The Ministry of Public Security recently released statistics. In the first three quarters of this year, new energy vehicles were registered nationwide, with increasing by 298.48% year-on-year. As of the end of September, the number of new energy vehicles reached 11.49 million, and 3.713 million new registrations were registered in the first three quarters. Among them, the number of pure electric vehicles is 9.26 million, accounting for 80.56% of the total number of new energy vehicles.
On the one hand, new energy spontaneous combustion accidents are constantly spreading, and on the other hand, new energy vehicles have considerable advantages in the cost of using vehicles. This has caused new anxiety for users who are exposed to new energy vehicles for the first time. How can we choose a car that does not burn spontaneously? Then we need to start with battery safety.
First, let’s talk about the reasons for the spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicle . There is a word called Thermal runaway . It is the main reason for the spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicle batteries, and thermal runaway is a gradual result. For example, one of the hundreds of battery cells has a high temperature, which is not a big problem. However, once the temperature is high, side reactions will occur in the battery cell; most of these side reactions are exothermic, which will lead to higher temperatures and eventually lead to spontaneous combustion.
The idea of curbing the spread of heat runaway is very simple: add heat insulation measures between the cells to reduce the thermal accumulation rate of adjacent cells. For example, the magazine battery equipped with AION V Plus uses nano-porous thermal insulation material . The internal structure of this material is extremely complex, resulting in a significant shortening of the average free path of the gas and a significant increase in the thermal conductivity path of the solid substance. Combined, it obtains extremely low material density and extremely strong thermal insulation performance, which is very suitable for heat insulation between battery cells.
Heat insulation is only one aspect, heat dissipation is the key. The shell of the magazine battery is a high temperature-resistant material that can withstand 1400℃, so heat is transmitted from the high-precision thermal conductivity path on the side of the module to the bottom, and the thermally conductive structural adhesive is used to achieve a full-fit design. The carefully designed liquid-cooled channel in the bottom guard plate achieves efficient heat dissipation. Such a rapid cooling three-dimensional cooling system has achieved a 40% increase in the heat dissipation area and a 30% increase in the heat dissipation efficiency. Its synergistic effect with mesh nanopore insulation material makes the spreading process of the magazine battery when the cell thermal runaway.
After the improvement of thermal insulation and heat dissipation, the security at the system level is equally important. The security of the magazine battery at the BMS system level emphasizes the frequency and time coverage of data collection: 10 times per second, 24 hours full-time patrol. When abnormal situations occur (such as overheating of a single battery cell), the BMS starts the quick-cooling system in time and adjusts it to the maximum power, which can kill the spread of thermal runaway in the bud. The magazine battery is equipped with AION V Plus and other safety models. There has not been a spontaneous combustion accident so far, which is the best proof.
There is also blade battery installed on the market, which is equipped with BYD brand, but its performance is not satisfactory, and spontaneous combustion accidents occur frequently. This is because blade batteries essentially rely on optimizing the space layout in the battery pack to improve energy density. However, when the battery is squeezed or impacted, it is borne by the strength of the battery cell itself, and the battery cell will lose a layer of protection, which will further increase the risk of battery encapsulation deformation and thus increase the probability of thermal runaway.
From the perspective of future development, it is only a matter of time before the number of new energy vehicles exceeds that of fuel vehicles. Whoever can better solve the problem of battery spontaneous combustion will be able to dominate the market. Of course, users also need to understand some car selection skills in order to be safe and anxious to drive.
