data shows that there are currently more than 37 million infants and young children aged 0 to 3 in my country, and more than one-third of the families have a strong need to enter the nursing home.
"According to incomplete statistics, there are currently tens of thousands of childcare service institutions of various types across the country, but the overall supply of childcare services is still insufficient. More than 90% of the institutions are private institutions and for-profit institutions, and the service targets are infants and young children over 2 years old. The main thing is, the charging prices are relatively high, and the distribution of service resources in various regions is uneven. The enrollment rate of childcare service institutions is only about 6%. "A relevant person in charge of the Population Monitoring and Family Development Department of the National Health Commission said.
Parenting is both a family matter and a state matter. How can the childcare industry, which has strong market demand and continues to be hot, develop healthily? The reporter conducted an investigation.
Guangzhou, teachers and children from a childcare center are playing the "Rainbow Umbrella" game. Guangming Picture
The cost is too high
The price of childcare is difficult to adjust
Family Li Mingyuan, who lives in Dachang Town, Baoshan District, Shanghai. His daughter Diandian entered a private childcare service institution near her home since she was two years old. "The main reason for choosing this place is that the price is cheap , more than 3,000 yuan a month, and breakfast and lunch are in charge."
"This institution is average in size and the number of teachers is moderate. Usually, it mainly brings games and takes a little simple English class. To be honest, it means 'reducing the burden' for parents. I don't think that the conditions in the past are better. The childcare service agency, after inquiring, the price was so high. "Li Mingyuan said.
Li Mingyuan's words express the voices of many parents. "According to relevant surveys, the average full-day care fee in my country in 2021 is 2,700 yuan per month, and first-tier cities are many higher than 7,000 yuan per month, far exceeding the affordable capacity of ordinary families." Related by the Population and Family Department of the National Health Commission The person in charge said.
, founded in 2017, Audemars Piguet Education Technology Co., Ltd. mainly provides childcare services for children aged 0 to 4. "The company currently has about 50 parks across the country, with an average of 40 to 60 stewards per park. Our service targets are mainly local mid-to-high-end consumer groups, and the average monthly fee in Beijing is more than 10,000 yuan." Audemars Piguet President Liu Xiaoli said.
"Compared to operating a kindergarten, the childcare industry has set a higher threshold." Liu Xiaoli introduced that according to relevant requirements, the childcare venue must be located below three floors, which leads to a relatively high rental price. Taking Beijing as an example, one place The monthly rent of a 400-square-meter nursery school can reach up to 120,000 yuan. "At present, the childcare price of childcare service institutions in central urban areas of Beijing is about 6,000 yuan to 15,000 yuan per month. Once it is lower than 6,000 yuan, it is difficult to recover the cost." Liu Xiaoli said.
"Compared with rent, labor costs are higher." Liu Xiaoli said that due to the lack of mature professional education support for childcare services, the lack of professional talents, which means that the company itself needs to undertake a large amount of talent training work. "New teachers generally recruited It is still necessary to complete one month to two months of training before taking up the job, which will incur a lot of costs. "
" In the above situation, the charging prices of childcare service institutions are difficult to adjust, resulting in families with weaker payment ability being unable to send their children. Incoming in, in turn, reduces the profit margins of childcare service institutions. "A relevant person in charge of the Population and Family Department of the National Health Commission said that although some places have taken countermeasures, overall, the efforts are not large, and the price of childcare services is reduced to the salaries of the truck. .
In a childcare center in Xi'an, children are playing the game of "Eagle Catching Chicken". Guangming Picture
Quality improvement
Parents can only give hiring
Ms. Luan, who lives in Chaoyang District, Beijing, has a daughter "mooncake" of one and a half years old. "The little guy was basically raised by her grandmother when he was born. I have considered sending the child to a childcare service agency and visited several, but I always feel that there is no need for outsiders to take care of their family members. So I have to trouble the elderly. "Ms. Luan said helplessly.
Ms. Luan’s situation shows the troubles faced by many families at present: parents need to go to work to maintain family expenses, so they have to worry about the elderly’s care. Once the elderly are inconvenient, the children will fall into a dilemma of no one to take care of. “There are also many people around me who have tried to have a second and third child, but they are worried that they cannot take good care of them, and eventually they gave up their thoughts."Ms. Luan said. Shenzhen Childcare (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., established in 2020, is affiliated to the state-owned enterprise Shenzhen Xingfu Health Industry (Group) Co., Ltd., which currently has 9 childcare parks in Shenzhen and provides 565 nursing positions. . General Manager Ding Lingzhi introduced that the company survey in 2021 found that now parents first attach importance to the safety and environment of the institution, with safety accounting for 88.61% and environmental accounting for 87.44%; secondly, they value teachers and qualifications, such as whether they have been registered and whether they are a demonstration. Sexual childcare service institutions; finally food and expenses.
Ding Lingzhi introduced that in terms of food safety, the company and Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital jointly developed specialized for infants and young children aged 0 to 3 in Shenzhen Recipe, with Shenzhen Market Supervision Bureau and industry-related units, formulated the "Food Safety Operation Specifications for Catering Services for Full-time Infant and Child Care Services" and independently developed a child care system.
In January this year, Shandong Pretiyou Education Consulting Co., Ltd. The company (Lerong Children's Home) was rated as a "provincial demonstration childcare service institution". Wang Jian, the head of Lerong Children's Home Jinan Campus, told reporters that in order to further reassure parents, the government has also organized various skill training. Such as principal training, health care medical training, childcare staff training, chef security training, etc. At the same time, the government has also provided policy and financial support to childcare institutions from many aspects.
"Infants and toddlers under 3 years old are the weakest groups, and The admission time is not fixed. After the outbreak, many families have rarely or no childcare, and the urgent need for childcare services has been suppressed. As an emerging service industry in recent years, if the government can intervene earlier, guide better, and promote better, I believe that more and more parents will be able to agree with the childcare service institutions' concept of childcare and hand over their children to us with confidence. "Wang Jian said.
Staff of Shenzhen Xingfu Home Care Class accompanied the children to stack up blocks. Guangming Picture
Break the bottleneck
Provide strong talent support
In the investigation, the reporter found that many heads of childcare service institutions said that there is a lack of professional talents It is an important factor restricting the development of institutions.
Ding Lingzhi introduced that since no major students in the childcare industry have entered the market, the current hiring needs to be based on education in terms of education. Related or full-time college or undergraduate students in majors related to preschool education and early education; from the perspective of qualifications, they need to be qualified personnel who hold child care workers, nanny teachers or kindergarten teachers.
"Recruitment difficulties mainly exist as follows Factors: First, because the cost of living in Shenzhen is high, but the salary in this industry is not high; second, the industry lacks professional talents as a whole, which is difficult to solve in the short term; third, although child caregivers were released in July 2022 but there are currently no specific training rules and no promotion channels for job ranks; fourth, the low social recognition will eventually lead to the loss of talents. "Ding Lingzhi said.
In order to solve related problems, Audemars Piguet began to explore cooperation with vocational colleges to jointly build childcare majors, and to put practical childcare courses into the vocational education sector. "In this way, students We will get in touch with our courses and training as soon as possible, and we can intern in the institution around the third grade. Outstanding graduates can be retained in the institution and become a professional force in the childcare industry as soon as possible. "Liu Xiaoli said.
As a higher vocational college directly under the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Beijing Social Management Vocational College has established early education majors and housekeeping majors in recent years, and has set up infant and toddler physiological hygiene and health care, infant care, and infant arts A series of theoretical basic courses, art skills courses, and professional core courses, such as enlightenment, early childhood activity design and organization. Zhou Yang, a teacher at the School of Children's Education and Development of Beijing Social Management Vocational College, said: "We hope that through the study of these courses, students can master the age of 0. The growth and development characteristics of infants and young children as of 3 years old can carry out early education related to game activities and artistic enlightenment. "
A few days ago, the National Health Commission and other departments issued the " Guiding Opinions on Further Improving and Implementing Active Childhood Support Measures ", which clearly put forward requirements such as "gradually implementing the professional qualification access system for childcare practitioners in accordance with the law", and aims to Gradually improve the training system for childcare talents.
"The school plans to open a healthy development major for infants and young children after upgrading to undergraduate, which is similar to the course setting of the custodial major. However, whether to open a childcare major depends on whether the student enrollment is optimistic and whether the internship and employment are smooth. If the career development channel for skilled talents can be smooth as soon as possible, it can be smooth as possible for them to have a career development channel for skilled talents , I believe that it will provide strong talent support for the development of my country's childcare service industry." Zhou Yang said.
Policy support
Meet the needs of the people for childcare
Since the outbreak of the epidemic, many childcare institutions have faced great survival pressure. On the one hand, there is almost no income after the park is closed; on the other hand, rent and labor costs still need to be spent as usual.
From late January to early February this year, the Xi'an Infant and Child Care Service Industry Association relies on local childcare industry associations and leading childcare enterprises to carry out online questionnaires for childcare institutions nationwide. Ren Li, president of the association, introduced that the survey shows that the current fiscal and taxation and financial policies that support the development of childcare services are relatively weak, and it is difficult to implement various supporting policies. Among the childcare institutions interviewed, 15.52% of the funding for the construction of the kindergarten was targeted by government support, and 25.99% were loans. 10.83% of childcare institutions have applied for financing or loans from financial institutions, but have not been approved. Only 5.42% of the institutions surveyed enjoyed preferential tax policies, while 75.81% failed to enjoy preferential policies. The interviewed childcare institutions urgently need to "strengthen publicity and increase parents' willingness to send care" and "support from health and medical institutions", and "tax cuts and tax reductions and tax deferrals" are the urgent needs of private institutions at present.
According to the association's investigation and official statistics, as of the end of July 2022, Xi'an has 616 childcare service institutions and 12,320 employees. Among them, there are 60 family-style childcare sites, 335 private pure childcare institutions, and 221 kindergartens at the bottom.
"The government provides a series of policy guarantees for childcare service institutions. For example, the Municipal Health Commission organized special training for principals and practitioners of childcare institutions, and has currently trained 230 principals and 160 practitioners; the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and Municipal Health Commission jointly with the Municipal Health Commission. The Health Commission made it clear that from September 1, 2022, the registered childcare institutions in our city will implement residents' prices for water, gas and heat; the Municipal Education Bureau has increased the training of professional childcare services, and has been in secondary vocational schools across the city in the past three years. The school trains 4,738 graduates in childcare service majors, etc. "Ren Li said.
Feng Liwen, executive deputy secretary-general of Guangdong Infant and Child Care and Early Development Industry Association, told reporters that in 2022, there will be about 6,000 registered childcare institutions in Guangdong, most of which are mainly medium-sized, with an average charge of 2,500 to 4,000 yuan. "At present, Guangdong has clearly included the construction of childcare service facilities in the province's economic and social development plan and the local land space planning, and comprehensively used support policies such as land, housing, finance, and finance to guide social forces to actively participate. , public medical institutions are also required to take the lead in leading employers across the province to carry out universal childcare work to maximize the meeting of the growing childcare needs of the general public." Feng Liwen said.
Jinan Hi-tech Zone is actively developing childcare services with diverse forms and standardized operations, striving to solve the problem of "operational hardships" of childcare service institutions. The relevant person in charge of the Development and Security Department of Jinan Hi-Tech Zone introduced: "In practice, we have taken different support measures for different models and strived to provide all-round and full-cycle high-quality services for infant and young children's care. For example, for independent entity-based services, enterprises and units are encouraged and supported. Individuals will hold independent childcare entities in accordance with the law, providing full-day care, half-day care, timed care and other services; for community embeddedness, it supports brand infant and child care service institutions to extend and penetrate high-quality service resources, service concepts and management standards to the community; for the purpose of the community; for the purpose of the project, brand infant and child care service institutions to extend and penetrate high-quality service resources, service concepts and management standards; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; for the purpose of the project; Chain radiation, encourage and support units and corporate organizations with outstanding advantages and rich experience to exert the brand effect of . "
Original title:
"Child" flowers to "children" and see the rising sun - How can the childcare service industry achieve "children have children"
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