Mars exploration is divided into Mars orbital exploration and landing on Mars exploration. The countries or regions around the world that have the ability to launch probes to Mars include the United States, Russia, European Space Agency, , China, Japan and India. Being capable does not mean you will succeed. For example, the , the Mars rover launched by Japan, failed to enter orbit.
Only three countries in the world have their own Mars rovers, China, the United States and Russia (Soviet). Only China and the United States can land Mars rovers on Mars and perform missions normally to perform Mars ground exploration. Russia's Mars rover uses a hard landing method. After landing on Mars, it has been destroyed by hurricane and has failed to successfully launch a Mars exploration mission.
can be imagined how difficult it is to realize Mars exploration!
History of the successful landing of human probe on Mars:
1. Pirate 1 (USA)
July 20, 1976 Pirate 1 became the first human probe to land on the surface of Mars and successfully send photos to Earth.
2. Pirate 2 (USA)
On September 3, 1976, Pirate 2 softly landed on the surface of Mars and jointly explored Mars with Pirate 1.
3. Mars Pathfinder (USA)
On July 4, 1997, the Mars Pathfinder successfully landed on the Ares Plain on Mars. This exploration clearly transmitted back the landform information of wastelands, hills, mountains, craters and other landforms on Mars.
4. Courage (USA)
On January 3, 2004, Courage landed on Mars, and continued to investigate 2,208 Mars day .
5. Opportunity (USA)
On January 25, 2004 Opportunity landed on Mars again. This investigation lasted for 14 years and is the longest mission-existing probe on the surface of an alien planet in human history.
6. Phoenix (USA)
On May 25, 2008, the Phoenix successfully landed on the North Pole of Mars, and the exploration lasted for more than 5 months.
7. Curiosity (USA)
On August 6, 2012, Curiosity successfully landed on Mars, mainly exploring whether there are water resources on Mars and whether there is an environment suitable for life.
8. Insight (USA)
On November 27, 2018, Insight successfully landed on Mars, mainly by listening to Mars' earthquake and measuring its heat output to study the internal structure of Mars.
9. Perseverance (USA)
On February 18, 2021, Perseverance successfully landed on the Jezero Crater on Mars. The main task is to collect rock samples, and plans to send the samples back to Earth for testing in 2030, as well as test other technologies.
10. Tianwen-1 (China)
On May 15, 2021, the "Zhurong" Mars rover and its landing combination carried by China's Mars rover "Tianwen-1" successfully landed in the pre-selected landing area in the southern pre-selected landing area of the Mars Utopian Plain. my country's first Mars exploration mission landed on Mars was a complete success. The detector is currently in good condition.
"Tianwen-1" Mars exploration mission is China's first real exploration of Mars. We look forward to Zhurong sending back more detection data.
Who will be the first country to land on Mars?
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