In 2022, the new crown epidemic continues to rage, the game between major powers is in depth, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine continues to escalate, and regional tensions are intensifying. Based on the systematic sorting out international military hot events, Sanminren selected the top ten international military events, and reviewed the year destined to be recorded in history.
1. The Russian-Ukrainian conflict continues to be stalemate
On February 24, 2022, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict officially broke out. The Russian army shelled the eastern Ukrainian troops, military command centers and airports in other regions, destroying the Ukrainian National Guard Command and breaking into the capital Kiev area. On the same day, Ukraine announced the closure of national airspace and announced the severance of diplomatic relations with Russia. Ukrainian President Zelensky said that Ukraine entered a wartime state. The war has lasted for more than 200 days so far, and the war between the two sides is in a stalemate.
Starting from August 29, Ukraine launched a large counterattack, and the battlefield situation on Russia and Ukraine reversed. Recently, the Russian army withdrew from Khlsong City and is strengthening the offensive on the main battlefield of Donetsk. The Ukrainian army repelled the Russian attacks on the southern, western and southwestern suburbs of Bachmut, the most frontier city of Donetsk Prefecture. The nearest battlefield is only 4 kilometers away from the city. At the same time, the Ukrainian army is also mobilizing air commandos and elite troops to the Russian border of Lugansk. The Russian-Ukrainian conflict is the biggest political tragedy that broke out this century, and the war zone has become ruins, especially this war has changed the world pattern and fell into turmoil. So far, fierce battles in various places have not stopped, and more weapons and ammunition are still flowing to the battlefield, and the prospect of long-term and enlargement of conflicts is worrying. When will peace come have become the answer that the whole world is looking forward to.
2. Pelosi Intervention to Taiwan triggered the fourth Taiwan Strait crisis
On the evening of August 2, 2022, U.S. House Speaker Pelosi visited Taiwan and openly carried out political provocations, causing the Taiwan Strait to fall into an unprecedented tension. The People's Liberation Army of China conducted military exercises and training in the seas and airspaces of six regions around Taiwan from August 4 to 7, 2022, Beijing time, and organized live-fire shooting. This military exercise attracted the attention of all countries and was regarded by the outside world as the fourth Taiwan Strait crisis. This exercise completely broke the narrative and concept of the "middle-line of the Strait". The six major areas of the exercise and training operation - five are east of the so-called "middle-line of the Strait", and one spans the so-called "middle-line of the Strait"; for the first time, the practical shooting range was set up in the eastern part of Taiwan Island, and the eastern region was directly opposite Hualien and Taitung, two military bases that were regarded as the rear of the Taiwan independence elements, and the retreat of the "Taiwan independence" elements was completely cut off their thoughts of escaping. In addition, this round of joint military operations has appeared for the first time the strategic support force and joint logistics support force. The five major branches of the People's Liberation Army - land, sea, air, rocket, and strategic support, were all unveiled in this round of joint military operations.
3. Asian version NATO accelerates the promotion of
In recent years, as the US Indo-Pacific strategy continues to advance, NATO has re-strengthening its cooperation with Asia-Pacific partners. In March 2022, Japanese Prime Minister Kishida Fumio visited NATO headquarters; in early April, foreign ministers from Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand went to Brussels to attend NATO foreign ministers' offline meeting; in May, the four countries participated in NATO Chiefs of Staff for the first time, and South Korea's National Intelligence Agency joined the NATO Cyber Defense Center headquartered in Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. At the end of June 2022, the NATO Madrid Summit invited leaders of Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand and to attend the meeting for the first time. This move is believed to be that NATO has begun to enter the Asia-Pacific. At the end of September, the South Korean Embassy in Belgium was designated as the South Korean representative office to NATO, and NATO declared that this was an important step in strengthening cooperation with South Korea. In response, Russian Foreign Ministry officials pointed out that NATO's route to promote its potential in in the Asia-Pacific region has been clearly presented. This process is based on regional partners such as Australia, Japan, South Korea and New Zealand, which will seriously affect Indo-Pacific security and stability.
4, Finland , Sweden start the entry program
June 28, 2022, on the eve of the NATO Madrid summit, NATO Secretary-General Stoltenberg, with Turkey , Finland and Rui The heads of governments of the three countries held quadruple talks, after which Turkey, Finland and Sweden signed a tripartite memorandum on Finland and Sweden's accession to NATO; on July 4, Finnish Foreign Minister Javesto, Swedish Foreign Minister Lind and NATO Assistant Secretary-General Kadenbach completed the final talks on the two countries' accession to NATO at the NATO headquarters in Brussels. Finland and Sweden officially confirmed their willingness to join , NATO and assume the political, legal and military obligations stipulated in the covenant. Currently, among the 30 NATO member states, only Hungary and Türkiye have not ratified the protocol to join NATO. Turkish President Erdogan said on October 21 local time that as long as Sweden does not extradite "terrorists" wanted by Türkiye, Türkiye will not agree to its joining NATO. Experts analyzed that if the two countries apply to join NATO, it will further squeeze Russia's strategic space and have a profound impact on Nordic and transatlantic security.
5. The situation on the peninsula continues to tense
The battle between Russia and Ukraine is still in a stalemate. On the other side of the Eurasian continent, the situation on the peninsula is tense again. Since the end of September, North Korea has tested six ballistic missiles in total, including medium and long-range missiles. Among them, on October 6, North Korea conducted another test-fire of missile in the eastern waters that day, opposing the USS Reagan aircraft carrier "emergency turn around" and returned to the eastern waters for deployment; on October 14, North Korea launched an medium-range ballistic missile from the Wupingli area of Cijiang, with a range of 4,500 kilometers and directly flew over Japanese archipelago . Since the beginning of this year, the United States and South Korea have successively resumed large-scale naval exercises. The U.S. aircraft carrier battle group directly docked near South Korea, sanctioning Asian companies that transport fuel to North Korea. Vice President Harris also visited the border separating the Korean Peninsula. In North Korea's view, all kinds of actions of the United States and South Korea are provocations, even previews of invasions. Experts analyzed that after the United States dragged Russia into the European battlefield, it is opening up a second battlefield in Asia, with its target directly targeting the major powers of East Asia. The situation in , Northeast Asia may become more tense in the future.
6. Multi-country border conflict escalates
2022 is destined to be a year of turmoil. In addition to the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, many pairs of contradictions broke out in a concentrated manner, and caused armed conflicts in and confrontation. In August 2022, the Pakistan-Israel conflict escalated again. According to official Israeli news, the Israeli army destroyed at least 5 rocket launch bases, 6 outposts and 8 weapon libraries. Palestinian launched counterattacks one after another, firing multiple rockets into the direction of Israel, and even heading straight for its residential areas. As for the conflict, Israel insists that the military operation is to fight Palestinian terrorists and has achieved certain results. Palestine insists that Israel's actions are invading. In September 2022, bloody conflict broke out again in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan . The number of casualties, the number of troops used, and the scale of civilian evacuation were far above the conflict in 2021. A spokesperson for the Kyrgyz side said that the Tajikistan army took the lead in opening fire at the Kyrgyz border station and used weapons such as mortars , tank and armored vehicles to bombard the Kyrgyz side, and also destroyed a large number of civilian facilities, including a border airport. The Tajik side accused the Kyrgyzstan of calling various heavy weapons, targeting Tajik houses and mosques, and intensively bombarded and shelled the Tajik villages located on the border. In September 2022, the smoke of Caucasus resurfaced. The Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan condemned the "massive damage" of the Dashkasan area, the Kerbajar area and the Rachin area. The Ministry of Defense of Armenia said that the Azerbaijan army used cannons and drones and to "complex fire" at the Armenian army in Dyermuk and other areas, which is another major escalation of tensions between the two countries.
7. The United States announced a series of documents such as the National Security Strategy
On October 12, 2022, the Biden administration released the official "U.S. National Security Strategy" during his term, establishing three key measures: to ensure the security of US critical infrastructure and enhance the influence of the United States by strengthening economic construction and investing in key technologies such as microelectronic chips and semiconductors; to strengthen economic and trade cooperation by signing trade agreements and establish a "strong alliance of countries"; to respond to competition with major powers such as Russia and terrorism. These three measures can be summarized briefly as: investment, alliance, and competition.
This strategy is positioned for the next decade of Sino-US relations, regarding China as the only "global competitor", and its intention to target China is unprecedentedly highlighted. On October 27, 2022, the US Department of Defense released three strategic documents, namely the non-confidential version of the national defense strategy, nuclear situation assessment and missile defense assessment. This is the first time that the US Department of Defense has released all major strategic reports simultaneously in a comprehensive manner. The 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) ranks first among the three strategic documents, clarifying the strategic focus to maintain and strengthen the need for the United States to deterrent against China, and to promote cooperation with growing American allies and partners on common goals. The 2022 edition of the National Defense Strategy Report has different positionings on China and Russia to regard China as a "step-by-step challenge", while Russia is an urgent threat.
8. The European Army accelerated its formation
In March 2022, a document called "Strategic Guidelines" appeared at the EU conference. This document is different from the previous political and economic resolutions of the EU, and its main content revolves around "militarization". The official document states that 5,000 soldiers who can fight at any time are necessary for the EU, and the missions performed by this force will be based on the EU as the absolute center, and at the same time have the ability to operate simultaneously in sea, land and air. It is worth noting that unlike previous proposals, this strategic guideline for forming the "European Army" has been supported by all member states. This means that the EU has officially decided to form a military force and has officially taken the first step towards militarization.
9. Promote in the controversy over the conscription reform in India
In June 2022, the Indian Ministry of Defense released a new conscription plan called "Road to Fire". According to the plan, India will recruit about 46,000 young people aged 17 and a half to 21 to join the army this year. New soldiers who enlisted will be called "fire warriors". During their service, they can receive monthly salary of 30,000 to 40,000 rupees (about 2,600 to 3,400 yuan) and receive free insurance of 4.8 million rupees (about 412,000 yuan) insured. However, unlike the previous 17-year service period for ordinary Indian soldiers, the "Fire Warrior" has only 4 years of service. After the expiration of
, about 25% of the "fire warriors" can be converted into formal non-commissioned officers and continue to serve in the military. The remaining 75% can only receive a subsidy of 1.171 million rupees (about 10,000 yuan) at one time, leave the army and seek another way out, and no longer enjoy any pension, health or education benefits. The reform sparked protests from Indian youth, with about 500 protesters excited at the train station in Seconderabad, Telangana, setting fire to railway facilities and train compartments and throwing stones at police. Young people generally believe that "entering the army is usually regarded as an important source of livelihood and career path by some poor Indian families. Where will we go after the service expires?"
10. The global arms race accelerates
2022 Australian Prime Minister Albany appointed former Minister of Defense Stephen Smith to lead the evaluation and review work, deciding how the country should deploy assets in the Pacific region and what capabilities should be prioritized to invest in, so as to prepare for military expansion. Japan announced that there will be no limit on defense fees in 2023. Relevant Japanese sources revealed that the Japanese government has started discussions in the direction of accelerating the acquisition of missiles and ammunition for use by the Self-Defense Force and expanding weapons inventory.In addition, NATO countries have "expanded their military": Poland plans to build on the "most powerful ground force " among NATO European member states; German Chancellor Scholz said that the German army would become the "largest conventional army" among NATO European member states, and said that "if necessary, Berlin will defend the NATO countries' 'every square meter of territory'; under the "heavy pressure" of NATO, Spain and other countries have also promised to increase military expenditure to 2% of GDP.
At the NATO summit on June 30, NATO Secretary-General Stoltenberg said that html would 3 The NATO rapid response force 's strength has increased from 40,000 to 300,000, which will become the largest "expansion" of NATO after the end of the Cold War . In response, Hamza Hussein, a former visiting scholar at the Stimson Center in Washington, wrote on CGTN that the "culprit" of this global arms race is the United States and the Pentagon. The Ukrainian crisis shows that easing tensions, dialogue and disarmament are the key to resolving global conflicts. However, the Pentagon continues to promote the global arms race by investing in hypersonic missile tests and billions of dollars in defense equipment.
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