Everyone may still have such a fresh memory, that is, at the National Day military parade on October 1, 2019, China showed the world a Dongfeng 17 intercontinental missile with a kitchen speed of Mach 15. So what is the concept of Mach 15? That is to say, this missile is a flying device that can cruise at ultra-high speed at a speed exceeding 15 times the speed of sound per second. Thanks to its ultra-high speed and super maneuverability, at that time and even now, no country's anti-missile and air defense system in the world can intercept this type of missile. The news came as a shock to the research pioneers in the field of hypersonic led by the United States. In just 16 months, in 2020, China produced another Super Storm scramjet engine with a speed of over Mach 15 and about 20,000 kilometers per hour. It ran for a full 600 seconds on an experimental device. Combined with a series of results of related research in the field of ultra-high factors that have been disclosed by various countries around the world, our breakthrough broke the world record in one fell swoop and left the United States far behind.
This model of engine is said to have been successfully tested earlier in the first half of 2021. Its theoretical maximum speed is Mach 16, which is approximately 20,000 kilometers per hour. You may not have any idea about this, but if we compare the operation time of the currently fastest Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway from Beijing to Shanghai, the distance of more than 1,300 kilometers, according to the theoretical operating speed of this type of engine, only takes 240 seconds to complete the journey. The United States is also constantly changing tracks and models in the field of hypersonic aircraft research. Although it has suffered repeated defeats, it has never given up. In comparison, with such an important powerful weapon, China comes out on top - this is our standing oblique storm scramjet engine. Let’s look at the results of this experiment. The system solved the two major technical problems of capillary cooling tube prediction and instability at normal temperature and pressure. This technology allows us to directly meet the actual needs of the corresponding field if we further break through the fuel loading problem. It can be said that everything is ready, and we only need the east wind.
detonation engine is a major disruptive innovative technology recently developed by military powers led by the United States and Russia in the past one or two decades, based on both military and civilian fields, to provide power for the hypersonic aircraft . It is a breakthrough in the technological path from scratch. On this track, China is at the forefront of the world with the world's only Dongfeng 17 intercontinental missile that can fly at high speeds in outer space and adjacent areas of the atmosphere, and the world's most advanced wind power that can test the standing oblique detonation scramjet engine. The first combination of the standing oblique detonation scramjet engine and the supersonic experimental wind tunnel fully verified the excellent performance of this type of engine in terms of thrust fuel efficiency and stability.
The basic principle of the conventional ramjet engine is like this. For the high-speed airflow blowing in the opposite direction, when it enters the engine The rear part will start to be rapidly pressurized, and the pressurized air will enter the combustion chamber for combustion, and produce high-temperature gas through combustion, which will expand and accelerate in the nozzle , and produce huge thrust in the process. my country's most advanced J-20 fighter and the American fifth-generation fighter F22 Raptor both use this engine mode.The detonation scramjet engine is an aviation ramjet engine whose intake air flow exceeds the speed of sound. Although it has similarities with the previous conventional ramjet engines, they are all used on supersonic aircraft. However, the air compressed by the ramjet engine is often decelerated before entering the combustion chamber. The detonation scramjet engine scramjet engine still compresses the compressed air during intake. While maintaining the operating speed of supersonic , the thrust generated by air combustion is geometrically enhanced, thereby achieving the goal of making the aircraft it propels fly at a faster speed. In terms of flight speed, the general speed of conventional ramjet engines is only Mach 3, and the highest is only about Mach 6; while the theoretical maximum speed of deflagration ramjet engines can reach Mach 35.
Of course, the United States' research in the field of detonation engines was much earlier than ours. It can be traced back to the 1990s. At that time, they proposed the NASP project, which was the aerospace plane plan . According to the U.S. vision at the time, the aerospace plane was expected to fly from New York to Tokyo, Japan, for up to one hour. However, due to technical reserves at the time and other reasons, especially the bottleneck in the theoretical breakthrough, it ended without any problems after a large amount of capital investment. But what is commendable is that a feasible technical route has been summed up, and it has been adopted and followed by China, the United States, Russia and other countries in the world today. Next, starting in the first few years of this century, the United States launched the famous X-43 aerospace aircraft program, and specially customized the small unmanned aircraft x-43, specifically to verify the technical feasibility of the detonation engine. In order to prove the ultra-high starting speed of the popular engine, the X-43 was successfully launched directly by a rocket and used the high-altitude environment to ignite the engine. However, this was a heroic beginning, but it was a sad story. The entire process, the X-43, only ran for 10 seconds before falling into the sea. In 2004, the X-43 made its last flight. Its speed reached a maximum speed of Mach 9.6 before it died. It basically completed its historical mission and also set a record for the highest speed in human history for an aircraft operating in an air-breathing manner in the atmosphere.
However, the x-43 did not set a clearer goal for the United States' research and development in the field of supersonics, especially its fuel selection. Although everyone agreed that liquid hydrogen fuel could theoretically provide higher carrying capacity and had better cooling effects, liquid hydrogen fuel was not used. The x-43D, which was carrying a top speed of Mach 15 at the time, was killed as a result. At the same time, the U.S. Commercial Research and Development Bureau proposed the x-43c that uses hydrocarbon fuel. In the end, the maximum speed was only Mach 6, which directly brought the popular engine-driven aircraft down to the level of conventional ramjet engines. It was really laughable. At this stage, the American ideal of a hypersonic aircraft driven by the popular scramjet engine seems to be drifting away. After all, the United States is the United States, and its superb factor plan has a new grand plan in 2010. This time it is the X-51 that shoulders the important mission to demonstrate the technical route of hypersonic strike weapons. The X-51 made its first flight in May of the same year, lasting 200 seconds, with a maximum speed of Mach 5, although it did not exceed the X-43 The maximum speed value is Mach 9.64, but it has achieved a new breakthrough in terms of continuous operation time. Four consecutive experiments were conducted in May 2013, with the average speed reaching Mach 5.1. It became the first hypersonic aircraft in the history of the United States to complete a complete flight. It also set a record for the longest continuous flight time of a hypersonic aircraft in the world at that time.
Make decisions before taking action. Based on this, the United States has proposed a new hssw weapon plan and is expected to be equipped with troops for use in 2025. It is after 2020 that China has achieved catch-up!
The standing oblique detonation scramjet engine completely independently developed by China can run at a speed of more than 5.4 kilometers per second, which is close to 70% of the first cosmic speed of , . As a new breakthrough in my country's engine field, it was officially successful on November 29, 2020, achieving a real corner overtaking of the United States.This type of engine does not need to carry oxidizer during flight and can directly extract oxygen from the atmosphere, thus saving space and weight. It can generate greater thrust under the same fuel consumption conditions. Well, a professor from the Institute of High Temperature Gas Power of the Chinese Academy of Sciences once published an article saying that this type of engine can be reused. It can take off from the airport runway, accelerate into the earth's low-Earth orbit, then re-enter the atmosphere, and finally fall into a designated area for recovery.
Judging from the wind tests that have been disclosed so far, when the engine theoretically takes off under simulated wind conditions of up to 9 times the factor, when the ultra-high wind speed hits the inlet, the engine will generate extremely high high-pressure shock waves, causing the temperature to increase rapidly, and then cause combustion in the burner through a chemical reaction with the hydrogen fuel. It can burst out fuel energy in a microsecond period, greatly improving the combustion efficiency of the engine and reducing fuel consumption. China's R&D technology line has a complete team of advanced technologies and huge room for progress. The combat power under this technology line is that the successful development of the oblique detonation ramjet engine marks that my country has caught up with Western developed countries in the aerospace field. It is a real and later challenger. It will also be widely used in the commercial aviation field. Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to call it the third technological revolution in the field of aerospace engines. In addition to the Dongfeng and 17 missiles mentioned above, my country's new Changjian 100 is also a hypersonic product based on this concept. With the blessing of this technological breakthrough, the anti-missile system deployed across the United States will completely lose its role and become a pile of scrap metal. In particular, the common 100 can choose a better flight trajectory to perfectly avoid various US anti-missile systems. As a sharp blade to protect homeland security, the Long Sword 100 has once again proved to the world that China has fully entered the world's first rank in the field of hypersonic weapons. The powerful strength burst out by China's science and technology is unquestionable, and its voice in the world will further increase in the future. Thanks to even the formulation of new rules and standards in the field of ultra-high factors, this is what we can look forward to.
As the saying goes, 20,000 kilometers passed by in vain, and the supersonic engine was born, overwhelming the crowd and winning a lot of applause. The future history of supersonic speed will be written by China. Based on this, China's national defense security and the ability to break through the anti-missile interception system will also shine and become the most important force in maintaining world peace! ! !
