Bamboo plants, as a special grass , have attracted much attention due to their special trait of rapid growth in the shoot stage. However, previous studies have focused on cell microstructure, transcription group, metabolome, proteome , Small RNA and new genes. As an important epigenetic modification, DNA methylation is mainly involved in transposon silencing and gene expression regulation, and plays an important regulatory role in plant growth and development. However, it is unclear whether DNA methylation affects the rapid growth of bamboo shoots.
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences The research team of Li Dezhu and Guo Zhenhua relied on the national major scientific and technological infrastructure "Southwest China Wildlife Germplasm Resource Bank" to represent the bamboo species with tropical woody bamboo branches Rue rue (Bonia amplexicaulis) As the research object, based on the previous genome sequencing research, we conducted research on the potential function of DNA methylation in the rapid growth of bamboo shoots. Through field observations and anatomical studies of tissue samples, scientific researchers divided the bamboo shoot growth into five stages (ST1 to ST5). ST1 is the growth latent period, ST2-ST4 are the three stages of rapid stem growth, namely the early, middle and late stages of rapid growth, and ST5 is the growth plateau stage. Based on this study, whole-genome DNA methylation sequencing and transcriptome sequencing were performed on Ruta rutae, and the whole-genome DNA methylation profile and gene expression profile of each development stage of the shoot stage were obtained. The study found that: (1) The CG and CHG methylation levels of rue bamboo stems in the rapid growth phase (ST2-ST4) were significantly lower than those in the latent phase (ST1) and plateau phase (ST5). This may be caused by the DNA demethylase ROS1 and DML3 high expression; (2) Changes in DNA methylation levels mainly occur in the gene body region and upstream and downstream regions of genes, and 23,647 differential methylation genes were identified between ST1 and the stem rapid growth stage (ST2-ST4). basalized regions (DMRs). These DMRs are mainly CG and CHG types, located in the intergenic region and the exon region; (3) Combined with the transcriptome analysis, it was found that DMR-related genes are enriched in auxin and JA signal transduction, etc. A pathway closely related to plant growth; (4) CHH methylation has nothing to do with the rapid growth of the stem, but is closely related to the development time of the stem through gradual accumulation in the TE region. This gradual accumulation of CHH methylation is closely related to RNA mediated DNA methylation pathway-related genes were associated with high expression, and approximately 100,000 TEs were identified whose methylation levels gradually increased over development time. This study reveals the importance of DNA methylation in regulating the rapid growth of bamboo shoots, and shows that DNA methylation is related to the development time or age of woody bamboo, providing a basis for analyzing the biological mechanism of rapid growth of bamboo plants in the shoot stage. New perspective.
Recently, relevant research results were published online on Planta under the title Single-base methylome analysis reveals dynamic changes of genome-wide DNA methylation associated with rapid stem growth of woody bamboos. The research work is supported by the Strategic Priority Science and Technology Project (Category B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Leading Talents Program, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Figure 1. Anatomical observations and sampling strategies at different growth stages of rue bamboo shoots. (a) Growth curve of internode of Ruta rue; (b) Sampling strategy of the 6th internode; (c) Transverse and longitudinal sections of ST1-ST5 tissues.
Figure 2. Genomic DNA methylation map of Ruta ruta. (a) CG, CHG and CHH methylation profiles and TE and gene densities of the top 12 scaffolds in the rue genome, indicating different developmental stages (ST1-ST5) from the outer ring to the inner ring; (b) ST1- Average methylation levels of CG, CHG and CHH sequences of ST5; (c) Relative proportions of CG, CHG and CHH sequences of ST1-ST5.
Source: Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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