According to the latest news, Shenzhou 14 has been confirmed to return on December 4, and the specific time is around 7:30 to 8:30 at night. At that time, the temperature of at the Dongfeng landing site will be as low as minus 10℃.
This time, the biggest test for the search and rescue team is night and extreme cold. However, according to the information from the manned space engineering office, the search and rescue team of the Dongfeng Landing Site is ready, and corresponding preparations have been made for night search and rescue and the low temperature.
In response to the problem of night search and rescue, scientific and technological personnel have built an integrated sky-ground search guidance system based on the application of my country's Beidou navigation system in the landing site, and developed a series of related tracking and discovery equipment to improve the ability of night search and discovery return capsules.
In addition, the search and rescue team has also prepared various lighting equipment needed for night search and rescue. For example, ground vehicles are equipped with high-power searchlights, and flash lights, fluorescent flags, etc. are also installed on the top of the vehicle.
In response to the cold winter night problem, the search and rescue team is also fully prepared. Dongfeng Landing Field has provided low-temperature protection for all field working equipment and equipped the vehicle with low-temperature start-up devices.
In order to prevent the invasion of low temperatures after the Shenzhou 14 astronauts landed, the search and rescue team has also upgraded the medical supervision and medical insurance medical ambulance, which can provide astronauts with suitable temperatures under extremely cold conditions. The temperature in the car can rise to above 20℃ within 20 minutes to ensure that astronauts are not frozen.
In short, the ground search and rescue team is ready. They have conducted many training drills at the Dongfeng Landing Site before, and are very familiar with the search and rescue routes, which can ensure that the Shenzhou No. 14 return capsule is searched as soon as possible.
Recalling the scene when Shenzhou 12 and Shenzhou 13 returned. Because it is difficult to adapt to the earth's gravity environment in a short time, astronauts can only stay in a seat after returning, and the staff need to carry it around, and they cannot stand or walk at all.
Not only that, the astronauts who return will have to go through at least three stages, lasting three months to half a year of recuperation and recovery, until their bodies return to their pre-take-off state, and then they can return to normal life and daily training.
So what aspects of recovery and training are needed after Shenzhou 143 returned? How long will it take for them to perform their space mission again? Let's take a look.
1, Isolation Observation
People are very familiar with the word "isolation". After the Shenzhou 14 astronauts return, they need to undergo medical isolation for about two weeks. However, the astronauts' isolation is not because they are worried that they will bring the unknown microorganism in space to Earth, but because of a kind of protection for them.
Shenzhou 14 astronauts have lived in space station for half a year. Due to the influence of the space environment, their immune function is relatively weak and their resistance to diseases is insufficient. Our usual colds may cause them to get seriously ill after returning to Earth.
In addition, astronauts have just returned to the earth's gravity environment from the weightless environment in space, and their bodies will find it difficult to adapt to all aspects of the body. They need a quiet environment to adapt to the earth's environment, and they can be isolated from disturbances.
During medical isolation, astronauts and doctors must perform medical examinations on them, including routine examinations of various clinical departments, vertical endurance examinations , balance function examinations, human composition analysis, cardiovascular regulation and control ability, human function status detection, etc.
Not only that, the staff will also arrange some balance training, walking training, and medical gymnastics for astronauts, so that astronauts can adapt to the earth's gravity environment as soon as possible, and slowly return to normal walking upright, etc. You should know that it is difficult to stand up when they first return.
2, Medical Care
After the medical isolation is over, the three astronauts will be transferred to a sanatorium with good environment and good air for 20 to 30 days of medical care.During this period, astronauts will focus on restoring their health, and will gradually increase their activity.
Astronauts lived in the space station weightless environment for 6 months, and their physical functions have changed. For example, their muscle tissue will atrophy, bones will be lost, body fluids will be redistributed, and the body's immunity will also be greatly reduced.
During medical treatment, astronauts' physical fitness will be further enhanced, and their physiological reserves will be strengthened, improving their ability to prevent and resist diseases, but at the same time, their physical condition must be monitored at all times.
3, Restoration and Rehabilitation
After the medical treatment is over, the medical monitoring of astronauts will be weak, but the recovery of physical fitness and other aspects will be strengthened. In response to their problems in muscle atrophy, bone loss, etc., they can only gradually recover through strengthening training.
After entering the recovery and recuperation stage, astronauts can move freely and live with their families if they meet the regulations, but they still cannot participate in the same training as other astronauts. Only when the physical indicators reach the state before performing space missions can astronauts fully resume normal life and daily training.
Generally speaking, it takes at least 3 months from the time astronauts return to Earth to fully recover their physical fitness. However, some astronauts have better physical fitness and can return to their previous state in a short period of time.
For example, Shenzhou 13 astronauts Zhai Zhigang , Ye Guangfu and Wang Yaping returned on April 16, 2022, and a press conference was held on Beijing Aerospace City on June 28, 2022. This means that their bodies have basically recovered, and the recovery time is only 74 days, which is simply a rapid pace.
However, recovery does not mean that they will be able to participate in space missions immediately. For example, in the astronauts of Shenzhou 15 , the name of Shenzhou 13 will not appear in the astronauts.
So how long will it take for the Shenzhou 14 astronaut to return to carry out the space mission again?
4. How long does it take to execute the task again?
We know that Shenzhou 14 will return on the night of December 4, and after returning, they will undergo medical isolation, medical treatment, rehabilitation and recuperation. According to the regular time, it will take at least three months or even half a year before they can undergo normal life and daily training.
According to the situation of Shenzhou 13 astronauts, Shenzhou 14 astronauts are unlikely to participate in the space mission of Shenzhou 16.
Although the Shenzhou No. 16 crew has not been announced, according to my country's manned space engineering crew selection practice, the Shenzhou No. 16 crew members are likely to be the backup crew of Shenzhou No. 15.
That is to say, when the Shenzhou No. 15 passenger list was confirmed, the Shenzhou No. 16 passenger list was basically finalized. Of course, this is without other special circumstances, and we can only infer according to the normal circumstances.
According to the current normal operation of space stations in my country, each crew performs missions in space for about 6 months. In other words, it will be a year later after Shenzhou 15 and Shenzhou 16 complete their missions.
So it will take at least a year to carry out the space mission again, and they will not wait until then.
In fact, our astronauts are conducting various trainings all the time. After the Shenzhou 14 astronauts recover, they will return to the team and participate in daily training with other astronauts.
In addition, whether they are formal astronauts or reserve astronauts, they will conduct assessments and physical examinations regularly during training. Once they do not meet the astronaut assessment conditions, they may be eliminated.
There is also, even if the astronaut is in good training condition, if he wants to perform a space mission, he must pass the assessment of the flight crew members. In other words, the confirmation of the flight crew list of each space mission of my country's manned spacecraft project is the result of strict assessment.
In addition to the physical fitness and professional skills that meet the requirements, the selection of flight crew pilots must also select the astronauts who are most suitable for the flight mission in combination with the specific content of the space mission.
For example, the commander of Shenzhou 15 crew Fei Junlong , he set the largest age record for manned space missions in my country, which made many friends think that he would be too old.
However, in fact, like other astronauts, Fei Junlong passed the training assessment and was a choice that meets the standards for performing space missions. And he was selected as the commander of the Shenzhou 15 crew, which shows that he is better in physical and in all aspects of business.
In short, if Shenzhou 14 astronauts want to perform space missions again after returning to Earth, they must not only consider the specific project plan schedule, but also consider their recovery status in a comprehensive way.
Only when their bodies have various indicators meet the requirements of the task execution will they have a chance to go to heaven again!
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