Scientists from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and the Joint Institute of High Temperature of the Russian Academy of Sciences explain the unusual effects obtained by Indian colleagues in plasma dust systems. Experiments show that under certain conditions, macroscopic dust particles self-organize to form a unique structure that coexists with orderly and disorderly phases. This system can serve as an experimental test site for studying the properties of active substances.
uses computer simulation method to visualize the results of the interface calculation structure between ordered and disordered areas
Research results published in the journal Scientific Reports. plasma is an ionized gas, one of the four classic states of matter. This gas contains free electrons and ions - positive and negative ions. A plasma with the so-called condensed dispersed phase is a plasma in which additional micron-scale particles are also present.
These particles (called dust due to their size) are charged to very large charge values and interact with each other, just like the atom in classical matter. There are such dust systems in the technical devices of the Earth's ionosphere , space objects, chip etching and thermal nuclear fusion , and of course, laboratories.
Russian-Indian scientific team found that such a complex plasma system can exhibit the unique characteristics of active substances under certain conditions, in which micron-scale particles convert environmental energy into fluidity, thus becoming active.
"In the experiment, our Indian colleagues found that under certain conditions, macroscopic dust particles self-organize into a structure, ordered and disordered regions coexisting statically with each other, similar to the crystalline phase and liquid phase of matter. In turn, using theoretical methods, we were able to demonstrate that the cause of the discovery effect is that the dust particles in the plasma exhibit the properties of the so-called active matter and the ability to convert the energy of the surrounding plasma into energy. Our own motion.
This is due to the formal dissatisfaction of Newton's third law in the dust particle subsystem, despite the fact that in the whole system, in addition to the dust particles and the surrounding plasma particles, Newton's third law is Vladislav, co-author of the study. Nikolaev said.
a group of authors at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. From left to right: Daniil Kolotinsky, Alexey Timofeev, Vladislav Nikolaev
To simulate the experimental structure of micron particles in plasma, the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and JIHT RAS Employees using supercomputer methods can describe system ions and electrons at the macroscopic level of dust particles and at the microscopic level of plasma. As part of this multi-scale method implementation, a program code was written to run the calculations on high-performance computers using modern graphics accelerators. According to the researchers, to solve a seemingly simple problem of describing the dynamics of charged particles, the supercomputer and JIHT RAS at the Institute of Physics and Technology of Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology required weeks of continuous calculations. As a result, supercomputer modeling makes it possible to interpret the self-organizing effect of microparticle structures in plasma, where analogs of the interface between crystals and liquids in classical matter were observed in the system. The effect described by
" allows us to observe the stable coexistence of each phase in the non-equilibrium non-ideal system of dust particles. Unlike atomic systems, processes in such systems can be studied at a dynamic level, and because the distance between dust particles is very large, the system can even be seen with the naked eye. Phase transitions in plasmas with condensed and dispersed phases have been studied for about 30 years, however, in our work, the plasma-dust system was first experimentally created and theoretically explained in which dust particle systems in different regions exhibit varying degrees of research head and deputy head of the Moscow Institute’s “Computational Physics of Condensed Matter and Living Systems” project. JIHT RAS PhD and Associate Director of Research.
The results of this work are very important, according to the researchers, because they form the basis for the experimental testing field for the use of dust plasma as an experimental test site for studying the properties of active substances.The practical significance of this work is that the results obtained can be used to describe the behavior of charged particles in plasma of chip etching technology devices and to solve the problem of confining charged particles to various electrostatic wells. Configuration. This trap is actively used to capture ions, including when antimatter is produced.
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