(Xiaochen 4x/photo)
There are no two people who are completely similar in the world, and even the same twins of are not exactly the same, but there are also many people with similar appearances in this world.
According to the World Population Outlook 2022, the global population is expected to reach 8 billion on November 15, 2022. It is easier to find people with similar appearances among brothers and sisters who are related, but it is difficult to find in the vast sea of nearly 8 billion people around the world. However, new research shows that in this world, except for kinship , everyone may find some people who look similar to themselves in the crowd (just like Marbury and Liang Qichao "like"), although it is impossible to be completely similar.
A recent study published by the University of Barcelona, Spain, showed that people who look very similar but have no blood relationship tend to have similar genes and behave similarly in terms of behavior and habits. The research team found and recruited 32 pairs of similar-looking people in real-world portrait photography through Canadian artist François Brunelle, who all looked like twins, but they weren't. Brunel has photographed more than 200 pairs of similar-looking twins who are not related to blood. The research team has selected only 32 pairs that look very similar. In addition to looking similar, the research team also used three different facial recognition methods to determine the "similarity" of characters to achieve objective and credibility of similarity evaluation standards, including custom deep convolutional neural network (Custom-Net), MatConvNet algorithm and Microsoftml4 Oxford Project face API.
Then, the researchers conducted a comprehensive biological characteristics and lifestyle questionnaire on these similar people and collected saliva from subjects to extract DNA for genomic analysis. These unrelated people live on continents around the globe, regardless of race and skin color. People with similar appearances have genes first. Due to their similar genes, their lifestyles and three views are also similar.
no blood-related similarities show similarity in multiple aspects of the gene.
Two people who are not related to blood look similar, mainly because of their similar appearance, and appearance is mainly reflected in the face. Similar people have similar facial characteristics genes. The single nucleotide polymorphism of human genes (SNP) determines not only the characteristics of each person, but also the similarities and differences in appearance. SNP is a DNA sequence polymorphism caused by changes in a single nucleotide on the genome, including conversion, jumping, and insertion and deletion of base . The study found that 158 genes affect appearance due to the diversity of SNP. These genes include both genes that determine appearance and genes related to body morphological characteristics, such as hip circumference, height, waist-to-hip ratio, cleft palate /cleft lip, eye color, baldness, hair loss, lip, forehead morphology, body mass index, bone mineral density and attached earlobes. These 32 people who are not related and similar in blood have similar facial characteristics genes.
In addition, at least half of people who are not related and similar in blood look like twins. By performing facial recognition model analysis on the photo images of identical twins and similar people from the Notre Dame Twin Database, it was found that 16 of the 32 pairs with similar appearances had similar similar scores similar to those of identical twins and were significantly higher than the similarity scores observed in random non-similar pairers.
Not only that, most people who are not related and similar in blood are also similar. Genome analysis of 16 pairs of highly similar people found that 9 pairs (56.2%) of the 16 pairs had similar genotypes and their blood ties were also widely distributed. Of the 16 similar pairs, 13 are of European descent, one is Hispanic, one is East Asian, and one is Central and South Asian. Although genetic inheritance is the main determinant of body shape and appearance similarity among human populations, 7 (54%) of the 13 similar white pairs did not gather genetically, suggesting that the non-blood-related similarities appear to be innate.
At the same time, the ancestors and kinship relationships of people with no blood relationship were traced back, and KING (a sample kinship identification tool) analysis was used to determine the kinship score. It was found that compared with identical twins, similar people had more similar kinship scores, which indicated that similar people had not strong kinship relationships. Only one of the 9 pairs with similar genotyping dates back to the past few hundred years ago with a common ancestor. In addition to genetic sequencing of people with no blood relationship,
also conducted independent questionnaires and physical examinations, such as measuring height and weight, investigating smoking and eating habits, education level, etc. The results showed that similar pairs were closer to the body shape and behavioral performance than those with non-similar pairs. This may again be determined by genetic similarity, which determines the similarity of the three views and behavioral patterns.
has a pair of similar people, Charlie Chaisen and Michael Malone, who were found to be very similar to twins because of some fate. Chaisen founded a band in Atlanta, USA. Malone went to Chaisen's band to seek a job in 1997, and was later hired and served as a guest singer. Their appearance is so similar that the audience thinks they are twins. But in fact, they are not just twins, they are even different in races.
Czeson's ancestors came from Lithuanian and Scotland , and Malone's parents came from Dominican Republic and Bahamas . Their acquaintance shows that due to the similar genes, their appearances and behaviors are also similar. If they weren't interested in music, the two wouldn't know each other. Moreover, Ma Long looks like himself, so Cai Sen hired Ma Long. As the saying goes, people are divided into groups, and birds of feathers gather together.
Finding non-blood-related similarities in the vast crowd is not just interesting, but is helpful for life science research and medical treatment. In blood donation and donation organs, if the appearance is similar, it means that the two may have a high degree of matching between blood type and organs. Of course, blood donation requires blood type check. Organ transplantation ultimately requires checking the surface antigen typing of human leukocytes (HLA) to determine whether it matches.
On the other hand, in work and life, if you choose to cooperate with people with similar appearances, you may be more successful. Because those with similar appearances have similar genes, their behavioral patterns and values may also be similar, and they are likely to become the best assistant. If the opposite sex looks similar, it is possible to become a partner.
This also reminds that if you look for your partner, you not only have to look at your personality, but also really look at your appearance. Appearance is not only beautiful, but also the similarity to yourself. Of course, the relationship between husband and wife is mainly shaped by their later shared lives, but when choosing a partner, we pay attention to similar appearances, which is more likely to be in love and harmonious with each other.
Zhang Tiankan
