TE3 diesel locomotive
dragon diesel locomotive
VL-60 electric locomotive
6Y1 electric locomotive
However, since 1960, the relationship between the two parties and the two countries gradually deteriorated; in the 1970s, the relationship between the two countries was basically in a " Cold War " situation of rigidity and confrontation. However, since the 1980s, the international situation has changed again. The Soviet Union attacked everywhere in the 1970s, spending huge national strength. In addition, the Soviet Union's own economic structure imbalance (one-sidedly concentrated in heavy industry, especially military industry, and the level of light industry development is weak), which has led to the Soviet Union gradually showing a decline.
At the same time, China won the self-defense counterattack against the Vietnam border, severely hit Vietnam, the Soviet Union's "little brother" in Southeast Asia and thwarted the Soviet Union's "going south" strategy, making the Soviet leader Brezhnev (Tongliao Khan
"You Di Xunzong" Brezhnev
Andropov
Andropov
goodwill for "Xunzong", China responded positively that China and the Soviet Union began restarting economic and trade consultations in January 1982. After Brezhnev died on November 10, 1982, his successor Andropov (Tongliao Khan
Chernenko
July 1985, the newly-employed Soviet leader Gorbachev (Tongliao Khan
Gorbachev
According to The agreement stipulates that the two parties have signed a protocol for exchange and payment every year, stipulating that the trade volume of the two parties will reach 12 billion rubles per year from 1986 to 1990, and will be carried out in barter to avoid the "tolls" of the US dollar system.
The Soviet Union will export electric locomotives , railway truck , car html ml6, aircraft , power equipment and other commodities (Tiu-154 passenger aircraft, Il-86 passenger aircraft, and Lada brand cars also entered China during the same period), while China exported food and light industrial products to the Soviet Union for exchange.
At this time, China's national economy developed rapidly and demand for coal surged. The main way to transport coal from Shanxi, a major coal-producing province, is to transport it through railways, and Shitai Railway and Beitongpu Railway are the two main arteries of "Shenzhen coal transportation". These two railway lines have completed electrification transformation, and the Beitongpu Railway is undergoing electrification transformation, which is expected to be completed in the late 1980s. The Taiyuan North Locomotive Section of Beijing Railway Bureau, which undertakes the main traction task of "Shenzhen coal transportation" trains, is also undergoing electrification process and is facing a serious shortage of electric locomotives that can be used:
Shaoshan Type 1 electric locomotive traction Insufficient capacity, it cannot pull heavy-load coal trains, and the traction efficiency is not high; Shaoshan 3 electric locomotive can pull heavy-load trains under dual-machine reconnection, but due to the geometric increase of the failure rate of the traction motor under heavy-duty state, the breakdown rate of Shaoshan 3 electric locomotive has remained high during this period, seriously affecting the attendance rate (this problem was not completely solved until the early 1990s).
Shaoshan 1 electric locomotive
Shaoshan 3 electric locomotive
Therefore, Beijing Railway Bureau applied to Ministry of Railways to equip Taiyuan North Locomotive Depot with a batch of reliable high-power electric locomotives.
So the Ministry of Railways decided to use the trade agreement signed with the Soviet Union to introduce a batch of Soviet-made electric locomotives for the Beijing Railway Bureau by bartering. Therefore, in 1 In August 985, China Railway Locomotives and Vehicles Industry Corporation sent a technical conditions negotiation delegation to the Soviet Union and conducted preliminary negotiations with Quansu Power Machinery Import and Export Company, Novocherk Electric Locomotive Factory and Quansu Electric Locomotive Research and Design Institute on the technical conditions for China to introduce a batch of electric locomotives from the Soviet Union. China's requirements for the new electric locomotives are very simple: they have strong traction, strong and durable, and they are indeed not wrong to find the Soviets.
In March 1986, the Institute of Quansu Electric Locomotive Research and Design, based on the VL-80 electric locomotives that began mass production in 1979, combined with the technologies of some VL-85 electric locomotives that began production in 1985, and combined with the requirements of China to adapt to China Railway , a new electric locomotive design plan was submitted to China.
VL-80 electric locomotive
VL-85 electric locomotive
China expressed satisfaction with the new plan and frozen the design plan in May 1986. Subsequently, the China Railway Locomotives Industry Corporation and the Quansu Power Machinery Import and Export Company signed a manufacturing contract for 100 electric locomotives, and the Novocherkkask Electric Locomotive Factory was responsible for the locomotive manufacturing work, and the Chinese side used non-staple food canned food and clothing to pay the payment for the goods. The new locomotive is named 8G electric locomotive according to the specifications of China Railway. "8" represents the eight-axis, and "G" represents the silicon semiconductor rectification. Locomotive numbers range from 8G-001 to 8G-100.
According to the contract, the Novocherkkask electric locomotive factory must deliver the first locomotive by the end of December 1987, and all 100 locomotives must be delivered before the end of 1990. The contract includes a 3-year warranty and a 10-year free spare parts supply clause.
is an 8-axis high-power trunk freight electric locomotive for dual-machine reconnection . The overall structure of the 8G electric locomotive is basically the same as that of the VL-80 electric locomotive, but the appearance and overall layout of the VL-85 electric locomotive are adopted in the appearance of the vehicle body, which can be understood as a VL-80 locomotive with a VL-85 shell. Each group of locomotives is composed of two identical four-axle locomotives connected through the intermediate hook and the windshield, and is connected by the intermediate corridor. Each locomotive is a complete system, and can also be operated independently in a single locomotive unit. When the two locomotives are connected, the driver can control the locomotive in either end of the driver's room. There are reconnection devices on both ends of the locomotive, and reconnection operations can be performed by two identical locomotives.
8G type electric locomotive driver room
is a type of AC- DC power transmission electric locomotive. The main circuit of the 8G type electric locomotive uses a double-shoot bridge rectifier circuit composed of high-power diodes. The secondary side traction winding is divided into two groups, and each group of positive and negative half waves supplies power to the two groups of loads through the rectification device respectively; low-voltage side switch voltage regulation and mid-point tap rectification are adopted. The voltage regulation of the voltage terminal of the traction motor is achieved by connecting or disconnecting the voltage regulation winding in segments; the locomotive adopts asymmetric voltage regulation method, and the voltage regulation circuit is equipped with a three-stage magnetic field weakening, which effectively improves the running speed of the locomotive while maintaining high reliability. The walking part of the
8G type electric locomotive is four two-axis bogie , one series suspension is steel leaf spring and coil spring , and the second series hang is a swing boom elastic suspension device. Each bogie is equipped with two НБ-515 six-pole series excitation pulse flow traction motors ( traction motor continuous power 800 kilowatt , hourly power 830 kilowatts, rated voltage 1020 volts) . The same bogie parallel are respectively powered by their respective silicon rectifier devices, and the components are centralized power supply.
8G electric locomotive bogie drawings
8G electric locomotive each locomotive is equipped with the same air compressor , each driving a Kazancev automatic air brake, and it also has the functions of resistive braking and air brake . When the resistive braking fails, it can also automatically turn to air braking, effectively improving the safety and safety of the braking process. The above are all designs that have been proven to be very reliable after years of operation of VL-80 electric locomotives, which are long-tested and become stronger over time.
On December 26, 1987, the first 8G electric locomotive, No. 8G-001 (composed of two locomotives 8G-001A and 8G-001B), was shipped from the Novocherkkask electric locomotive factory. After one week of testing, it fully complies with the requirements put forward by China and showed extremely high reliability in harsh environments.
Brand new 8G-001 vehicle (taking 8G-001B vehicle as the shooting point)
Second view of 8G electric locomotive drawn by the factory director
In January 1988, the vehicle arrived in China through the Horgos Port in Xinjiang (pulled by a locomotive from the Soviet Union). After passing the traction test via the Beijing Ring Railway, it was received by the Taiyuan North Electric Locomotive Section of the Beijing Railway Bureau. By January 1991, the last 8G-100 vehicle was received.
The 8G-100 locomotive
When the first locomotives arrived, the electrification transformation of the Beitongpu Railway had not been completed, so the first 60 locomotives were given priority to be put into operation on the Shitai Railway, and the next 40 locomotives were put into operation on the Beitongpu Railway. But this is not a rigid arrangement. In fact, every 8G electric locomotive is leading freight trains to speed by on two railway lines. is responsible for the traction task of traction of the heavy-load coal train of "Shenzhen Coal Transportation", and has become the main force of the Shitai and Beitongpu Railways in the past twenty years. Among them, the locomotive No. 8G-025 was named "Youth No.".
8G electric locomotives put into operation
8G-020 locomotives at the completion of the opening ceremony of the electrification and transformation of Beitongpu Railway
8G-025 "Youth No."
8G electric locomotive model
and After a period of use, the 8G-014 car
, which is in the same frame in Shaoshan 1, has long been used. China believes that the 8G electric locomotive has largely retained the traditional technology of the Soviet electric locomotive. For example, the voltage regulation circuit still uses low-voltage side voltage regulation switch, step-by-step voltage regulation, transition reactor level conversion, etc. The overall technical level of the 1970s is still stuck in the 8K electric locomotive introduced from France and the 6K electric locomotive introduced from Japan is one generation behind.
8K electric locomotive
6K electric locomotive
However, thanks to its super strong industrial integration capabilities, it is the specialty of the Soviet Union's "big brother". Therefore, the 8G electric locomotive showed extremely high reliability during its use, and basically no problems or faults worth mentioning, and they performed smoothly. The overall evaluation of the 8G electric locomotive by relevant departments is even much higher than that of the Shaoshan 4 electric locomotive , which used , which was advanced in , and was one generation ahead of 8G.
Shaoshan 4-type electric locomotive
In 2003, 20 8G electric locomotives were transferred from Taiyuan North Locomotive Depot to Shijiazhuang Electric Locomotive Depot, but they are still used on Shitai Line. However, because the Shijiazhuang Electric Locomotive Depot has no experience in maintaining 8G electric locomotives, the 8G-001 and 8G-004 locomotives were scrapped in advance due to poor maintenance. The remaining 18 locomotives returned to the Taiyuan North Locomotive Depot in early 2005.
scrapped 8G-001 car
In March 2005, the Taiyuan Railway Branch of Beijing Railway Bureau and the Datong Railway Branch of Beijing Railway Bureau were demarcated from the Beijing Railway Bureau to establish a new Taiyuan Railway Bureau. In August 2009, the Taiyuan North Locomotive Depot was abolished and the entire system was transferred to the Taiyuan Locomotive Depot. Therefore, all 8G locomotives that are still in operation are assigned to the Taiyuan Locomotive Depot.
8G electric locomotives belonging to Taiyuan Locomotive Depot
In early 2011, 35 8G electric locomotives were put into the newly opened Taizhong Bank Railway to take on the traction task of the freight train, and also installed the fashionable train comprehensive wireless dispatching communication device , which was a "trend" in his twilight years. In addition, with the electrification transformation of the Nantongpu Railway Yuci to Houmabei section completed, 35 8G electric locomotives were transferred to the Houmabei Locomotive Section (the locomotive section repairs still have to return to the Taiyuan Locomotive Section to implement), and they were responsible for the 31 pairs of freight trains between Houma North to Taiyuan North. The other 8G electric locomotives also undertake the traction tasks of coal transport trains on coal transport branches such as Tailan Railway and Xishan Railway.
Locomotive No. 8G-096 locomotive belonging to Houma North Locomotive Depot
After 2005, Novo Cherkask Electric Locomotive Factory stopped supporting spare parts for 8G electric locomotives. Therefore, during the subsequent overhaul of the 8G electric locomotive, the 8G electric locomotive used domestic accessories to replace the relevant parts and spare parts on the car that were discontinued: for example, the Kazanchev air brake was replaced with the domestic DK-1 electric air brake used by Shaoshan 4 electric locomotives. In addition, equipment such as electric air brake controller, vacuum circuit breaker , air compressor, control power cabinet, pantograph , speedometer and other equipment have been replaced by mature products of the domestic "Shaoshan" series electric locomotive , which has extended a life for the 8G locomotive that has lost its mother's home.
8G electric locomotive in twilight years
With the continuous use of the new "Shaoshan" series of electric locomotives, the 8G electric locomotive has retired since 2012. The first ones retired were the 8G-002 vehicle that belonged to the Taiyuan North Electric Locomotive Depot, Shijiazhuang Electric Locomotive Depot, Houma Locomotive Depot, was sent to the Beijing Railway Museum for preservation and car No. ND4-015 in December 2012.
locomotive No. 8G-002 located in the China Railway Museum, accompanied by ND4-15 car
In 2014, all 8G electric locomotives left the trunk line. Among them, , which was once equipped with the 8G-076 car belonging to the Taiyuan North Locomotive Depot and Houma Locomotive Depot, was stored in the north court of Taiyuan Railway Bureau for display, and was accompanied by the 8K-091 car face-to-face. The 8G-097 vehicle that was once equipped with Taiyuan North Locomotive Depot and Houma Locomotive Depot was stored in the Yuci Locomotive Depot of Taiyuan Railway Bureau as a vehicle for the rescue team drill.
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 At this moment, their "relatives" - VL-80 and VL-85 locomotives were reluctant to continue to serve over-age on the railway line of the former Soviet republic (of course, after large-scale renovation and life-extending transformation).
8G electric motorcycle that was scrapped and waiting to be dismantled
"Not everyone understands and supports our construction. But it cannot deny its greatness. Our warriors, sacred faith, will never be erased!" —— " Forward, Davarishi "
Big brother, rest with peace of mind, we will continue to walk the road you have not finished.
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