It is August in a blink of an eye, and the graduate student preparation has entered the intensive stage. I believe that many new graduate students have started to practice questions.
Source: Weibo user emoticon package pro
When you first start practicing, you always encounter many difficulties, such as when facing the question, you have a lot of words but ignore the logic. After finally writing a full discussion, you find that it is all plain language. Indeed, if you want to get high scores in the exam room, the length and content are one aspect. The academic and professional nature of language expression can make the marking teachers shine. Therefore, needs to constantly polish your own words during the process of practicing questions.
Although academic literacy cannot be cultivated overnight, we can consciously accumulate some new postgraduate entrance examination-related advanced terms to replace ordinary vocabulary in the daily learning process, and makes our answers more professional and concise.
In order to save students valuable time, we have compiled some high-level terms commonly used in the new postgraduate entrance examination for you, and attached correct usage examples to contribute to your answers!
directory
. Alienation, materialization
. Community, de-domain
. Supply, actor
. Poaching, carnival
. Disparity, de-railment, transgression
. , Disenchant, crown
, rearview mirror, anti-environment
, Kuaishou
, Landscape, wonder
, Circle-layer, Balkanization
1 Alienation
Definition: Marx believes that when the relationship between labor and people is distorted by capitalism , labor becomes a commodity, and the surplus value is whitewashed into profit, it is called alienation.
Example: When capital continues to increase control over fan circles, the relationship between fans and idols is alienated from . Fans continue to consume irrationally and exploit capital for free.
2
phystic
Definition: was proposed by Lukacs and is directly derived from Marx's " Capital ". That is, human labor becomes an objective thing that is not transferred by one's own will.
Example: " materialized women" is one of the hot topics in today's society. We often separate women's bodies from their individuals, especially in the boom of body consumption in short videos, which makes women over-care for evaluations full of male gaze.
1 Community
Definition: was proposed by German sociologist Tengnis. In his book " Community and Society ", he divided the human group into a community and society. He believed that all intimate and exclusive lives are community life, and the basic forms include relatives, neighbors and friendship.
Example : When the power of business enters community and puts forward the slogan "social economy", the economic-oriented community has weakened the meaning of the spiritual bond. ——Penglan
2
domain
Denomain Definition: was proposed by Gidens , meaning that social relations are separated from the regional relationship of interaction with each other, and are caused by the "virtuousness" and "absence" caused by the separation of time and space.
Example: They confirm their existence through clear geographical locations in the visible space, but they consider themselves a member of of the Chinese Community, and clarify their national identity in the network space of off-domain .——Dong Tiance , Yang Long Mengjue
1 Providence
Definition: was proposed by American psychologist James Gibson. It originally meant "the possibility of action in a specific environment", and has now evolved into an explanatory framework that examines human behavior from the perspective of the relationship between actors and the environment.
Example: Compared with the news ecosystem in the traditional media environment, the news ecosystem cultivated by has stronger mobilization and even radicalization power than traditional news audiences. Digital news users also have stronger willingness and motivation to intervene in social processes through actions. ——Chang Jiang, Tian Hao
2
acter
acter
Definition: comes from Bruno Latour's actor network theory. The actor can be either humans or non-human objects such as technology and organisms. Anything that changes the state of things by creating differences can be called an actor.
Example: Digital journalism can be an open and orderly system, a practical network formed by the multi-news actors . In an ideal state, this network is mixed but not messy. ——Wang Chenyao
1 Poaching
Destination : Desai Tu calls active reading behavior "poaching", which is a kind of misappropriation rather than misreading, emphasizing the liquidity and creativity of meaning.
Example: In the process of interaction between fans and idols, fans, as poachers, actively safari in various texts about idols, produce various second-creation works and obtain pleasure from them.
2
carnival
Definition: is proposed by Bakhtin , referring to a state that is completely opposite to the official serious life, where people break the hierarchical order and liberate it from reality.
Example : Celebrities imitate as a copycat culture, breaking the discourse monopoly of elite temple-style culture. After ESO chose to "debut" into a group, they brought fan culture into this grassroots carnival .
1 Disparate
Definition: was first introduced into sociology by French sociologist Durkheim, which contains two meanings: one is the failure of traditional norms, and the other is that the new norms have not yet been formed.
Example: In the era when traffic is king, the phenomenon of media being out of style occurs from time to time. In order to gain attention, some media do not hesitate to increase exposure by exaggerating facts and fabricating facts.
2
deviant
Deviation : Originally, it means that the train is off track, but now it is mostly used to refer to behavior beyond the norm.
Example : Body consumption eventually became a carnival that exposed the body, corrupting the minds of the young group, and gradually causing disorder and to deviate from the performance on social media. ——Li Ying
3
pass
pass
Definition: means to act beyond this branch.
Example: 's powerful Internet technology has given more possibilities for the production and distribution of media. User behavior and privacy content are no longer a secret in today's era, and it has become the norm for the media to transcend the private field of by controlling a large amount of data.
1 Demonstration
Demonstration : The mystery, sacredness and charm of science and knowledge originate from what Max Weber calls "the disenchantment of the world".
Example : In the era when the mass media was disenchanted by , lies and "facts" came one after another. In situations that people are difficult to judge, their first reaction is often to believe in their own feelings. ——Li Biao
2
Cornered
Definition: Add the crown to the monarch's head, which is the ceremony when the monarch ascended the throne. It can be extended to confirm its authority.
Example: gets through the carnival stage of short videos, and the characters in are far more than clowns in the traditional sense. The creators of short video works, clowns formed based on the secondary creation of short videos, and even characters in classic film and television works have all entered the center of social attention. ——Wang Xuecheng, Yang Haochen
1 Rearview mirror
Definition: was proposed by McLuhan in his speech in "Brain Opening Technique", he believed that people can only see the old environment but cannot see the new environment. Under the guidance of the old environment, new media appear with the old media as a reference. You can use the rearview mirror as a methodology for understanding new media, and use the old media of the past as a guide to unlock new media.
Example: We are always imagining how the metaverse will bring us an innovative world, but through McLuhan's "rearview mirror" , perhaps the metaverse has existed in daily life in various subtle forms.
2
Anti-environment
Definition: was proposed by McLuhan in his book "By Vanishing Points, Space in Poetry and Painting", "Anti-environment" is created by artists with keen insight. With their natural immunity to the impact of technology, artists artificially corrected the sensory imbalance caused by the transfer of new and old technologies.
Example: These ordinary users accidentally play the role of "sober artist", and these boring scenes and performances form the live "anti-environment" . ——Wang Jianlei
1 Kuaishou
Definition: was proposed by Bourdieu in "About TV". It initially refers to TV intellectuals who cooperated with TV stations to act as "media frequent visitors". They constantly promoted specific ideas to cater to the TV industry and did not have their own opinions.
Example: In the new media era, the development of network technology has given people the opportunity to speak out, but the low threshold of social media and the rapid information iteration make every user with a certain influence face the risk of becoming "Quaisishou" .
1 Landscape
Definition: was proposed by Juyidebo in " Landscape Society ", believing that landscape is the essence of the capitalist era, and everything that exists directly is transformed into a "appearance", because it can only be sold if it is "seeed" rather than useful.
Example: Under the influence of capitalism, today's society has become a world of landscape stacked, and many commodities are packaged magnificently and given false meaning as symbols.
2
miracle
Definition : proposed by American scholar Kelner, referring to media cultural phenomena that can reflect the basic values of contemporary society, guide individuals to adapt to modern lifestyles and dramatize conflicts and solutions in contemporary society, including various gorgeous scenes created by media.
Example : The mass use of some conspicuous and exaggerated technical means is made of the medium wonder , sometimes not only does not help the contemporary presentation of traditional culture, but also will damage the connotation of traditional culture due to the abuse of technical means.—— Zeng Yiguo , Li Beilei
1 Circle
Definition: produces multiple classes of differentiation in the process of social development. The circle can be a group with the same social attributes, or a group with strong social ties and relatively similar in a specific region.
Example: The recommended application of the personality algorithm makes the youth group different from the past geographic circle , but instead implements " circle " based on "interest" and "values".
2
Balkanization
Definition: originally refers to the fact that the Balkans have no unified state or ethnic entity, coupled with the interference of foreign forces, causing tension in the situation. Now means fragmentation.
Example: The era of information overload conflicts with people's limited attention. The "Balkanization" of social media allows people to enter different circles.
The last tip:
We need to use advanced vocabulary to polish the answers, but we do not just pile up words. Therefore, in the process of the new postgraduate entrance examination answering training, the first priority is to explain the facts and principles logically, and the second is to package our own expression.
#graduate student##xin Chuan Postgraduate Entrance Examination#
