Editor's note: "Real education should first obtain its own essence. Education must have faith. Without faith, it cannot be education, but just a technology of teaching. The purpose of education is to make oneself clear about the essence of education and one's will. In addition, it cannot find the purpose of education." This is even more so for Ideological and Political Education and Ideological and Political Courses. "There are many problems that need to be solved when running ideological and political courses, but the most important thing is to solve the problem of confidence. 'Do not doubt people, you must first be confident.' The teachers of ideological and political courses themselves do not believe in them, so how can they teach students? We should have the confidence to run ideological and political courses." Therefore, for the new era, In terms of the construction of ideological and political courses on behalf of others, we must focus on how to build on the basis of clarifying why, and continuously strengthen and optimize the construction of ideological and political courses. "We must be confident and open ideological and political courses with confidence."
1. Explain and explain the truth and thoroughly and vividly Marxism
How to grasp its rules based on students' cognitive characteristics and explain the Marxist theory clearly and thoroughly and vividly is the key to improving the effectiveness of ideological and political courses. At present, there is basically no problem with teachers of ideological and political courses at the level of "talking". They focus their teaching on the basic principles of Marxism and their practical interpretation, but the quality and effect of lectures are uneven. They often keep the developed Marxist theory at the level of teaching, and do not do it in promoting Marxist theory to go deeper, more practical, and more heart-to-heart. Therefore, the first thing to "reason" in ideological and political courses is to explain clearly, deeply and thoroughly, lively Marxism.
"Tell it clearly" means to explain the basic principles of Marxism to students, explain clearly the basic views of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, guide students to understand and understand the fundamental nature of Marxism, and master the fundamental foothold of observing the world and dealing with problems. "Talking deep" means that based on the knowledge structure and ideological status of students at different stages, and on the basis of teaching basic principles, some of the deep connotations and laws of Marxist theory should be explained to students clearly, so that students can fully understand the integrity of Marxist theory and correctly understand the regularity of human social development. "Telling thoroughly" means that we cannot just go from theory to theory, from concept to concept, and we cannot just take historical choices and people's choices as the prerequisites. We must explain the real reasons for the good of Marxism, the Communist Party of China, and the good socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must explain the development process of Marxism and the theoretical character of Marxism keeping pace with the times to students, and guide them to deeply understand and firmly believe in the correctness and scientific nature of scientific theories that guide China's development and achieve historic achievements and undergo historic changes. "Talking about life" means to achieve popularization and popularization of Marxist theory teaching. Students cannot be regarded as a whiteboard waiting for knowledge filling and moral irrigation. They only attach importance to the standardized indoctrination of theoretical knowledge, ignore students' psychological acceptance ability, and cannot completely continue to use traditional classroom teaching methods. They are tired of dealing with new methods such as networks and information technology. Instead, they teach courses in all ways that are conducive to Marxist theoretical education according to the needs of the development of the times, so as to achieve acceptable and willingness to accept theoretical transmission.
2. Combining ideological and political classroom with social classroom
Use scientific theoretical education to cultivate people is the main purpose of the establishment of ideological and political courses and the fundamental requirement. The theoretical teaching of dry and literate teaching will definitely not achieve the effect. Theories must be taught in combination with passionate social practice. At the symposium of teachers of ideological and political theory courses in school, Xi Jinping pointed out that "Marxism is formed and continuously developed in practice. We must attach great importance to the practicality of ideological and political courses, and combine the small ideological and political classroom with the large social classroom..." In March 2021, he emphasized: "We must make good use of the 'big ideological and political courses' and must be combined with reality. We cannot read the documents with documents when taking ideological and political courses. They are lifeless and dry." "Ideological and political courses should not only be taught in the classroom, but also in social life."Therefore, ideological and political courses should guide students to connect theory with practice in the process of classroom theory transmission, and realize the organic unity of theory and practice in the in-depth thinking that focuses on practical issues. Only in this way can ideological and political courses be more vivid, full and tenacious.
3. Promote the organic integration of "emotion" and "reason" of ideological and political courses
Knowing the reason and moving it with emotion is the basic requirement for all classrooms and all teachers, because "teachers are not providers of knowledge, but exchange and sharing of learning topics, opinions, thoughts, and emotions with students. "For ideological and political courses, the integration of emotion and reason is more important, because simple theoretical indoctrination and irrational passionate preaching are easy to arouse students' disgust, and even look indifferent. This requires ideological and political courses to be rational, warm, emotional and attitude.
Thoughts are vital. Only when ideological and political course teachers have in-depth mastery of the basic principles of Marxism and scientifically impart science can students guide them to know what is right and why it is. But the teaching of theory is not a blunt preaching and transfer knowledge without expression or indifference. Ideological and political course teachers must have feelings and must accompany emotional expression and resonance in the process of "reasoning". Only when theoretical knowledge is transformed into elements that touch students' thoughts and conscience, thoughts can truly take root in students' consciousness and gain vitality, and become a guide to guide their actions. However, It is emphasized that ideological and political courses touch people with emotions, not that emotions are greater than reason, and principles can be abandoned at critical moments. On the contrary, they emphasize that ideological and political courses and their teachers cannot follow the crowd on principle issues and major events. They are "enlightened gentlemen", but are clear-headed and dare to "speak out" and "draw the sword", explain clearly the comparison between Chinese characteristics and international characteristics, explain the history of the party and the country, explain the existence and lofty ideals, answer the questions of "how to see" and "what to do", and constantly consolidate the guiding role of Marxism in the field of ideological . At the same time, with the ideological and rationality of the content taught, relying on the presence environment, the authority of educators, scientific reasoning, and deepening of emotions, we will constantly inspire and cultivate students' love for the party and patriotism, so that students can be nourished by Marxist theory in the real teachers and students "from travel" and spiritual interactions, and strengthen their ideals and beliefs in life.
4. To strengthen vitality from the reform and innovation of ideological and political courses
Ideological and political courses want to continuously play their ideological and educational functions and produce more positive educational effects, the only way out is to constantly reform and innovate to keep themselves vibrant and vibrant. Therefore, under the premise of adhering to the important task of Marxist theory education, ideological and political courses must not only achieve knowledge updates, system improvements, and system improvements, but also achieve dynamic level operation mechanism and modern changes in the construction model. First, we must adhere to the subjectivity and dominance of ideological and political courses, ensure the effective transmission and reasoning of educational content, but also highlight the subjectivity and initiative of students and comply with their acceptance rules. Law, attach importance to its interests and needs, and promote the "acceptance and internalization" of "reason"; second, we must innovate in the content system, maintain the scientificity and interpretation of the content, and be realistic, be good at using data, let data speak, let data speak, use data to prove principles, and enhance the reliability of reasoning; third, we must not only set agendas and preset the theme scientifically, but also organically combine confessions and reasoning, reveal the beauty of theory, analyze the quality of life, and fully Show the quality and power of ideological and political courses; fourth, we must make full use of educational methods that are close to students' lives and are popular with students, and integrate various teaching models such as narration, case-based, interactive, embedded, and infiltration. We must also pay attention to avoiding the one-sided and limitations of "only seeing trees but not forests", fragmentation of educational content caused by popularization, and "weak essence" caused by blindly catering to the audience, so as to truly improve the educational effectiveness of ideological and political courses.
(Source: "Research on Ideological Education" 2022 Issue 8)
