This year's Nobel Prize in Medicine will go to whom?
Tianjin University TEDA Hospital Li Qing
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p7p p0 The time of the award. The list of winners of each award will be released from October 4th to 11th this year. Among them, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine will be awarded at 17:30 on October 04, 2021 Beijing time, and Sweden will be given at 17:30, Beijing time 11:30 on October 04.
is expected to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine this year among the scientists of the following five research projects:
1. Discovery of mRNA vaccines 1 1 _span1, Germany New Biotechnology Company) and Drew Weissman ( University of Pennsylvania).
used to think,The mRNA vaccine is not feasible, because the injection of mRNA will induce an unnecessary immune response, leading to immediate degradation of the mRNA. And the two scientists discovered around 2005 that replacing a molecule called uridine in mRNA with a similar molecule pseudouridine can avoid this immune response. Based on this research, the rapid development of an efficient new coronavirus mRNA vaccine becomes possible. In addition to providing important vaccine tools for the new crown pandemic, this innovative research has also contributed to the treatment and prevention of a series of different diseases.
On September 24, the Lasker Prize , known as the Nobel Prize vane, was announced. Among them, the clinical medical research award was awarded to two scientists.
The new crown epidemic is now prevalent, and at the same time there is the "blessing" of the Lasker Prize, so the chances of these two scientists winning the prize should be relatively high.
2, Optogenetics Research
Karl Alexander Deisseroth ( University of Stanford, Peterspan Heester, Germany, Stanford University, Peterspan, Homburg, Germany) Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Germany).
optogenetics have contributed to the identification of bacterial photogenetics and optogenetics.Further promote the rapid development of neuroscience .
The achievement of optogenetics last year was predicted to have a high probability of winning. The possible reason for not winning is the change caused by the epidemic. Just two days ago, the three scientists have just won the 2021 Lasker Prize for Basic Medicine, so the probability of these three scientists winning the Nobel Prize this year is also higher.
3. Discovery of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and their allosteric characteristics
Jean-Pierre Changeux, Professor Emeritus of Pasteur College in France, Kraft, University of California, San Diego International faculty member of the Institute of Brain and Mind Research (2012-2022).
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter (a messenger of nerve conduction), which participates in the signal conduction between nerves and between nerves and muscles by binding to its receptors.
Acetylcholine receptor includes two types: muscarinic receptors (M receptors) and nicotinic receptors (N receptors). Acetylcholine combines with the former to produce parasympathetic excitatory effects. Combined with the latter, it produces autonomic nerve excitement and skeletal muscle excitement.
Discovery of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors,It has made important contributions to the research of neuroreceptors, and laid a theoretical foundation for understanding and conquering Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's disease), myasthenia gravis and other neurological diseases.
4. Interleukin-6 and the discovery of its physiological and pathological effects , Professor Emeritus of Osaka University, Japan) and Tadamitsu Kishimoto (Professor of Immunomodulation Laboratory, WPI Frontier Research Center of Immunology, Osaka University, Japan).
Cell activity, participates in inflammatory response, etc. This research has made important contributions to the research and development of anticancer drugs, antiviral drugs, targeted drugs and other related drugs.
5, Hantavirus Discovery and Isolation Research
Karl M. Johnson (University of New Mexico, USA) and Professor Emeritus of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, USA汪 (Ho Wang Lee,Seoul, South Korea Korea University Honorary Professor, former Dean and Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Korea).
Epidemic hemorrhagic fever is also a type of acute nephrotic syndrome, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, which is also spread by severe renal syndrome, epidemic hemorrhagic fever If it is not treated in time, it is often caused by acute renal failure death, which has a high fatality rate and great harm. my country has legalized it as type B infectious disease , and its harm is second only to type A infectious disease plague and cholera .
In the early 1980s, two scientists discovered and successfully isolated the pathogen of epidemic hemorrhagic fever as Hantavirus. Since then, research on Hantavirus has achieved a lot of results, especially inactivation in recent years. The successful development of the vaccine has contributed to the effective prevention and control of epidemic hemorrhagic fever.
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Nobel Prize _span4 pspan1 span1 Nobel Prize _span4 pspan1 Refers to the five awards established in accordance with Nobel’s 1895 will, including: Physiology or Medicine Prize, Physics Prize, Chemistry Prize, Peace Prize and Literary Prize,Aims to commend those who "have made the greatest contribution to mankind" in physics, chemistry, peace, physiology or medicine, and literature. In 1901, the Nobel Prize was awarded for the first time. In 1968, the Swedish Central Bank added the Nobel Prize in Economics to recognize people who have made outstanding contributions in the field of economics. The Nobel Prize Selection Committee usually announces the winners in October each year. The award ceremony is held on December 10th, the anniversary of Nobel’s death each year, respectively in the Swedish capital Stockholm and the Norwegian capital Oslo by the king.
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