There is such a sister who is 30+ years old. She was afraid of the risks of pregnancy, so she went to the hospital for pre-pregnancy check-ups. However, two days later, something unexpected happened. The hospital called and said that her HIV test result was positive! The husband’s test result was negative.
HIV, its full name is human immunodeficiency virus, which is mainly transmitted through sex, blood, mother and child.
Faced with such a test result, this sister was at a loss, thinking in her heart, I haven't gone out to mess around, how could I be infected with AIDS?
After repeated investigations, the breast fibroma operation that was performed at informal hospital six months ago was locked.
We often think that AIDS is the product of unclean sex, but we neglect it. Plastic surgery, surgery, blood donation, etc. are all excellent ways to spread it; we often think that AIDS is a terminal illness. If you get AIDS, It is equivalent to life sentenced to death, let alone wanting to have children, but not knowing that HIV is actually detected. If detected in time, it can be controlled by medication.
Regarding AIDS, there are all kinds of "prejudices" and "knowledge blind spots". Today, let's talk about the HIV-positive pre-pregnancy test. Can we still have children?
Let’s start with the conclusion:
HIV-positive mothers can give birth to healthy babies.
As mentioned earlier, the recognized transmission routes of HIV include blood, mother-to-child, and sexual transmission. Among them, mother-to-child transmission is in underdeveloped areas. It is still very common, and every reported data is shocking.
Then why do you say that women infected with AIDS can still give birth to healthy babies? We have to look at it in two situations:
1) If no intervention is done, the probability of mother-to-child transmission of HIV is between 15% and 45%. Judging from the data, mother-to-child transmission is indeed an important channel for HIV transmission.
2) If timely intervention is implemented before or during pregnancy, the risk of infection can be controlled below 5%, and in some cases it can even be lower than 1%. In other words, mother-to-child transmission channels are almost controllable.
In other words, if an HIV-positive mother wants to give birth to a healthy baby, she needs medical intervention.
How to intervene? We need to start with the mother-to-child transmission mechanism of HIV.
Mother-to-child transmission mechanism of HIV
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV, also called vertical transmission, mainly refers to the transmission of HIV to the baby by mothers infected with HIV during the three stages of pregnancy, childbirth, and nursing.
After being infected with HIV, women will have a large amount of HIV in their blood and vagina without treatment.
However, due to the existence of the "placental barrier", maternal blood and fetal blood usually do not communicate directly. It is relatively safe for the fetus to grow in the "palace" of the mother's belly.
However, any factor that destroys the placental barrier may cause maternal and fetal blood to communicate and cause infection. The most common damage of
is the process of contractions during labor, which can cause damage to the placenta, resulting in a small amount of maternal blood containing the virus into the fetus through the placenta and umbilical cord.
This is also what it is said that the most important time for mother-to-child transmission of HIV is the production stage .
In addition, are there other factors that damage the placenta? Yes, including: other bacterial and viral infections, abruption of placenta, placenta previa, abdominal injury, physiological abnormalities, tobacco and alcohol, etc.
Therefore, if you do nothing, it is recommended that people living with HIV do not give birth. If you want to give birth, you must consult the hospital and make adequate interventions.
How to carry out mother-infant intervention
Then, mother-infant intervention is also called mother-infant interruption. What needs to be done for mother-infant interruption?
specifically includes:
reasonable drug treatment: taking antiviral drugs to control the virus content in the body and improve the level of immunity;
reasonable production method: choose caesarean section to avoid "maternal and infant blood transfusion";
reasonable breastfeeding method: after delivery Comprehensive intervention measures such as post-exposure prevention for infants.
From 2005 to 2009, Chinese researchers have done research on mother-to-child interruption in HIV-positive groups in Yunnan townships. Last produced 1Only 2 of the 93 infants tested positive for HIV (the positive rate was about 1%).
It should be noted that the effect of this HIV blockade is similar to that of developed countries.
Many people may think that 1% probability is also a probability, and there is also a risk of infection.
Perhaps for the spectator, the sentence "It's better not to give birth" can solve all problems. For doctors and patients, saving and surviving is the key.
At this time, for the pregnant mother, the unborn child in the pregnant mother's stomach, and the whole family behind, what sees is not the 1% risk of infection, but the 99% hope of success.
12.1 World AIDS Day, let’s speak up for Ai
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