong the Apology Galan.
from the movie "Qinglong Yanyue Sword"
So, Guan Gong's conversation with Shenxiu should tell Shenxiu how his status is in Buddhism.
Through this fabricated story, it not only elevated Guan Gong's status, but also incorporated Guan Gong into his own belief system.
Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan respected Buddhism and repeatedly respected Guan Gong, and also introduced Guan Gong to Huang Sect (Lamaism).
Kublai (from "The Storm of Jianyuan")
, the Qing , also admires the Yellow Sect and is also bound by Mongolian tribes, so he inherits the worship of Guan Gong (considering the consideration of despising the influence of Yue Fei in the folk).
Although Buddhism has been in a strong position in most periods of Chinese history, Taoism is not a time without glory.
Northern Song During the founding of the People's Republic of China, the legend of Song Taizu and Chen Tuan's ancestor was circulated. Song Zhenzong made the "Chen Book Movement" and also made Taoism famous.
Song Taizu (from "Ask you how much sorrow can you have"
When the Emperor Daojun Song Huizong period, Taoism, with the support of the court, completely suppressed Buddhism and began to posthumously enthronement of Guan Gong:
Song Zhenghe, Jiezhou Chi Yan was defeated at the time of the time, and the class was not over. The emperor summoned Xu Jing Zhenren to inquire. The emperor said, "This is Chi You's divine violence." The emperor said, "Who can defeat him?" He said, "Supervisor Guan, I have ordered him." He came to Jiezhou to write a big wind and tilt and tilt the huge trees. When Si cleared, the pool level was like a mirror, and the salt resumed the class. The emperor summoned Xu Jing to work hard and said, " Can Guan Yu be seen? "Sayed, "Sure." Then he saw that his body was defeated by the court. The emperor was afraid and took a Chongning money to throw it over, saying, "I think it's trust." Tomorrow, he will be named Chongning Zhenjun.
to Ming Dynasty , Wanli in October of the 42nd year of the 42nd year of Guan Yu was named " Three Realms Demon Subduing Emperor Divine Power Far Heavenly Lord Guan Sheng Emperor ", and " Special Life Quanzhen Taoist priest Zhou Lizhen and others asked to go there to calm the corners and clear the Chinese and foreign countries. "
Wanli Emperor (from "The Chief Auxiliary of Wanli Zhang Juzheng")
As for Confucian , it was the last of the "Three religions" to intervene in Guan Yu's worship. But it was also because of the intervention of Confucianism that Guan Gong worship finally established its national status.
After the Song Dynasty's transit south, a very important topic was how to establish its orthodox status of China.
Song Gaozong (from "The Loyalty Yue Fei")
Great Confucian Zhu Xi Director Liu Shu After the Han Dynasty was orthodox, both the Ming and Qing dynasties used Zhu Xi's works as imperial reading materials, which became the textbook and examination standard for the imperial examination system .
Since Shu Han was orthodox, Guan Gong's loyalty and righteousness during his lifetime was fully commended. Moreover, Guan Gong liked to read "Spring and Autumn", which was easier to be recognized by scholars and officials. Confucianism, on the secular level, continuously gave Guan Gong a posthumous title through official officials, "King Wu'an" became a synonym for Guan Gong.
Reading the Spring and Autumn Anniversary (from the 94th edition of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms")
So, Guan Gong During the Tang and Song dynasties, the people of the country have become enemies with Buddhism, the people of the country have become Taoist gods, and the people of loyalty to the emperor and righteousness have been praised by Confucianism. In addition, the continuous enfeoffment of the rulers of the descendants has become a god recognized by the three religions of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.
Guan Gong’s influence among the people
0 descendants have been continuously enfeoffed Guan Gong. The three religions of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism have focused on absorbing Guan Gong into the value system, and because of the universality of Guan Gong’s beliefs among the people.
Guan Gong’s Dangyang area during his lifetime belonged to the territory of Chu during the Warring States Period. This area has the folk custom of the witch-style lewd temple, Southern and Northern Dynasties and . Some people of Ba migrated here.
pictures are from "The God of War Chiyou"
Guan Yu was initially showing his sage, and there is a saying that " This temple ghosts help the achievements of the earth and wood to achieve ", and " to solve the ghost method " and " to use ghosts to " are the special skills of the Ba people who believe in Tianshidao . The combination of the two laid the foundation for early folk beliefs.
It can also be seen here that Guan Gong's belief and Zhuge Liang have entered the altar The difference.
Zhuge Liang (from the 1994 edition of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms")
Zhuge Liang was praised by Confucian scholars from the beginning, and was shaped as the incarnation of wisdom from the top to the bottom.
Guan Gong was originally from the people and absorbed by religion, and finally influenced the Confucian scholars and the court behind him.
Under the joint action of the people and the official, it is very reasonable for Guan Gong to become the belief of the whole people.
Guan Gong's sacrificial ceremony (pictures from the Internet)
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Under the integration of Guan Gong's beliefs, China has increased its overall centripetal force. If there were no such belief, how could the Chinese nation produce a force that shakes the world in the actions of saving the nation and other national survival? (the general belief in Guan Gong and Yue Fei in the Republic of China)
In addition, Guan Gong also has the belief in the God of Wealth.
Guan Gong was the God of Wealth compared to Zhao Gongming and Bi Gan, the time is relatively short.
In "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", the legend of Gong's "hanging seals and sealing gold" makes people see the vague relationship between Guan Gong and the God of Wealth.
Lu Shuming's version of Guan Yu (from the 1994 version of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms")
In this story, the key is Guan Gong's idea of valuing righteousness over profit, which is very necessary for a God of Wealth.
Furthermore, wealth is a very "spiritual" thing. To make money, you need luck. When you make money, you also need to be careful of the concerns of bandits and villains. Then it is perfect for the brave Guan Gong to become the guardian of wealth.
Lu Shuming version Guan Yu (from the 1994 version of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms")
In addition, in folk legends, Guan Yu is good at accounting, believes that Guan Yu had invented "Riqing Book", covering four items, original, collection, release, and storage, and was widely used in later generations, so he is known as the "Academic Master of Accounting".
Guan Gong became the God of Wealth, and there was a specific historical background, that is, the rise of Shanxi merchants. During the heyday of the Shanxi Merchants, it reached Fujian, Zhejiang and even Southeast Asia in the south, and went north to , Chaktu, far to Northern Europe.
Guan Gong is from Shanxi and meets all the functional requirements of Shanxi merchants for God of Wealth .
taken in Qiao Family Courtyard, sourced from the Internet
Therefore, from Guan Gong's skills, character and even his hometown, he is also very qualified as the God of Wealth.
plays Guan Gong's taboo
After Guan Gong's belief was formed, it also feeds back the interaction between literati and doctors and the people at the bottom, especially opera creation.
Guan Gong on the Peking Opera stage (from the Internet)
Due to Guan Gong's status as a god, famous actors in the past had countless rules:
# Fast and bathing, and alcohol and color are prohibited; the name of the emperor was written on yellow paper, folded into a triangle and placed in a helmet or arrow coat , which is called "top coding";
#The appearance cannot be like both form and spirit. You must "point it" on your face, that is, outline a golden line, or dot one to seven black moles to show that you are not a real master;
# After you dress up, you cannot talk to others, you cannot call someone real name, and you cannot call Guan Gong's name directly on the stage. You cannot lift the taboo until the performance is over.
# Go to the temple to repay the master's wish to apologize, indicating that you have to offend the gods for your livelihood.
But he has always played Guan Gongzhe. Although he is very pious, the final result is more or less good.
In fact, there are not many factors in fantasy .
If you want to achieve a classic role, you must immerse yourself in it, that is, treat yourself as the character itself and work hard to study it.
Lu Shuming's version of Guan Yu (from the 1994 version of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms")
In turn, the role will also become a kind of burden, and the actors cannot get out of it and cannot distinguish between art and life.
If this continues, it will exhaust your energy and lead to premature death.
Teacher Lu Shuming contributed the most classic image of Guan Gong at the age of 66. Although he did not die prematurely, it is still a pity!
Lu Shuming's version of Guan Yu (from the movie "Qinglong Yanyue Sword")
He once said that for decades, he has not yet been freed from the role of "Guan Gong". " Sometimes this is a kind of happiness, but dreams are always a dream. Being remembered by others is the greatest happiness. This life is enough. "
Teacher Lu is a cheerful man himself, without too many thief thoughts. It is not happy to cooperate with Stephen Chow , and Teacher Lu never hides it. Of course, it should not be said like
, but isn’t this also a manifestation of Teacher Lu’s true temperament?
pictures are from the Internet
Teacher Lu is not as popular as Stephen Chow, and he is well-known and compromised; Guan Gong has always been arrogant but not bullying the lower.
In life, he has always taken good care of his seriously ill "third brother" Li Jingfei .
pictures are from the Internet
I am afraid that he has long regarded himself as "Guan Gong".
Perhaps, this made the "combination of heaven" between Teacher Lu and Guan Gong.
Slashes the sky with a horizontal knife, sways the sword to cut the autumn wind, blood sprinkles cold frost, and a smile makes a reputation move from all directions.
Strange travels through the world, stepping on the road of thousands of bones, ruthless wind and rain in the haze, and the heart is cruel to Dongwu.
Looking back at the waves, discussing heroes in the spring and autumn, asking who can share the passion.
Pictures are from the Internet
Say goodbye to Teacher Lu. The "Guan Yu" he plays will always be remembered in the hearts of the audience, and the images will last forever and will not be forgotten.
Reference materials:
Hu Xiaowei "The Three Confessions and Guan Yu Worship"
Haoran Literature and History "Discussing the Road to the Second Brother Guan's God"
Xu Shilin "Lu Shuming's Blessings in this Life"
Creative Team
Author | Zhao Xiyi
Planning | Zhao Xiyi
Edit | Zhao Xiyi
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