High fever, razor blade throat, cement nose...
After Yang, these symptoms have been well known to everyone.
However, there is another symptom that requires vigilance.
Seek medical attention as soon as possible
to avoid life danger.
This is - allergy
Recently, Wang Siqin, director of the Allergy Department of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, discovered among the many -positive patients he received that in addition to common symptoms, some patients also developed patches of rashes on their bodies, itching and unbearable . The patients initially thought it was due to dry air in winter and frequent bathing, but it was actually due to allergies.
In addition, some patients with severe allergies may also experience facial redness and swelling, chest tightness, heart palpitations, angioedema, shortness of breath, and anaphylactic shock symptoms.
Wang Siqin said that this situation is a typical allergy symptom. The cause of sensitization may be caused by drugs . The rash is also called drug rash.
1. What is drug allergy?
After we use drugs, the drug-related adverse reactions that occur are divided into two types: : One reaction is a pharmacological side effect, closely related to the dosage of the drug, and is a predictable reaction.
Another reaction is also called drug hypersensitivity . Among them, drug hypersensitivity reactions that are clearly mediated by immunological mechanisms ( drug-specific antibodies or T cells) are called drug allergic reactions . This reaction is generally unpredictable and may even be life-threatening, requiring prompt medical attention. According to the immunological mechanism of onset, drug allergy can be divided into immediate type, cytotoxic type, immune complex type, delayed type, etc.
2. Symptoms after drug allergy
After drug allergy, the time when the symptoms appear and the duration of the reaction vary from person to person.
Fast ones can appear within a few seconds or minutes, slow ones only appear 1 hour after taking the medicine, and most of them appear about 30 minutes after taking the medicine.
In mild cases, skin rashes and drug fever adverse reactions may occur. In
severe cases, anaphylactic shock may occur. The severity of
symptoms is related to the amount of antigen entering, the entry route and the body's reactivity. According to statistics, anaphylactic shock is more likely to occur when injectable drugs are administered than when administered orally. Clinically, drug allergic reactions are divided into immediate reactions and delayed reactions.
When people with allergies encounter the new crown , please pay attention to the medication:
Du Wenjin, the attending physician of the Department of Allergy, reminds: When people with allergies encounter the new crown , they should be prepared. For common symptoms such as cough, sore throat, runny nose, and nasal congestion, loratadine, cetirizine, or budesonide nasal spray can be used to relieve uncomfortable symptoms. At the same time, it is recommended that such patients can use isotonic saline and perform nasal irrigation to relieve nasal discomfort.
For patients with fever, especially high fever, before using antipyretics and analgesics, full attention should be paid to hypersensitivity reactions induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
There are many types of clinically common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including: aspirin, sodium salicylate, metamizole, phenylbutazone, acetaminophen , indomethacin, ibuprofen , celecoxib , etc.
The incidence of hypersensitivity reactions induced by NSAIDs in the general population is 0.5% to 1.9%, while 4.3% to 11% of asthma patients may develop hypersensitivity reactions after using NSAIDs. Among patients with asthma and nasal polyps , the incidence of aspirin-induced hypersensitivity reactions can be as high as 25.6%. For a small number of patients with severe respiratory symptoms, symptoms such as flushing, abdominal pain, diarrhea and hypotension may occur 30 minutes to 3 hours after administration.
In addition, concomitant hypersensitivity to NSAIDs is a high-risk factor for severe asthma, and the risk of fatal asthma is much higher than that of asthmatic patients without NSAID hypersensitivity.
In the general population, the incidence of skin symptoms caused by NSAID hypersensitivity is 0.3%. For patients with chronic urticaria, taking aspirin and other NSAIDs may aggravate wheals and angioedema. Such adverse reactions usually appear 30 to 90 minutes after administration.
Therefore, patients with a history of allergy must read the drug instructions in detail before using such drugs in clinical practice, and strictly avoid the use of related drugs.
Wang Siqin
Chief physician, professor, Director of the Allergy Department of Henan Provincial People's Hospital. Henan's eighth batch of cadre talents to aid Xinjiang. During the period of aid to Xinjiang, he also served as the deputy director of the Xinjiang Hami Regional Central Hospital. He has been engaged in medical teaching and research on respiratory diseases for a long time. Committed to researching the diagnosis and treatment of diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and allergic diseases. Participated in 5 national research projects on pulmonary fibrosis . Published more than 40 articles at provincial level or above and 2 SCI articles. There are 4 scientific research results at department level or above and 2 provincial-level projects. Obtained one national patent and two monographs.
Consultation time : Monday, Thursday, Saturday
Du Wenjin
attending physician, member and secretary of the Allergy Prevention and Control Professional Committee of the Henan Association of Preventive Medicine. He specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, urticaria, angioedema, eczema, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, drug allergy and other allergic diseases.
Clinic time : All day on Sunday
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