Tong Binggang (1927.9.28-2020.7.9), from Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu.
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01.
Tong Binggang's father died when he was 11 years old, and his five brothers were raised by his mother. In 1945, he graduated from Liangfeng Middle School (now Liangfeng Senior High School in Jiangsu Province ), and was admitted to the School of Engineering of Nanjing University, studying in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. After graduating in 1950, he entered Harbin Institute of Technology to study mechanics as a graduate student. In 1953, he graduated with a postgraduate and stayed on to teach at the school. He was a lecturer and director of the theoretical mechanics teaching and research section. In 1961, he was transferred to University of Science and Technology of China to teach in the Department of Modern Mechanics. Assisted famous scientists such as , Qian Xuesen , etc. to build a professional teaching system for high-speed aerodynamics of the University of Science and Technology of China.
In the 1970s, due to the urgent need of my country's independent development of tactical and strategic missile weapons, Tong Binggang took the lead in developing an important research field of unsteady aerodynamics in China-the study of dynamic stability derivatives of aircraft during flight. He led the research team to address the inherent nonlinear difficulties of transonic and hypersonic flow, and proposed corresponding models: the unsteady transonic local linearization panel method and the unsteady internal Vol-Newton-Bouzman flow theory, thus pioneering and developing A set of analysis methods for the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft from low speed to high speed.These methods have strongly supported the research and development work of my country's aircraft design departments. This research continued into the 1980s. A research team was organized and a series of results and rewards were obtained.
In 1981, he was promoted to professor and was hired as the first batch of doctoral supervisors in my country. He said: "The educational model of doctoral students is independent research, and its training method is different. It is trained by tutors alone, a bit like the previous private school. The goal is to cultivate their ability to independently engage in scientific research and make creative results. "He said this, and he did the same. He puts forward different training and requirements for each graduate student according to different situations, and makes plans in terms of scientific research ideas, basic training, direction selection, and subject determination. So far, he has mentored 21 doctoral students and cultivated their solid foundation and innovative style. In 2012, the World Congress of Mechanics was held in Beijing. There were 17 group meetings in the field of fluid mechanics. There were 7 mainland scholars serving as the chairpersons of the group meetings. 2 of them were Prof. Keqin Zhu from Tsinghua University and Lu Xiyun from the University of Science and Technology of China. The professors are all doctoral students trained by Tong Binggang.
From May 1984 to October 1985, he was a visiting scholar at 4 universities in North America and engaged in collaborative research. In 1986, he returned to the Graduate School of the Chinese University of Science and Technology (now renamed University of Chinese Academy of Sciences ) to teach. From the 1980s to the 1990s, he guided graduate students and achieved two main results. One is to establish a three-dimensional wave plate theory for simulating the wave-like swimming of fish. On this basis, the problem of morphological adaptation of several swimming modes of fish is quantitatively analyzed, and several new conclusions are drawn. This theory has been scientifically applied many times. The citation index (SCI) articles have been fully affirmed by international colleagues. The second is to meet the needs of predicting the thermal environment of spacecraft with complex configurations. He cooperated with aerospace aerothermal experts to develop computational aerodynamics based on the finite element method. In addition, the "Gas Dynamics" (1990) that he presided over has become a textbook and reference book for many key universities and research institutions in China, and won the first prize of the Excellent Textbook of the State Education Commission in 1995 and the second prize of the Science and Technology Progress Award of the Ministry of Education in 1998. . "The Theory of Vortex Motion" (1994), which he presided over and compiled, was favored by readers, and was also sold to Taiwan, and was welcomed by Taiwanese colleagues and students.It is he who has made systematic and creative work in the cutting-edge fields of unsteady aerodynamics, biological fluid mechanics, and spacecraft thermal protection aero-thermodynamics. His research results have been recognized and valued by all walks of life. In 1997, Tong Binggang was elected as Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Department of Mathematics and Physics).
02.
From the end of the 20th century to the present, Tong Binggang has embarked on a new journey. He presided over the Biokinetic Mechanics Laboratory of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and led graduate students to explore two research fields.
One is the study of biokinetic mechanics of flight and swimming. In the past 10 years, 6 PhD students in the laboratory have obtained PhD degrees in this field and published creative results. A foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wu Yaozu (TY.Wu) published a review article in (Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech.) (2011), citing a total of 7 papers published by the laboratory. He listed the theoretical modeling analysis method of small insects flapping wings published by the laboratory as one of the four recent masterpieces in the field of pioneering small and medium-sized insects flapping wings at high angles of attack, and mentioned twice that the laboratory’s fish swimming Deformed body dynamics and fluid dynamics coupling system proposed in the field. In the forthcoming publication of my country's "Mechanics (Fluid Mechanics) Development Strategy Research Report", "Animal Flight and Swimming: Fluid Mechanics" mentioned: Tong Binggang's team developed a two-dimensional flapping wing semi-analytical method based on model theoretical analysis. , The three lift mechanisms proposed by the predecessors can all be embodied in this method. Tong Binggang's research group summarized the crucian carp "digital fish" model from a mechanical point of view through experimental methods.
The second is the engineering theory of pneumatic heating. In the past ten years, facing the new problems of aerodynamic heating of hypersonic near-space vehicles, under the leadership of Tong Binggang, based on model theory analysis methods, combined with numerical simulation methods, the engineering theory to solve the prediction of hypersonic aerodynamic thermal environment has been established. Trained 5 doctoral students. Completed the prediction of the thermal environment for non-ablation thermal protection of hypersonic aircraft, the theoretical framework of unsteady aerodynamics, the engineering theory of the aerodynamic heating of the sharpened front by the rare gas effect and the non-equilibrium real gas effect, and the wall flow separation repeatedly generates high aerodynamic heat. The generalized physical model and its theoretical and application research work.Among them, the work on the rare gas effect and the real gas effect was evaluated as a "rare encounter", "commendable" and "highly original" achievement. It was also rated as "outstanding progress" by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. For three consecutive years of funding. The generalized physical model that generates high aerodynamic heat near the flow reattachment point is evaluated as "quite novel and innovative". These works not only have academic value, but also have engineering application value. Therefore, Tong Binggang was invited to several scientific research institutes to give reports, which attracted the attention of many engineering departments. They took the initiative to contact the research team and signed a research contract.
03.
In 2002, Tong Binggang won the He Liangheli Foundation Science and Technology Progress Award . In 2006, he was awarded the honorary title of "Advanced Individual in the Third Innovative Culture Construction of Chinese Academy of Sciences".
He said: “Due to historical reasons, I started doing fluid mechanics research at the age of 45. I did research in this field for 25 years and was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences at the age of 70. I started my business very late and made small achievements. I believe in a motto. It's called'don't be afraid of twists and turns, perseverance, it's up to people to get things done, and it's up to the sky'." Tong Binggang has gone through hardships, overcome all difficulties, and will grow late. In adversity and ups and downs, he has demonstrated his demeanor as a teacher and scientific researcher.
Tong Binggang has always been nostalgic for his hometown of Zhangjiagang. He said that the sunshine and rain in his hometown nurtured him and the people in his hometown supported him. It is his wish to return to his hometown in his lifetime. In 2007, he donated 127 personal archives to the Jiagang City Archives. In 2012, at the 50th anniversary celebration of the county (city) of Zhangjiagang City, he specially sent a congratulatory letter. He said: "I deeply miss and thank my mother and elders in my hometown for their nurturing and nurturing, and hope that my hometown will become brighter and brighter.
END
Article source: "Suzhou Academician"
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editor: Wendao
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