Electricians are a very common job. Electricians are active in factories, mines, shops, rural areas and other industries, because electricity is a basic energy source that modern industry, agricultural production and life cannot be separated from, and electrical equipment is everywhere. With electrical equipment, professional personnel need to be installed, maintained, repaired, operated, tested and managed.
1. What is electrical work
Electrical work refers to the operation, maintenance, installation, maintenance, renovation, construction, debugging and other operations of electrical equipment.
Electrician is a job with certain technical requirements; because various advanced electrical equipment is the product of industrialization and the crystallization of the continuous development of science and technology. Electrical equipment is driven and controlled by electricity, and electricity is a substance that cannot be seen directly or touched directly. You need to understand its basic principles and certain technical knowledge to control it.
2. Why do you need to be a verified in the electrical work?
Electricity is a substance that may harm life. Once the AC voltage exceeds 36V, an electrician may accidentally touch the live parts when he is engaged in electrical work, which may cause personal casualties. Therefore, according to relevant national regulations, electrical work belongs to special operations , and needs to be trained and tested and certified before taking up a job.
In order to improve the safety and technical level of special operations personnel, prevent and reduce casualties, the " Special Operations Personnel Safety Technical Training Assessment Management Regulations " (No. 30 of the State Administration of Safety Supervision on May 24, 2010 was announced, and the first amendment of the State Administration of Safety Supervision on August 29, 2013 was amended by the State Administration of Safety Supervision on August 29, 2015, and the second amendment of the State Administration of Safety Supervision on May 29, 2015) stipulates that all practitioners engaged in operations that are prone to accidents and may cause major harm to the safety of the operator himself and others, as well as the safety of equipment and facilities must undergo safety education and examinations.
Special operators include electricians. Electricians must undergo special safety operation training and obtain electrician certificate before they can start work.
3. Classification of electrical work
Since electrical equipment is divided into high-voltage electrical equipment , low-voltage electrical equipment , protection and control equipment, and lines, its composition principles and technologies, basic theories, professional knowledge and practical operating skills required to master are different, and the harm to the human body and the requirements for electrical safety are also different. Therefore, in the "Regulations on Safety Technical Training and Assessment Management of Special Operators" and other documents, electrical work is classified according to the nature of the work, and divided into the following 5 types:
1, low-voltage electrical work
0 low-voltage electrical work refers to the operation of installing, debugging, operating, operating, maintaining, repairing, transformation and testing of low-voltage electrical equipment below 1 kV (kV).
1 kV (kV) is the most widely used electrical equipment. It can be installed in various distribution rooms, electrical rooms, factories, workshops, industrial buildings, civil buildings, fields and many other places. Low-voltage electrical equipment includes: low-voltage distribution cabinet , low-voltage busbar, power distribution box, lighting distribution box , low-voltage motor, lighting fixtures, power tools, low-voltage electrical appliances (such as: low-voltage circuit breaker , fuse , low-voltage transformer, contactor , relay , buttons, etc.).
2, high voltage electrical work
High voltage electrical work refers to the operation of running, maintaining, installing, repairing, transforming, construction, debugging, testing, insulating workers and equipment for high voltage electrical equipment of 1 kV (kV) or above. (Get the high-voltage electrician special operation certificate and can engage in low-voltage electric operation).
When the power load is relatively large, high-voltage electrical equipment with a capacity of 1 kV (kV) or above is required. It is generally installed in special rooms such as distribution rooms, special transformers, special transformers, substations, etc. High-voltage electrical equipment includes: transformers, high-voltage cabinets, high-voltage busbars, high-voltage motors, high-voltage electrical appliances, high-voltage electrical appliances, (such as: high-voltage circuit breaker , high-voltage fuses, high-voltage contactors, high-voltage transformers, , protection and measurement equipment, etc.).
3, power cable operation
power cable operation refers to the installation, maintenance, testing, operation, maintenance and other operations of power cables.
Whether it is a high-voltage system or a low-voltage system, a large number of power cables are used, and power cables are used to transmit and distribute electrical energy in the power system. Power cable lines are generally buried underground (underwater) soil or laid in pipelines, channels, and tunnels. With the rapid development of my country's power industry, power cable lines are already indispensable in power transmission lines. At the same time, cables have already dominated the urban distribution network.
4, relay protection job
relay protection operation refers to the operation of running, maintaining, debugging and inspecting relay protection and automatic devices in the power system.
relay protection and automatic device is one and an important device in a high-voltage electrical system with 1 kV (kV) and above. Since the power system is a whole, the production, transmission, distribution and use of electrical energy are completed simultaneously, and there are electrical or magnetic connections between each device. When a short circuit failure occurs in a certain device or line, it affects other parts of the entire power system in a very short time. Therefore, the time required to remove the faulty equipment or transmission line must be very short, and the time required to remove the fault is as small as a few tenths of a second to a few hundredths of a second. Obviously, it is absolutely impossible for the operator to discover and manually remove the fault in such a short time. Therefore, it can only be achieved by means of an automatic device installed on each electrical device or line, namely, the relay protection device .
5, electrical test operation
Electrical test operation is a special operation for conducting handover tests and preventive tests on electrical equipment in the power system.
handover test is to promptly discover potential hazards that may arise during the transportation and installation of electrical equipment, and to prevent accidents or equipment damage after the electrical equipment is officially put into operation. It is necessary to inspect, test or monitor the equipment before the equipment is officially put into operation.
preventive tests are to promptly detect potential hidden dangers that may arise during operation of electrical equipment and prevent accidents or equipment damage. Regular inspections, tests or monitoring of the equipment are required. Preventive tests include power outage tests, live detection and online monitoring.
Whether it is high-voltage electrical equipment or low-voltage electrical equipment, electrical tests must be carried out in accordance with the specifications.
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I am a senior electrician Lao Wu. I have been rooted in the industry for 40 years and have been involved in power generation, distribution, electrical and automation engineering in the power, metallurgy, construction, municipal, mining, light industry and other industries. I like to share work, life, and all the happiness and beauty.
