At the end of in World War II, the Soviet Union seized German V-1 missile physical and technical data. Through imitation and improvement, the Soviet Union's first and world's first anti-ship missile SS-N-1 "broom" was developed in 1946.
By the early 1960s, it was equipped with various models of anti-ship missiles, including ship-based SS-N-2 "Styx", air-launched AS-1 to 5, etc. In the Third Middle East War of in 1967, Egyptian used the Soviet-made "Styx" missile to sink Israel's "Eilat" destroyer , causing the US Navy to fall into the " missile panic", because the USSR missile could sink the US surface warships such as cruiser , aircraft carrier , etc. The result is that the West led by the United States has also begun to develop anti-ship missiles on a large scale, and the naval warfare model has thus entered the missile era.
Entering the 1970s, the Soviet Union focused on the development of long-range, supersonic heavy anti-ship missiles. For example, the Kenda-class and Kresta-class cruisers are equipped with the world's first supersonic anti-ship missile SS-N-3 "Shadok" with a range of 300 kilometers;
Kiev-class aircraft carrier and Glory-class cruisers are equipped with SS-N-12 "sandbox" with a range of 550 kilometers;
small and medium-sized missile boats and frigate are equipped with SS-N-9 "Simon" with a range of 110 kilometers; the old destroyers , frigate and speedboats are equipped with improved anti-ship missiles such as SS-N-2B/C/D/E.
was equipped with the famous AS-6 "Kingyu" air-ship missile in the air, with a range of 460 kilometers (250 kilometers at low altitude ballistics), a maximum speed of Mach 3. It also has the dual attack capabilities of high-angle climbing and diving at the end of the period, and can be carried and launched by various long-range bombers such as -16, -22M, etc. Moreover, the AS-6 warhead weighs 1 ton, and the average 10,000-ton ship cannot withstand the AS-6's attack at all. The world's largest nuclear submarine force has also been established, using satellite data links, which can launch long-range anti-ship missiles to attack enemy surface ship fleets without relying on other platforms.
Software 0Software 1Software 2 using these various types of anti-ship missiles. A mature missile-ship-star data link system is used for relay guidance and coordinated through the data link to form multi-mode and multi-batch saturation attacks.
By the late 1980s, the United States equipped the "Aegis" system in order to cope with saturation attacks. In order to maintain its advantages in anti-ship combat, the Soviet Union carefully studied the technical information of the "Aegis" system, such as the detection distance and processing speed of the radar , analyzed the shortcomings of the "Aegis", and targeted the development of the SS-N-22 "Sunburning" anti-ship missile, with its air ship type X-41 "White Fly".
This missile has a maximum speed of Mach 2.5, and the end-skipping height is only 7 meters. When it appears at the "mast top distance" (referring to the 35 to 40 kilometers of the radar that can usually detect sea-skipping targets), the reaction time left for the "Aegis" is only less than 30 seconds.
There is also a air-ship missile AS-16 "recoil", with a maximum speed of Mach 5, which can be mounted by most naval aircraft such as Tu-22M, Tu-95, Su-27SK, MiG-29S, etc. After launch, it first climbs to a height of 40,000 meters. The active radar detects and locks the target, and then dives at an approximately vertical angle to accelerate to Mach 5. This kind of attack ballistic that was beyond the zenith was difficult to defend at the time of the US aircraft carrier formation.
Until the early 21st century, another anti-ship missile, SS-N-19 "shipwreck" (granite), of the former Soviet Union, was known to the world, and was equipped on Kirov-class nuclear-powered cruisers and Oscar-class navigation missile submarines. It mainly relies on satellites to provide target data and correct instructions to attack targets 550 kilometers away.
Today's Russian anti-ship weapons have developed in a more practical and flexible direction based on inheriting the design of the former Soviet Union, and paying more attention to versatility. It can be launched underwater from the submarine , and vertically from the surface ship .
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