When the water temperature in a lake is only 15℃, can the fish inside survive? Xinjiang's Sailimu Lake is the largest cold water lake in my country. Its mountain lake water quality is clear, but it is a barren land where no grass grows. As early as 1968, no fish could survive here. The government racked its brains to try to introduce various species and eventually returned in vain. It was not until the cold water queen from Russia made a brilliant debut that Sailimu Lake regained its vitality.
The Last Tears of the Atlantic Ocean
Sailimu Lake is located in the North Tianshan Mountains in Bole City, Bortala Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang. The lake area is 453 square kilometers. Because it is the last place where the Atlantic warm current reaches, it is also called the Last Tears of the Atlantic Ocean.
The water is clear and there is no fish. In a sense, this is very consistent with the situation of Sailimu Lake. The scenery of Sailimu Lake twenty years ago was pleasant and the lake water was very clear. It is said that the clearness of the lake water can reach 12 meters at a glance. But there are no fish in the lake. Why is this?
First of all, Sailimu Lake is a genuine stagnant lake, which is almost isolated from the outside world. The lake water comes from the melting snow water in the mountains. The snow water melts and converges into the lake, and there is no impurities in the middle, so the entire water quality is clear and bright. But at the same time, the snow water temperature is extremely low, the lake water is too pure, lacking the conditions for the reproduction of microorganisms in , and the Sailimu Lake is too high and has low oxygen content. Various factors make fish not suitable for survival here, and it is almost impossible.
Without fishery, local people can only rely on their economy on animal husbandry. Due to people's uncontrollable grazing, they have caused immeasurable damage to the natural environment. The vegetation content on the ground has dropped by two-thirds, which directly leads to severe desertification around Sailimu Lake and a large reduction in the wetland area. If timely governance is not carried out, the subsequent tear of the Atlantic Ocean may become a historical masterpiece.
How to save Sailimu Lake is the only way to transform the economic source of local people from animal husbandry to fishery, which requires full development of Sailimu Lake. In the 1970s, researchers introduced crucian carp for small-scale breeding. As a result, the survival rate of crucian carp is quite high, but due to the low water temperature, it is still unable to lay eggs, and eventually it can only return without success.
It is important to know that the water temperature in Sailimu Lake is only around 15℃ at its highest peak. In order to achieve stable and efficient yields under such harsh environmental conditions, we still need to constantly try and make mistakes and seek the possibility of breakthroughs from other fish.
In the 1980s, experts continuously introduced up to 14 different fish such as high-body Yaluo fish, lake carp , river perch , Xinjiang plateau loach and so on. After a decade of observation of a total of 20 million fish species, experts unwilling to announce the failure of introduction. These fish in were either unable to survive in Sailimu Lake at all, had extremely low survival, or had slow growth and could not be mass-produced on a large scale, and in the end they were in vain.
By drawing experience from failure, experts unanimously concluded that only cold-water fish can survive in Sailimu Lake. So the experts began to select from the fish world at home and abroad. Finally, after field investigation and discussion, a fish from Russia came into the expert's eye line.
The high whitefish was conquered by the Soviet Union as early as the 1950s. It has delicious meat and rich fat content. It also feeds on plankton. The most important thing is that it adapts to junior high school and has the ability to withstand low temperatures. was widely transplanted during the Soviet period, and this kind of fish leaped in more than 2250 lakes in Siberia.
Cold water queen Gao Baishi
In 1998, my country introduced a large number of 1 million high whitefish eggs from Russia. Experts successfully obtained 630,000 high whitefish juvenile fish through artificial cultivation, and 560,000 of them were placed in Sailimu Lake. Chinese scientific researchers have high hopes for high whitefish.
The growth path of the juvenile squash can be described as extremely dangerous. Being placed in Sailimu Lake is just the initial beginning. Its growth path can be divided into three stages.
The first part of the growth of young fish is the hatching workshop. When they grow to about one centimeter, they will be placed in the temporary pond. There are many salivating predators beside the temporary pond. Faced with these vicious enemies, only half of them can survive at most.
After two long months, the juvenile halves of high whitefish will travel to Sailimu Lake, which is also the second stage of their growth. Because Sailimu Lake has very low oxygen content, in order to reduce the mortality rate of young fish after they come out of the water, workers will not slap the water surface to increase the oxygen content in the water. After the workers quickly transport the juvenile fish to the destination, they must carefully measure the water temperature and temperature difference and carefully control the temperature difference to within 0.4℃ so as not to affect the juvenile fish. Only when this condition is met can it be put on.
The third stage is to grow quietly in the lake water, because Sailimu Lake is cold and biting. The growth rate of young fish will be very slow under the nourishment of this water quality. Usually, it will only grow to about 2 kilograms in 2.3 years. However, the so-called slow work produces fine work. The meat of high whitefish in adulthood is delicious and expensive.
After introducing high whitefish seedlings to Russia, experts conducted a two-year follow-up observation. The results of showed that the average weight of these seedlings reached 540 grams in one and a half years. The result of made many people overjoyed. People saw the hope of Sailimu Lake from the sea of bitterness from the high whitefish!
The effective high whitefish project in 2000 attracted the attention of the local government. The government spent 3.4 million to build a 6.6 hectares breeding base specifically for artificial breeding of high whitefish. Currently, the annual production capacity of this breeding base is 1.2 fish eggs. Including the survival rate and fishing rate, it can recover about 5,000 tons of adult fish each year. According to the high market price of high whitefish, this is a worry-free and profitable transaction.
A adult high whitefish can be sold for thousands of yuan in high-end restaurants in Beijing and Xi'an, and even in the place of origin, it can be sold for 168 yuan per catty. The reason why high whitefish is so expensive is not only because it is rare and expensive, but also closely related to its own high quality.
High whitefish meat is strong, delicious but not fishy, with few bone spurs and high fat, and the meat is as tender as tofu . People who have tasted it praised, "This fish should only be found in the sky, and you have become an immortal after eating half a spoon." high whitefish is rich in vitamin E, protein, unsaturated fatty acids and amino acid are far superior to other fish. high whitefish will emit a fragrance even after death, so it has also won the title of "net fragrance" locally.
From birth to fishing, the growth of high white salmon has consumed the hard work of countless scientific researchers. It dies when it comes out of water, and the meat quality will be greatly reduced every minute, so the transportation of high white salmon has also become a problem.
In fact, the experts introduced the new species of high whitefish back then and there was also careful consideration. You should know that in the 1990s, the transplantation of silverfish was once popular. Although the widespread application of silverfish brought considerable income to many places across the country, it also triggered a serious ecological crisis.
Although silverfish is easy to transplant and the market response is enthusiastic, it cannot help but likes to use the eggs of other fish as food. Basically, where silverfish is flooded, other fish are on the verge of extinction. Dianchi and Erhai have successively brought this fish on the blacklist, but the silverfish problem has not been properly resolved.
Fortunately, although Gao Baishi has strict requirements on the living environment, it only feeds on plankton like the domestic species of turtlefish, so we have no need to worry about the reappearance of the tragedy of silverfish. The invasion of species in is even more nonsense.
Those who have ambition will succeed, and any efforts will be rewarded. In order to let the people of the whole country taste the delicious food of high whitefish, Saihu Fishery Co., Ltd. diversified the development of high whitefish product chain and opened up various products such as fish sauce, fish roe sauce, , high whitefish hamburger, fish roe egg tarts, etc. sold to China, and abroad, and received widespread praise. The local economic value has also risen all the way. The environmental problems of Sailimu Lake have also been perfectly solved!
. my country has been working hard for the friendship and harmony between man and the natural environment. Although the high whitefish that has come from afar has brought us huge obstacles, it has been silently feeding people in recent years, giving Sailimu Lake a vibrant and prosperous life.
Author: Tianyu Proofreader: Chuanchuan
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