Shipborne Vertical Launch System (VLS) is the standard configuration of modern main battleships. In the early stage of the construction of the 052D and 055 new-generation destroyers, military fans were keen on counting "chocolates". So the question is, which countries in the world can develop their own VLS, which seems to be "flying into the homes of ordinary people." Maybe more than you think.
Lifting the vertical hair device, the U.S. Navy is a leader in various countries in terms of popularization time, equipment range and technical level.
The MK41, the pioneer of general VLS, is a kind of "hot" vertical hair, 8 units are a module with a common flame exhaust channel, compatible with "standard" series of ship-to-air missiles, "Tomahawk" ship-borne long-range cruise Missiles, "Aslock" (VLA type) anti-submarine missiles and "Modified Sea Sparrow" (ESSM) medium-range ship-to-air missiles, equipped with U.S. Navy Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruisers (22 out of 27), Spruance-class (post-modification) and Burke-class guided-missile destroyers are also exported in large quantities to allies.
MK41 is one of the three types of vertical hair in the United States, the other two are MK48 and MK57.
MK48 is a light type VLS, although it is also "hot" compared to MK41 Vertical hair, but adopts the design of 2 launching units sharing a flame exhaust duct, which is lower overall, mainly for launching "NATO Sea Sparrow" and "Improved Sea Sparrow" (models after Mod2 and MK56) , Canada’s Halifax class, Japan’s Murasame class, and the Netherlands’ Karel Dolman class (M class) frigates all use MK48. The 16-unit MK48 installation method of the M class frigate is unique. It is on the left of the helicopter library. "Lined up" on the side.
The large-diameter MK57 is the patent of the Zumwalt-class stealth guided missile destroyer. Compared with the MK41, it is not only 20% larger, but the biggest feature is that it is arranged in the internal space on the side of the ship. It can save valuable space in the middle of the hull. In addition, MK41 uses 8 units as a module to share a common flame vent, while MK57 uses 4 units as a module, with flame vents on both sides. This is a big difference. MK57 is only used by 3 Zumwalt class.
Russia’s vertical hair system was even equipped earlier than the United States, but it did not do well in generalization.
When the Kirov-class nuclear-powered guided-missile cruiser entered service in 1980, it was equipped with the world’s first vertical launch system-the S-300F "fortress", also known as the "revolver" pistol, which was a cold type During the launch, there was also a smaller "revolver" at the same time, that is, the "dagger" ("Klinok") short-range ship-to-air missile on the Dreadnought-class anti-submarine ship. It needs to be pointed out that Kilo The "granite" anti-ship missile silo on the aircraft carrier Kuznetsov and Kuznetsov was actually launched at an oblique angle, not a true vertical launch system.
After Russia became independent, 3 new vertical hair systems were developed. One is the UKSK universal vertical launch system for launching "caliber/club" and "jewel/Brahmos" anti-ship missiles, and launching "multifaceted fort" (transliterated as "Rudaot", navy S-350 The "Warrior") medium-range ship-to-air missile and the "Wufeng-1" ("Skiley" vertical hair version) vertical hair device are both "cold" type vertical hair, which is still not fully universal. The 22350 Admiral Gorshkov-class Aegis frigate and the 11356M Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate are equipped with two types of VLS. At present, Russia does not master the key technology of thermal vertical hair. .
Although China's domestically-made vertical hair device did not appear until after 2000, it showed the strength of "overtaking in corners". The Hongqi-9 cold vertical hair on
052C, although it looks like a Russian "revolver", but in fact every unit can be launched without turning, the hot vertical hair on 054A is the first in our country The universal "hot" vertical launcher is compatible with both Hongqi-16 and Yu-8 anti-submarine missiles. The large-diameter universal launcher on the 052D and 055 adopts a unique "concentric circle" design concept, compatible with hot and cold launch missiles, without the need for public platoons. Flame Road, compatible with Hongqi-9B,A variety of missiles such as the Eagle Strike-18.
Britain and France have the ability to develop their own vertical launches, but the number of ships installed is relatively small.
The first type of vertical hair in the UK is the GWS.26 VLS of the "Sea Wolf" short-range ship-to-air missile. Although this type of vertical hair can only be compatible with the "Sea Wolf", it is equipped with 16 Type 23 frigates and Malaysian Lay A few warships such as the Ku-class, but it is the first vertical launch to use the "concentric circle" idea to solve the problem of thermal launching and exhausting flames. The second vertical launch in the UK is the latest for launching "sea receptor" ship-to-air missiles. GWS.35, which is longer than GWS.26, has one more "mushroom head". The "Sea Receptor" missile itself is cold-launched. In other words, the "Concentric Circle" (CCL) vertical launch is not only available in China. There are also in the UK.
France has developed the "Silva" series of universal vertical hair systems, equipped with British Type 45, French and Italian Horizon class destroyers and aircraft carriers such as Charles de Gaulle and Cavour. The concept of "Silva" series is the same as the thermal vertical launch used by MK41 and Hongqi-16. There are two modules with different lengths, A43/A50, which are mainly used to launch the "Aster" 15/30 medium-range ship-to-air missile. The Aquitaine-class FREMM frigate can use this vertical launch to launch MdCN carrier-based cruise missiles. France has also developed a special vertical launch for the "Mika" VL ship-to-air missile.
Among Asian countries, Israel has mastered the vertical hair technology earlier, and the time is still before China.
Their "Barak"-1 short-range ship-to-air missile uses a cold vertical launch system and is equipped with a Saar-5 frigate, which is also exported to India in large quantities, while the "Barak-8" medium-range ship-to-air missile The missile also uses another special cold vertical launch system, which is also exported to India. The two cannot be used in common. The P15A destroyer of the Indian Navy is equipped with the Barak 8 ship-to-air missile and launches the BrahMos. The Russian-made UKSK is falling out, and the obsessive-compulsive disorder is forced to death.
In addition to China and Israel, another Asian country that has mastered vertical hair technology is South Korea. South Korea "borrowed" the idea of MK41 and developed the K-VLS vertical launch system, which is mainly used to launch its own "KM-SAM" short-range ship-to-air missiles, "Red Shark" anti-submarine missiles and "Xuanwu" series of shipboard cruises In contrast, Japan’s shipbuilding technology is better than South Korea’s missiles. It is also an ally of the United States, but it has not developed its own domestically produced vertical development.
So far, there is another country that masters the vertical hair technology, I am afraid everyone will be surprised, it is South Africa.
Their home country "Lance" short-range ship-to-air missile uses a circular sling device similar to the British "Seawolf". It is also thermally launched and equipped with 4 German-made MEKO-A200SA frigates. This kind of vertical hair was also exported to the MEKO-A200AN frigate of Algeria and the "Hamina" class missile boat of the Finnish Navy, achieving export.
That is to say, the ship-borne vertical launch system is controlled by the five major countries, and 3 of the BRICS countries.
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"I am Yuli (WeChat public account: wulongfangwu1), let’s talk a little bit about revenge today, please follow me on Tencent news client and Daily Express! 』
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