On October 13, the Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province issued an announcement, and the " Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Environmental Protection Regulations " was reviewed and approved. This is the first local regulations on the protection of dark night starry sky issued by our country.
Dark night is a natural state, a season and phenological phenomenon formed by the rotation of the earth. Of course, the earth also revolves around the sun. One rotation and one revolution form the day and night and four seasonal rhythms of the earth's environment. For millions of years, humans and organisms on Earth have evolved and survived in such an environment. Therefore, protecting the dark night is actually the first step to protecting the ecology and environment on which humans rely on.
Image source: CCTV News
An event can tell us why. Every year, thousands of sea turtle eggs hatch under the beach by the sea, and the small turtle will return to the sea that has lived and swam for generations. Although the road to the sea is only a short section as the beach, the road to the return is very bumpy. This process often encounters many natural enemies, such as various seabirds that specialize in eating small turtles.
Survival and the wisdom of survival taught the little turtles some methods, one was to throw a stone to ask for directions, and the other was to act at night. After they emerge from the shell, they crawl towards the direction of the horizon's bright light. Under the natural night, the light from the sea points them in the direction. However, various lighting in marine parks in some parts of the world and the flashing lights of disco have caused the turtle to go astray. After the turtle emerges from the shell, it craws in the wrong direction under the lure of the flashing park lights, and ends up either dying from dehydration or becoming a delicious dish for seabirds and wild dogs.
Not only do little sea turtles need dark nights, but a large number of animals on the earth rely on dark nights to survive, such as owls, pilos, nighthawk , rat women , horse land , wolf, squirrel , rats, etc. More and brighter human lights have caused their survival crisis, and it is also an ecological disaster caused by human light pollution.
Therefore, protecting the dark night and the starry sky is the first thing to do is to protect the ecology and environment. In April 2007, UNESCO , International Astronomical Federation and other institutions jointly held the first World "Starlight Conference", proposing that the dark night starry sky is a common and universal natural and cultural resource and heritage of mankind, and is an integral part of the ecological environment; the world needs to pay attention to dealing with the increasingly serious light pollution , so that the night environment on which all kinds of animals and plants rely for survival can be maintained, so that humans can observe and enjoy the charm of the starry sky for generations.
Of course, protecting the starry sky in the dark night also helps scientific research, that is, astronomy research, because observing and studying the starry sky requires dark night and no artificial lights. To protect the dark night sky, we must avoid humans from using too much light at night. Building a dark night reserve is a better way. In October 2014, the International Dark Night Association released the "Dark Night Reserve Project Guide", proposing that the Dark Night Reserve (DSR) is a public or private area with special or outstanding starry sky and night natural environment, and should be specifically protected.
Dark Night Protection Area consists of two parts: one is the core area, the sky quality and natural night should meet the minimum standards, and the other is the peripheral area or buffer area, which supports the dark night value of the core area and obtains equal benefits. The establishment of dark night reserves can promote ecological and starry sky tourism; promote the protection of night habitats, public sharing of night sky and its heritage, etc.
China has released the "Dark Night Conservation Area Project Standards", and in 2014, it established Tibet Ali Dark Night Park, namely the Dark Night Reserve. Now, Haixi Prefecture, Qinghai Province, has released my country's first local regulations on the protection of dark night starry sky, indicating that China's dark night protection actions are not only included in the agenda and reflected in the actions, but also have legal basis.
Qinghai Province Lenghu area is a good place with high altitude, vast territory, high atmospheric transparency, low cloud coverage and low temperature and humidity. The optical observation conditions are comparable to those of the world's first-class large observatory address, and are particularly suitable for layout of a world-class large observatory.When a world-class large observatory is established, it is necessary to use the dark night reserve to observe and study the starry sky in order to allow scientific research to proceed smoothly.
protects the dark night and maintains the natural law of alternating day and night. It not only allows humans to receive the care of dark night, but also allows other things that rely on the survival of the earth's day and night and the four seasons to have good living conditions. □Zhang Tiankan
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