" New Tang Book " records that Tang Taizong Li Shimin had 21 daughters, of which, the one who married Du Ruhui second son Du He is the 16th daughter - Chengyang Princess .
Princess Chengyang, married Du He.
——"New Book of Tang·Biography Volume 8"
However, Princess Chengyang did not grow old with Du He.
Du He died abnormally, and he died quite early. Later, Princess Chengyang remarried to Xue Guan . The princess and Xue Guan gave birth to three sons, among which their third son is the famous Xue Shao - the first husband of Princess Taiping .
So, is Princess Chengyang’s life considered happy?
01
"New Book of Tang" only clearly records that Emperor Taizong of Tang's daughter Princess Changle , Princess Jinyang , Princess Xincheng , were born to Empress Changsun . For Princess Chengyang , there is no record of who her biological mother is, so that some people think that Princess Chengyang is a concubine. However, in " volumes of the Yuangui ", " Biography of the Song Dynasty Monk ", and "Biography of the New Study of the Six Learners Monks", it is mentioned that Princess Chengyang is the same mother sister of Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty.
(Chengyang) The princess emperor appeared together.
——"Cefu Yuangui·Volume 47"
(Chengyang) Princess is the same mother sister as Emperor Gaozong.
——"Biographies of the Great Monks of Song Dynasty·Volume 24"
Princess Chengyang is the same mother sister as Emperor Gaozong.
——"New Study of Six Biography of Monks, Volume 20"
What is the name of Princess Chengyang? It has not been passed down. According to Princess Changle's name Li Lizhi (see "Epitaph of the Old Princess Changle of the Tang Dynasty"), Emperor Taizong of Tang and Empress Changsun must have given a very good name for Princess Chengyang.
Princess Chengyang was born in the year of the year, and there is no record in historical materials. Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty, Li Zhi, was born on June 15, 628. Since Princess Chengyang was Li Zhi's sister, her birth year should be in the third year of Zhenguan (629). Du He, the first son-in-law of Princess Chengyang, died in the 17th year of Zhenguan (643). Referring to Princess Changle's marriage at the age of 13 (empty) and assuming that Princess Chengyang also married at the age of 13 (empty) and then Princess Chengyang's birth year would not be later than the fifth year of Zhenguan (631). Therefore, Princess Chengyang should have been born in from the third year of Zhenguan (629) to the fifth year of Zhenguan (631) .
In March of the fourth year of Zhenguan (630), Du Ruhui, who was the Shangshu Youpushe and Duke Cai, died of illness at the age of 46 (empty). When Emperor Taizong of Tang was still the King of Qin , Du Ruhui followed him and participated in planning the transformation of the Xuanwu Gate in . Du Ruhui's death made Emperor Taizong of Tang very sad. He deliberately stopped court for three days and posthumously awarded Du Ruhui as Sikong and Duke Lai.
(Du Ruhui) died at the age of 46. Emperor Taizong cried so much that he abolished the court for three days and gave it to Sikong. He was transferred to Duke Lai and was named Cheng.
——"Old Book of Tang·Biography Volume 16"
After Du Ruhui's death, his sons were also very well taken care of by Emperor Taizong of Tang. Du Ruhui's eldest son Du Gou inherited Du Ruhui's title, while Du Ruhui's second son Du He married Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, Princess Chengyang, and became the son-in-law of the son-in-law. He was awarded the title of "Duke of Xiangyang County" and was also given the official position of "Shang Cheng Fengyu".
At the beginning, (Du) He was awarded the title of Princess Shang Chengyang as his heroic minister, and was awarded the title of Duke of Xiangyang 4 County and was awarded the title of Duke of Shang Cheng to the Imperial Palace.
——"Old Book of Tang·Biography Volume 16"
Although Du He married a princess, he did not want to make a living by relying on the identity of the prince consort. However, he wanted to rely on supporting the crown prince and gain a place in the court. Therefore, he helped the crown prince Li Chengqian to plan how to seize the throne as soon as possible. But unfortunately, Du He is not as lucky as Du Ruhui.
In the 17th year of Zhenguan (643), King Li You of Qi (the fifth son of Emperor Taizong of Tang) rebelled in Qizhou.When liquidating Li You's party members, Prince Li Chengqin's escort Hegan (hé gàn), was arrested and imprisoned because he was found to have conspired with Li You. In order to make meritorious contributions, the Crown Prince Li Chengqian had already planned to lead troops into the palace and carry out a coup with Li Yuanchang (the half-brother of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty Li Shimin), the Minister of War, Hou Junji, and others.
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——"Old Book of Tang·Biography Volume 26"
Although Li Chengqian himself was spared from his death and was deposed as a commoner and moved to Qianzhou , Li Chengqian's accomplices were all executed, including Du He, the son-in-law of Princess Chengyang.
In Zhenguan, (Du He) and the prince Chengqian rebelled and were killed.
——"Old Book of Tang·Biography Volume 16"
Du He's affairs did not involve Princess Chengyang. The princess of the Tang Dynasty can remarry after the death of her son-in-law. So, Emperor Taizong of Tang found another husband for his daughter Princess Chengyang, who was Xue Guan .
Xue Guan, born in the Xue family of Hedong (Fenyin), his grandfather Xue Dechong and his father Xue Huaiyu both served as the governors of the three states and were also named Hedong Duke.
Historical books record that before Emperor Taizong of Tang held a wedding for Princess Chengyang, he found someone to do a fortune for him. The hexagram said: The princess and the prince consort had a good life at the beginning, but the ending was not very good. If he wanted to break this situation, he had to get married during the day.
Taizong ordered him to divine it, and the divine man said: Both fires eat, and they will be prosperous at the beginning, and they will be both wet at the end. If you perform the ritual of combining the rituals on the day and day, it will be auspicious at the end.
——"Tang Huiyao·Volume 6"
Princess Chengyang's first marriage was sad. Emperor Taizong of Tang didn't want his daughter's second marriage to be sad, so he wanted to follow the results of divination and hold a wedding for Princess Chengyang during the day. But Minister Ma Zhou , opposed doing so. Ma Zhou persuaded Emperor Taizong of Tang: It was certainly reasonable for the ancients to arrange weddings when night fell and they should not be changed at will. Moreover, divination is mostly used to solve doubts, not to blaspheme ethics or to destroy the rules of conduct. Emperor Taizong of Tang still listened to the advice of the ministers, so he held a wedding for Princess Chengyang at night.
Wedding at night, I miss blind dates. Therefore, there is success at the top and bottom, internal and external rules, and there is time to move and rest, and there is good or bad luck. The teachings of the previous kings cannot be sluggish. Now Your Majesty wants to plan the beginning, but he can't do it. Those who divine divination will definitely be suspected. If the rituals are in chaos, they will not be used by the previous kings. The emperor follows his words.
——"Tang Huiyao·Volume 6"
However, later facts proved that the divination about Princess Chengyang's marriage was quite accurate.
02
Linde In the early years, Princess Chengyang was demoted to Fangzhou with her husband Xue Guan because of her witchcraft skills. Moreover, the couple never returned to the capital until they died.
Lindechu, Guanli General Fengchen Guard, the commander of witchcraft, was a lieutenant, and was a governor of Fangzhou, and was the commander of the subordinate.
——"New Book of Tang·Biography Volume 8"
wizard and prayer skills were a serious crime in ancient times. Whether it was true or wronged, if it was involved, there would be no good results.
Like the first queen of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, Wang, because she was reported, she and her mother, Liu's , which accelerated her process of being deposed as the queen.
fears to be at peace, and secretly asks his mother Liu to pray to to win .
——"Old Book of Tang·Biography Volume 1"
However, Emperor Gaozong of Tang did not directly punish Princess Chengyang, but demoted her husband to Fangzhou as the governor.
As mentioned above, the sisters of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, the only sisters of the mother of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, the only four are Princess Changle, the Princess Chengyang, the , the Princess Jinyang, and the Princess Xincheng, these four.Princess Changle died as early as the 17th year of Zhenguan (643); Princess Jinyang died young at the age of 12 (emphasis); Princess Xincheng also died of illness in the third year of Longshuo (663), so in the first year of Linde (664), Princess Chengyang was the only sister of Emperor Gaozong of Tang who was still alive in the world.
Compared with the prosperous capital, Fangzhou is naturally not a good place. Moreover, Fangzhou is a well-known "exile destination". Usually, the princess does not have to follow him when she is released from office, but the history books clearly state that Princess Chengyang went to the place where she was demoted with her husband. Perhaps, this is the disguised punishment made by Emperor Gaozong of Tang to Princess Chengyang, or perhaps it is because Princess Chengyang has a good relationship with her husband and she voluntarily wants to be with her husband.
Strangely, why Princess Chengyang performed witches in the early years of Linde, and why did she perform witches and prayers? It is not recorded in history books.
The first year of Linde was 664 AD. Just two years ago, that is, , the second year of Longshuo, (662), Princess Chengyang fell seriously ill and no medicine was effective. When there was no way out, a monk named Farang was invited to treat the princess because he could use Buddhist mantras to cure diseases, and it was said that the effect was good. Two or three days later, Princess Chengyang was really healed. In order to thank Farang for saving his life, the princess reported to Emperor Gaozong of Tang to rename the original Inspiration Temple "Guanyin Temple" to allow Farang to live. This Guanyin Temple is the later " Qinglong Temple ".
In the second year of Longshuo, Princess Chengyang was sick and Shen Dushang provided medicine for treatment, and everything was done. The princess is the same mother and sister as Emperor Gaozong, and she has great friendship. When Du Ruhui's son He surrendered, he would go to Xue Guan again after he died. After illness, he will be confused and will be confused. He can recite secret mantras and will suffer from illnesses (chōu, he will recover from illness). When he summoned Lang, he set up an altar to recite it, and believed in his life and enjoyed the wealth of wealth. His money, silk and treasures were the right one. When he was in front of him, the princess asked to change the temple's title to Guanyin Temple to live there.
——"Biographies of the Great Monks of Song Dynasty·Volume 24"
guessed that perhaps because Farang cured Princess Chengyang's serious illness, Princess Chengyang began to believe that "setting up an altar and reciting" can "treat all diseases". If you do more, you will be considered to be practicing "witchcraft".
In addition, "New Book of Tang" and " Zizhi Tongjian " both record that in the first year of Linde (664), an incident related to "Witch Zhu" occurred.
At that time, there was a eunuch named Wang Fusheng in the palace who reported to Emperor Gaozong of Tang, saying that the queen Wu Zetian summoned the alchemist Guo Xingzhen into the palace and performed a "Gu Zhu". Emperor Gaozong of Tang was very angry when he heard this, so he called Shangguan Yi . Shangguan Yi saw that Emperor Gaozong of Tang wanted to depose Wu Zetian as the queen, so he helped Emperor Gaozong of Tang draft the edict of deposing the queen. However, before the edict took effect, Wu Zetian rushed over. In the end, the couple Gaozong of Tang and Wu Zetian reconciled, and the unlucky Shangguan Yi became the punching bag between Gaozong of Tang and Wu Zetian. Not long after, Shangguan Yi was charged with "collusion with Liang King Li Zhong". Shangguan Yi, his son Shangguan Tingzhi, and the eunuch Wang Fusheng were all executed. Li Zhong, the eldest son of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, who was imprisoned in Qianzhou, was also sentenced to death at the age of 22 (empty).
Lindechu, and later summoned the alchemist Guo Xingzhen into the forbidden to pray for Gu. The eunuch Wang Fusheng made it happen, and the emperor was angry. He summoned Shangguan Yi, the minister of Xitai. After Yi's instructions, he was willing to be independent and lost his hopes in the country and could not accept the ancestral temple. He was in harmony with the emperor's will, so he ordered an edict to abolish it. He hurried to the left and right, and then he immediately followed the emperor to tell his own words. The emperor shrank and treated him as before, and was still angry, and said, "These are all taught by Shangguan Yi!" Later, he mocked Xu Jingzong and killed him.
——"New Book of Tang·Biography Volume 1"
The earlier book " Old Tang Book " does not mention that Wu Zetian called Taoist priest Guo Xingzhen made a "gu Zhu" in the palace, nor does it record that Shangguan Yi drafted any edict of abolishing the queen. The "Old Book of Tang" only says that after Shangguan Yi became prime minister, he was too "relying on his talent and power" and was jealous of him, so he was implicated in the case of rebellion by King Li Zhong, Liang.
In the first year of Linde, the eunuch Wang Fusheng and Liang Wang Zhong committed the crime. Xu Jingzong then joined forces with (Shangguan) Yi and Zhong, so he was imprisoned and died, and his family was destroyed.
——"Old Book of Tang·Biography Volume 30"
Xianheng The second year (671) On May 16, Princess Chengyang died of illness in Fangzhou. The age at Princess Chengyang's death should be between 41 and 43 years old.
07
00-16th May of the second year of Xianheng, Princess Chengyang died.
——"Tang Huiyao·Volume 6"
Learning that his sister had passed away, the 44-year-old Emperor Gaozong of Tang was very sad. He asked someone to mourn at the Xianfu Gate and stopped working for 5 days. He also sent someone to welcome Princess Chengyang's coffin and buried her next to Emperor Taizong of Tang Zhaoling . The "New Book of Tang" records that the son-in-law Xue Guan also died almost during the Xianheng period. His coffin was returned to the capital with the princess' coffin.
In the second year of Xianheng, Princess Chengyang died in Fangzhou (the princess and emperors were released together, and was at the governor of Fangzhou Xue Guan) mourned at Xianfu Gate. She cried very much. She did not take the matter for five days and sent the envoy and the palace servants to Fangzhou to observe the funeral and return it to the capital to Lingyan.
——"Cefu Yuantu·Volume 47"
The story of Princess Chengyang's family did not disappear in the history books because of the death of the princess and his wife, because when Emperor Gaozong of Tang, Princess Taiping, chose the son-in-law, Emperor Gaozong of Tang took a fancy to Princess Chengyang's youngest son, Xue Shao.
03
Princess Chengyang and the first son-in-law Du He seem to have no children. She and the second son-in-law Xue Guan have a total of 3 sons: Xue Yan (yǐ), Xue Xu, and Xue Shao.
According to the epitaph of Xue Shao , Xue Shao was awarded the title of "Fengyilang" in the second year of Longshuo (662), serving the second son of Emperor Gaozong of Tang and Wu Zetian - Pei Wang Li Xian . His epitaph also records that Xue Shao passed away in the "early year of Yongchang" and was "twenty-nine years old."
The first year of Yongchang was 689 AD, and the year name "Yongchang" was used for less than a year. If Xue Shao died in this year, then the year when Xue Shao was born should be the first year of Longshuo (661). This means that Xue Shao was granted an official position at the age of 2 (emphasis). It can be seen that Emperor Gaozong of Tang took great care of Princess Chengyang's family.
In the second year of Longshuo, he was appointed as the Fengyilang and served as the King of Pei.
——"The cemetery of Xue Gong, the founding son-in-law of the former Right Wu Guard of the Tang Dynasty and the son-in-law of the Sanqi Changfu, was prefaced by Xue Gong, the founding son of the founding son of Pingyang County"
When Princess Chengyang and her son-in-law Xue Guan were demoted to Fangzhou, Xue Shao was just a young child. More than ten years later, in July of the first year of Kaiyao (681), Xue Shao was ordered to marry his cousin Princess Taiping as his wife.
Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Empress Wu Ze had two daughters, and only Princess Taiping lived until adulthood. Princess Taiping’s husband is naturally chosen by many choices. The reason why Emperor Gaozong of Tang was able to choose the princess's son as the son-in-law of his beloved daughter 10 years after Princess Chengyang passed away must be because their brother and sister had a good relationship. Wu Zetian was able to agree to this marriage, which proves that her relationship with Princess Chengyang, should be not bad.
However, Princess Taiping, who was a wife for the first time, seemed not very good at dealing with the sister-in-law relationship, probably because of family conflicts. Therefore, Wu Zetian, who was extremely protective of his son, once wanted to order Xue Yan and Xue Xu to divorce his wife on the grounds that his two sisters-in-law Xue Shao's wife, Xue Yan's wife Xiao and Xue Xu's wife Cheng, were not from a noble family and were not worthy of being sister-in-law with Princess Taiping.
days later, Xiao's wife Xiao and his younger brother Xu's wife Cheng were not nobles. They wanted to leave, and said, "How can my daughter make me sister-in-law with the girl in the farm!
——"Zizhi Tongjian·Tang Ji Eighteen"
for such a reason to let Xue Shao's brothers divorce his wife. It was obviously ridiculous, so someone came out to persuade Wu Zetian: Xue's wife The son Xiao is the nephew of Xiao Yu (Xiao Yu is the younger brother of Xiao Yu, the queen of Emperor Yang of Sui, and Xiao Yu's son Xiao Rui, the first son-in-law of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty), so the Xiao family is a family that married the royal family, so why is it not considered a noble? In this way, Wu Zetian gave up the idea of asking the Xue Ying brothers to divorce their wives.
Or said: "Xiao, Yu's nephew, the old marriage of the country." Then stop.
——"Zizhi Tongjian·Tang Ji Eighteen"
in the fourth year of Chuigong (688), King Li Zhen of Yue (the 8th son of Emperor Taizong of Tang) and his son King Langya Li Chong wanted to join forces with the Li Tang royal family to overthrow the ruling Wu Zetian, but in the end, they ended in failure. "Zizhi Tongjian" records that Xue Yan and his younger brother were also involved.
Jeju Governor Xue Ying, brother Xu, and brother Xu's son-in-law Duwei Shao, all of them conspired with the King of Langya.
——"Zizhi Tongjian·Tang Ji Twenty"
However, in "Old Book of Tang", it is said that Xue Shao was wronged and lost his life.
(Xue) Shao was falsely accused of conspiring with the kings in conspiracy and being executed.
- "Old Book of Tang·Biography 133"
The epitaph of Xue Shao unearthed from "Old Book of Tang Dynasty: The record of Xue Shao's death is relatively vague. It only says that at that time, Xue Huaiyi and Zhou Xingzheng were favored, but Xue Shao was "hurriedly killed in ", and did not say clearly that Xue Shao was wronged.
At the beginning of Yongchang, the evil ministers Xue Huaiyi, Zhou Xing and others were killed in a hurry. They were twenty-nine years old.
——"The cemetery of Xue Gong, the founding son-in-law of the former Right Wu Guard of the Tang Dynasty and the son-in-law of the Sanqi Cavalry, and the preface of the cemetery of Xue Gong, founding son of the founding prince of Pingyang County"
Xue Huaiyi is Wu Zetian's male favorite. His original name was Feng Xiaobao . In order to enhance his identity, Wu Zetian insisted that he be relatives with Xue Shao, and compared the name of Xue Shao's grandfather "Xue Huaiyu", and named Feng Xiaobao "Xue Huaiyi".
also said that he was not a gentry, so he changed his surname to Xue, and ordered his family to join the son-in-law of Taiping, Xue Shao, and ordered Shao to serve Ji's father.
——"Old Book of Tang·Biography Volume 133"
After all, Xue Shao is the princess's son, and his father's family is a famous family, so naturally he will not be willing to treat Xue Huaiyi as an elder in the clan. What's more, Xue Huaiyi's style of conduct is not very good. Then, out of revenge, it is not impossible for Xue Huaiyi to use an institution to trap the Xue Shao brothers. Moreover, Princess Taiping was responsible for the execution of Xue Huaiyi later. Perhaps Princess Taiping was avenging her husband Xue Shao.
In addition, from the epitaph of Xue Chongyun, the son of Xue Xu (Xue Shao's second brother), and his wife Li, it can be seen that after the Xue Shao brothers had an accident, Princess Taiping took good care of Xue Chongyun. When the Xue brothers were found guilty of treason and were killed, Xue Chongyun was only 5 years old and was allowed to stay in the capital. The marriage between Xue Chongyun and his wife Li was arranged by Princess Taiping, the aunt. Li is the cousin of Li Longji, her great-grandfather, Li Xiaogong, and Li Shimin, who is a cousin. From this we can see that the relationship between Princess Taiping and Xue Shao should be pretty good, so she will love the house and take care of Xue Shao's nephew.
日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日The wife (Li) then returned to Xue.
——"The epitaph of the wife of the former General of the Left Guard of the Tang Dynasty, Mrs. Xue, became the clan of the Ji County Jun"
ending
Princess Chengyang's sister Princess Changle only lived to 23 (empty) years; her sister Princess Jinyang only lived to 12 (empty) years; her Princess Xincheng only lived to 30 (empty) years. When Princess Chengyang passed away, it was 41-43 years old. Although Princess Chengyang's life is not very satisfactory, it is considered a long life compared to her sisters.
(Note: This article is original by [Toutiao @高清日本 ]. Plagiarism is prohibited, violators will be prosecuted!)
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