On October 8, 1950, my country formally decided to send troops to aid North Korea and renamed the Northeast Frontier Defense Forces to Volunteer Army to fight. On October 19, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army officially crossed the Yalu River and headed to the North Korean front.
There are 6 armies in our first batch of war in North Korea, namely the 38th Army, the 39th Army, the 40th Army, the 42nd Army, the 50th Army, and the 66th Army. So what achievements did these six armies achieve on the Korean battlefield?
The 38th Army: The famous "Long Live Army"
html The predecessor of the 138th Army was the 1st Column of the Northeast Field Army, which is a main force of our army. The commander Liang Xingchu, known as "Liang Daya", is a famous general of our army. However, the 38th Army was not good at attacking the first counterattack, because Liang Xingchu decided to fight cautiously, considering that the US military was well equipped and had strong firepower, but it missed the opportunity for combat.
Liang Xingchu
After the war, Peng Dehuai held a meeting. He cursed Liang Xingchu at the meeting: "Liang Xingchu, people say you are a member of tiger general . I, Peng Dehuai, have never experienced it. What kind of tiger general? I think I am a rat general!"
Deputy Commander of the Volunteer Army Deng Hua hurriedly rescued: "The 38th Army is still the main force, the future is long, this battle is not well fought, and the next battle must be fought well, and the military power must be revitalized!"
年后 Peng Dehuai said, "What main force? The main force is bird!"
Liang Xingchu said, "Don't curse!"
Peng Dehuai became even more popular, and he slapped the table and said, "Don't curse? You Liang Xingchu didn't fight well, I'm just scolding you! You delayed the fighter plane and should be killed according to the law! It's polite to scold you. I Peng Dehuai don't have other skills, but I still have the ability to kill Ma Su !"
Liang Xingchu felt very uncomfortable, but he was not discouraged and took the initiative. After taking on all the responsibility, he said to the people who came to comfort him: "I, Liang Xingchu, is a blacksmith, and the 38th Army is not a piece of paper! I cannot defeat the 38th Army's prestige in the next battle, so I am not Liang Xingchu!"
1950, the Volunteer Army launched the second battle. Deputy Commander Han Xianchu handed over the task of attacking Tokugawa to Liang Xingchu. For insurance, he also wanted to transfer a division of the 42nd Army to assist in the war, but Liang Xingchu said: "We have to take the battle against Tokugawa, let the 42nd Army do whatever it should do!"
Liang Xingchu
Peng Dehuai heard this and said, "You are not very angry, you can't drive the enemy to release the sheep. What I want is to gather annihilate!"
Liang Xingchu said firmly: "There is no joke in the army, and we must ensure that the task is completed!"
On the evening of November 25, Liang Xingchu ordered the main forces of the 38th Army to attack in three groups. At 9 a.m. the next day, he occupied the highlands of the north and east of Tokugawa Castle, and surrounded the 7th Division of the South Korean in the narrow area of the Tokugawa River Valley. After 7 hours of fierce fighting, the 7th Division headquarters and its 5th and 8th Regiments were wiped out.
After the war, Peng Dehuai praised repeatedly: "The 38th Army fought well! It was good!" Mao Zedong also sent a telegram "Congratulations on your great victory in annihilation of the main force of the Second Pseudo-League."
1 On November 27, Liang Xingchu commanded the 38th Army to penetrate Sansuoli. Although Sansuoli was just a small village, its strategic position was very important and it was the only way for the enemy to go north and south to escape. Moreover, the enemy was the 1st Cavalry Division of the US Army, which enjoyed the title of "Founder Division" in the United States.
Liang Xingchu led his troops to raid and captured Sanliou in one fell swoop. Peng Dehuai was very happy when he learned about it. He said, "Tell them to nail it there like a steel nail!"
The enemy was unwilling to fail and attempted to retake Sansuli. Liang Xingchu led the troops to carry out a arduous blockade, especially the battle at Songgufeng was the most tragic. The US military dispatched more than a dozen aircraft to bomb in turn, and dozens of tanks cover infantry attacks in turn for more than 6 hours, but failed to move forward.
Songgufeng Battle
Volunteer Army finished the bullet, smashed it with a butt, picked it with a bayonet, bite it with teeth, beat it with grenade , fighting with the enemy flesh and blood. Some soldiers were ignited by gasoline bomb , and hugged the enemy and died together...
In the end, the 38th Army and the other three armies, together after 8 days and nights of encirclement and annihilation, severely damaged the 1st US Cavalry Division, annihilated more than 10,000 enemies, and achieved a major victory.
Later, the famous writer Wei Wei wrote the heroic deeds of the 3rd Company of the 1st Battalion of the 335th Regiment of the 113th Division of the 38th Army as " Who is the Cuteest Man ", published in " People's Daily ", "The Cuteest Man" became synonymous with volunteer soldiers.
After the war, Peng Dehuai was very excited and said loudly: "I want to reward them with orders!" He wrote down the reward orders in his own hand, and added a sentence specifically at the end: "Long live the Chinese People's Volunteer Army! Long live the 38th Army!"
"Long live" was a very sensitive word at the time. Several deputy commanders raised objections: "Isn't it good to write this way? There are many words to praise. Can you change it?"
But Peng Dehuai insisted: "If you fight well, it's long live! Let's send it, I'll send it. Report to the entire army and report to Military Commission ." When the commendation order for "Long live the 38th Army" was delivered to Liang Xingchu, the man who was fighting was so excited that he shed tears...
38 Army long live
Later, Peng Dehuai decided to go to the 38th Army to hold an on-site meeting, one was to summarize the experience and the other was to praise them. After everyone arrived, they joked to Liang Xingchu: "'Long Live Army'! Congratulations to you'll be 'Long Live Army'!"
The 39th Army: Breaking the myth of the undefeated US ace
The predecessor of the 39th Army was the 2nd Column of the Northeast Field Army, which is also a main force. Before the troops officially entered North Korea, in response to the "fear of the United States" of a few new recruits, the commander Wu Xinquan smiled and said, "Isn't it just an American? We not only have to touch its tiger's butt, but also take off its tiger skin!" The soldiers were immediately excited.
Wu Xinquan
On October 25, our volunteer army severely damaged the South Korean troops commanded by the 8th Army. Lieutenant General Walton Walker was very nervous. After studying the map for a long time, he decided to send the elite 1st Cavalry Division to replace the 1st South Korean Division to station Yunshan in case of an accident.
Cavalry Division was founded during the American War of Independence period. At that time, guns were widely used on the battlefield for a short time, and the high maneuverability of the cavalry could just control the disadvantages of guns being not far away and being unable to fire continuously. Therefore, this army was a strong brigade since its establishment, and it has never lost a battle in more than 170 years of establishment. It has made great achievements in both world wars and has ranked first in the US military. It is known as the "Ace" of the US military.
While Walker was dispatching troops, Peng Dehuai also set his sights on Yunshan. At this time, he did not know that the 1st US Cavalry Division had taken over the defense of the 1st South Korea Division. He gave Wu Xinquan an order to lead his troops to attack Yunshan defending the enemy. After the enemy reinforcements arrived, he would encircle three times with the 38th Army and the 40th Army, cut off the enemy's backbone in one fell swoop, and catch a turtle in a jar.
After Wu Xinquan accepted the task, he immediately led his troops to gather in Yunshan. After arriving, he decided to use the 116th Division to attack the enemy reinforcements with the 117th Division and assist with the 15th Division to block the enemy reinforcements. This plan was approved by the Volunteer Army Headquarters.
The two ace troops are about to stage a war, but until the battle begins, both sides do not know each other's identities: our army thinks the opponent is the South Korean army, while the US army thinks the opponent is the Korean People's Army.
US Cavalry 1st Division Armband
Wu Xinquan set the attack time to 19:30 on November 1. Just this day, the 8th Regiment of the 1st Cavalry Division of the US and the 12th Regiment of the 1st Division of the South Korean Army were undergoing defense replacements. Previously, many troops of the South Korean Army were ambushed by volunteers and suffered heavy losses. They had long lost their fighting spirit and just wanted to escape after the US military took over the defense. Before the US military was in place, the South Korean army began to retreat. The streets and roads inside and outside Yunshan were crowded with people and vehicles, and shouts, curses and car horns were heard.
The scouts on our front line quickly reconnaissed the enemy's movement. They mistakenly thought that the enemy defending Yunshan was about to escape, so they quickly reported to the military headquarters. "I want to run! It's not that easy!" Wu Xinquan made a quick decision and decided to advance the attack time to 17 o'clock. On October 8, 1950, my country formally decided to send troops to aid North Korea and renamed the Northeast Frontier Defense Forces to Volunteer Army to fight. On October 19, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army officially crossed the Yalu River and headed to the North Korean front. There are 6 armies in our first batch of war in North Korea, namely the 38th Army, the 39th Army, the 40th Army, the 42nd Army, the 50th Army, and the 66th Army. So what achievements did these six armies achieve on the Korean battlefield? html The predecessor of the 138th Army was the 1st Column of the Northeast Field Army, which is a main force of our army. The commander Liang Xingchu, known as "Liang Daya", is a famous general of our army. However, the 38th Army was not good at attacking the first counterattack, because Liang Xingchu decided to fight cautiously, considering that the US military was well equipped and had strong firepower, but it missed the opportunity for combat. The 38th Army: The famous "Long Live Army"
Liang Xingchu
After the war, Peng Dehuai held a meeting. He cursed Liang Xingchu at the meeting: "Liang Xingchu, people say you are a member of tiger general . I, Peng Dehuai, have never experienced it. What kind of tiger general? I think I am a rat general!"
Deputy Commander of the Volunteer Army Deng Hua hurriedly rescued: "The 38th Army is still the main force, the future is long, this battle is not well fought, and the next battle must be fought well, and the military power must be revitalized!"
年后 Peng Dehuai said, "What main force? The main force is bird!"
Liang Xingchu said, "Don't curse!"
Peng Dehuai became even more popular, and he slapped the table and said, "Don't curse? You Liang Xingchu didn't fight well, I'm just scolding you! You delayed the fighter plane and should be killed according to the law! It's polite to scold you. I Peng Dehuai don't have other skills, but I still have the ability to kill Ma Su !"
Liang Xingchu felt very uncomfortable, but he was not discouraged and took the initiative. After taking on all the responsibility, he said to the people who came to comfort him: "I, Liang Xingchu, is a blacksmith, and the 38th Army is not a piece of paper! I cannot defeat the 38th Army's prestige in the next battle, so I am not Liang Xingchu!"
1950, the Volunteer Army launched the second battle. Deputy Commander Han Xianchu handed over the task of attacking Tokugawa to Liang Xingchu. For insurance, he also wanted to transfer a division of the 42nd Army to assist in the war, but Liang Xingchu said: "We have to take the battle against Tokugawa, let the 42nd Army do whatever it should do!"
Liang Xingchu
Peng Dehuai heard this and said, "You are not very angry, you can't drive the enemy to release the sheep. What I want is to gather annihilate!"
Liang Xingchu said firmly: "There is no joke in the army, and we must ensure that the task is completed!"
On the evening of November 25, Liang Xingchu ordered the main forces of the 38th Army to attack in three groups. At 9 a.m. the next day, he occupied the highlands of the north and east of Tokugawa Castle, and surrounded the 7th Division of the South Korean in the narrow area of the Tokugawa River Valley. After 7 hours of fierce fighting, the 7th Division headquarters and its 5th and 8th Regiments were wiped out.
After the war, Peng Dehuai praised repeatedly: "The 38th Army fought well! It was good!" Mao Zedong also sent a telegram "Congratulations on your great victory in annihilation of the main force of the Second Pseudo-League."
1 On November 27, Liang Xingchu commanded the 38th Army to penetrate Sansuoli. Although Sansuoli was just a small village, its strategic position was very important and it was the only way for the enemy to go north and south to escape. Moreover, the enemy was the 1st Cavalry Division of the US Army, which enjoyed the title of "Founder Division" in the United States.
Liang Xingchu led his troops to raid and captured Sanliou in one fell swoop. Peng Dehuai was very happy when he learned about it. He said, "Tell them to nail it there like a steel nail!"
The enemy was unwilling to fail and attempted to retake Sansuli. Liang Xingchu led the troops to carry out a arduous blockade, especially the battle at Songgufeng was the most tragic. The US military dispatched more than a dozen aircraft to bomb in turn, and dozens of tanks cover infantry attacks in turn for more than 6 hours, but failed to move forward.
Songgufeng Battle
Volunteer Army finished the bullet, smashed it with a butt, picked it with a bayonet, bite it with teeth, beat it with grenade , fighting with the enemy flesh and blood. Some soldiers were ignited by gasoline bomb , and hugged the enemy and died together...
In the end, the 38th Army and the other three armies, together after 8 days and nights of encirclement and annihilation, severely damaged the 1st US Cavalry Division, annihilated more than 10,000 enemies, and achieved a major victory.
Later, the famous writer Wei Wei wrote the heroic deeds of the 3rd Company of the 1st Battalion of the 335th Regiment of the 113th Division of the 38th Army as " Who is the Cuteest Man ", published in " People's Daily ", "The Cuteest Man" became synonymous with volunteer soldiers.
After the war, Peng Dehuai was very excited and said loudly: "I want to reward them with orders!" He wrote down the reward orders in his own hand, and added a sentence specifically at the end: "Long live the Chinese People's Volunteer Army! Long live the 38th Army!"
"Long live" was a very sensitive word at the time. Several deputy commanders raised objections: "Isn't it good to write this way? There are many words to praise. Can you change it?"
But Peng Dehuai insisted: "If you fight well, it's long live! Let's send it, I'll send it. Report to the entire army and report to Military Commission ." When the commendation order for "Long live the 38th Army" was delivered to Liang Xingchu, the man who was fighting was so excited that he shed tears...
38 Army long live
Later, Peng Dehuai decided to go to the 38th Army to hold an on-site meeting, one was to summarize the experience and the other was to praise them. After everyone arrived, they joked to Liang Xingchu: "'Long Live Army'! Congratulations to you'll be 'Long Live Army'!"
The 39th Army: Breaking the myth of the undefeated US ace
The predecessor of the 39th Army was the 2nd Column of the Northeast Field Army, which is also a main force. Before the troops officially entered North Korea, in response to the "fear of the United States" of a few new recruits, the commander Wu Xinquan smiled and said, "Isn't it just an American? We not only have to touch its tiger's butt, but also take off its tiger skin!" The soldiers were immediately excited.
Wu Xinquan
On October 25, our volunteer army severely damaged the South Korean troops commanded by the 8th Army. Lieutenant General Walton Walker was very nervous. After studying the map for a long time, he decided to send the elite 1st Cavalry Division to replace the 1st South Korean Division to station Yunshan in case of an accident.
Cavalry Division was founded during the American War of Independence period. At that time, guns were widely used on the battlefield for a short time, and the high maneuverability of the cavalry could just control the disadvantages of guns being not far away and being unable to fire continuously. Therefore, this army was a strong brigade since its establishment, and it has never lost a battle in more than 170 years of establishment. It has made great achievements in both world wars and has ranked first in the US military. It is known as the "Ace" of the US military.
While Walker was dispatching troops, Peng Dehuai also set his sights on Yunshan. At this time, he did not know that the 1st US Cavalry Division had taken over the defense of the 1st South Korea Division. He gave Wu Xinquan an order to lead his troops to attack Yunshan defending the enemy. After the enemy reinforcements arrived, he would encircle three times with the 38th Army and the 40th Army, cut off the enemy's backbone in one fell swoop, and catch a turtle in a jar.
After Wu Xinquan accepted the task, he immediately led his troops to gather in Yunshan. After arriving, he decided to use the 116th Division to attack the enemy reinforcements with the 117th Division and assist with the 15th Division to block the enemy reinforcements. This plan was approved by the Volunteer Army Headquarters.
The two ace troops are about to stage a war, but until the battle begins, both sides do not know each other's identities: our army thinks the opponent is the South Korean army, while the US army thinks the opponent is the Korean People's Army.
US Cavalry 1st Division Armband
Wu Xinquan set the attack time to 19:30 on November 1. Just this day, the 8th Regiment of the 1st Cavalry Division of the US and the 12th Regiment of the 1st Division of the South Korean Army were undergoing defense replacements. Previously, many troops of the South Korean Army were ambushed by volunteers and suffered heavy losses. They had long lost their fighting spirit and just wanted to escape after the US military took over the defense. Before the US military was in place, the South Korean army began to retreat. The streets and roads inside and outside Yunshan were crowded with people and vehicles, and shouts, curses and car horns were heard.
The scouts on our front line quickly reconnaissed the enemy's movement. They mistakenly thought that the enemy defending Yunshan was about to escape, so they quickly reported to the military headquarters. "I want to run! It's not that easy!" Wu Xinquan made a quick decision and decided to advance the attack time to 17 o'clock.
6:40, our army first suppressed the enemy defending in Yunshan. Countless artillery shells fell on the US military's positions. The US commander quickly verified the rocket launcher ballistics and found that it was the 82mm Soviet-made "Katyusha" rocket launcher that appeared in the World War II in , which made the German army frightened. They then suddenly realized: the Chinese army is here!
Our army rocket launcher
7 o'clock, our army officially launched a general attack, our army rushed to the enemy's positions like a tide, and it soon became dark. Our army took advantage of the advantages of close combat and night battle, and quickly made the US army dizzy. The US military was not used to our army's tactics. The speed, accuracy and courage of our army's attack were unprecedented. A US soldier even shouted in horror: "God, this is a Chinese-style funeral!"
Fighting until 11 o'clock that night, the 39th Army had already captured all the high grounds outside Yunshan. At this time, the commanders and soldiers were surprised to find that the opponent was not Rhee's army, but the US army with yellow hair, big nose and blue eyes!
Wu Xinquan couldn't help but smile bitterly and said to the political commissar Xu Binzhou: "I originally wanted to make a piece of fat, but I was gnawing on a hard bone! No wonder I have such a strong firepower. It turned out to be the ace army of the US military!" At this time, he was both excited and nervous, and remembered his bold words before entering the court, thinking that he could finally fulfill it today.
Although the opponent's firepower was very strong, the 39th Army completely overwhelmed the Americans from their momentum under the command of Wu Xinquan. The US military soon lost its fighting spirit and rushed to flee south. Wu Xinquan ordered the 116th and 117th Divisions to chase and annihilate the remaining enemies fleeing south, and chased the enemy to the south bank of Qingchuan River until he received the order from Zhishi.
November 4th, Yunshan Battle victory ended. This first confrontation between the Chinese and American troops in modern history ended in the failure of the US military. The 39th Army killed, wounded and captured more than 2,000 enemies in Yunshan, including more than 1,800 US troops; destroyed and seized 28 tanks, more than 170 cars, and various artillery 19 doors, seized 4 aircraft, and shot down 3. Because the 3rd Battalion of the 8th Regiment of the 1st Cavalry Division of the US Army was completely wiped out by our army, the US Army was forced to revoke the number of the 3rd Battalion.
This battle broke the myth of the invincible 1st division of the American Ace Army. After the battle, the White House members questioned MacArthur Why caused the US Cavalry Division to be defeated in the Battle of Yunshan. They even had to Truman President removed MacArthur from his post. Finally, with Truman's strong support, MacArthur was spared from the fate of being dismissed.
Wu Xinquan also became famous with this battle. Since then, he continued to lead the 39th Army to rush and fight hard, taking the lead in recovering Pingyang , attacking Seoul , making a significant contribution to the victory of Resisting U.S. aggressing U.S. aggressing Korea !
The 40th Army: Fired the first shot to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
1950 On October 19, 1950, the 40th Army crossed the Yalu River under the leadership of the commander Wen Yucheng and headed to the Korean battlefield, becoming one of the earliest volunteer troops to enter North Korea to participate in the war. Peng Dehuai made clear requests to Wen Yucheng: The 40th Army is the vanguard, and the first battle abroad must be fought beautifully, show its might and destroy the enemy's arrogance.
Wen Yucheng
Just as dawn on October 25, the 360th Regiment of the vanguard of the 120th Division of the 40th Army fought a fire with the South Korean army in Yunshan, thus firing the first shot to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea.
The vanguard of the 1st Division of the Korean Army, with the cooperation of 14 tanks and self-propelled artillery, advanced north along the Yunshan to Wenjing Highway. Xu Rui, the commander of the 360th Regiment, ordered the enemy's vanguard to be let go. After the enemy's main force entered the blocking area, he ordered the enemy to open fire first. In this way, he caught the enemy off guard and captured more than 30 prisoners.
The enemy's tanks quickly launched a counterattack against our army, and the battle was extremely fierce. When Shi Baoshan, the squad leader of the 3rd Company, was facing the enemy's 8th attack, when he was exhausted, he held the only two remaining blasting tubes , shouted, "Comrades, hold on to the position and bring glory to the motherland", and finally died heroically.
Platoon Commander Liu Hansheng was deeply saddened when he saw Shi Baoshan's death. He led 18 soldiers to jump out of the fortification and drove the enemy out of the position with bayonets and stones.
The 360th Regiment started the battle less than 2 hours later, and the 354th Regiment of the 118th Division also started the battle, and the first annihilation battle after the Volunteers entered North Korea.
54 Regiment first put a vanguard of the enemy into the ambush area. After all the enemy troops entered, they suddenly launched an attack. Our army's machine gun and grenade beat the Korean army to the point of being overwhelmed. He Yiqing, the squad leader of the 60th artillery squad, fired two guns in a row. The first gun dropped a bunch of Korean soldiers, and the second gun dropped a car. This cannon was later permanently displayed in the Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution in Beijing as the "first hero of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea".
Then Zhu Chuanyu, the commander of the 354th Regiment, ordered the officers and soldiers to rush forward with bayonets, and in less than 20 minutes, the enemy troops entering the encirclement were wiped out. In this battle, a total of 1 enemy infantry battalion and 1 artillery squadron were annihilated, 485 enemies were killed, wounded and captured (including 1 US military consultant), and 163 guns, 12 artillery pieces, and 38 cars were seized.
Wen Yu prejudice that our army had achieved initial victory, and immediately ordered the 118th Division and the 120th Division to launch an attack on the South Korean army in Wenjing area in order to expand the results of the war. After fierce battle, our army annihilated more than 1,000 people from the 1st and 6th Divisions of the South Korean Army in the Liangshuidong area, achieving the first victory of the Volunteer Army's first battle into North Korea.
Wen Yucheng
0 Army emerged in this battle: the first shot of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea; the first shot of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea; the first hero Shi Baoshan appeared... After hearing the victory of the 40th Army, Mao Zedong happily said: "October 25th should be the anniversary of the Volunteer Army's going abroad."
After that, under the leadership of Wen Yucheng, the 40th Army continued to participate in the first to fifth battles, made countless military achievements, and returned from North Korea in 1953.
The 42nd Army : Huangcaoling blocking battle made Li Qiwei still feel scared 16 years later
The predecessor of the 42nd Army was the 5th Column of the Northeast Field Army. It was established in March 1948. It is a young force. Compared with the main forces such as the 38th Army and the 39th Army, there is a certain gap in strength.
But the commander Wu Ruilin was a famous general. Because he was injured many times during the war and left his leg with lifelong disability, he was given the nickname "Wu Crack". Whenever the enemy heard "Wu Crack" coming, he was frightened. The soldiers under Wu Ruilin said proudly: "We are Wu Crack's soldiers!"
Wu Ruilin
1On October 16, 1950, the 42nd Army, as the vanguard of the volunteer army, began to secretly enter North Korea, 3 days earlier than other brother troops. Soon after, the first battle began. The head of the Volunteer Army Headquarters formulated the strategy and tactics of "attacking the west and defending the east", that is, the 38th, 39th and 40th armies were responsible for the combat tasks on the Western Front. The 124th and 126th armies of the 42nd Army controlled the enemy on the Eastern Front in Huangcaoling and Yuzhanling areas. The 125th armies were assigned to the 38th armies to annihilate the enemies on the Western Front.
At that time, the enemy troops on the Eastern Front were the 10th Army of the United States, which were composed of elite US Marine Division 1, US 7th Division, Korean Capital Division, Korean 3rd Division and other troops, with a total of more than 90,000 people, far exceeding the 42nd Army in terms of number and firepower. Wu Ruilin was under great pressure to resist 90,000 people with two divisions.
Huangcaoling is located between Hanxing and Changjin Lake . It has high mountains and dense forests and a dangerous terrain. It has a view of the railway from Hamhing, Wulaoli to Sishui and the highway from Hamhing to Jiangjie. It is a must-pass place for the South Korean army to go north along the east coast. After receiving the order, Wu Ruilin immediately sent the 124th Division to quickly seize the Huangcaoling position. After five consecutive days of forced marching, the 2nd Battalion of the 370th Regiment of the 124th Division had a journey of more than 400 kilometers. Finally, at dawn on October 25, it occupied Huangcaoling in front of the South Korean army.
Huangcaoling topographic map
At around 10 am on October 25, the South Korean Capital Division rushed towards Huangcaoling. They thought the enemy in front of them was the Korean People's Army and did not take our army seriously at all. Suddenly, a firepower of heavy machine gun and 60 mortar roared. More than a hundred enemies were beaten to death before they understood what was going on, and those who were not dead were frightened and fleeing everywhere.The enemy could hardly believe their eyes. How could the Korean People's Army, which was beaten to the point of being unable to fight back by them?
The Korean army attacked our positions for 6 consecutive days, but they all suffered heavy casualties and returned in vain. Only then did they realize that the "hard bone" on the opposite side was the Chinese soldiers - China has sent troops to participate in the war!
November 1, the five-star General MacArthur, commander-in-chief of the " United Nations Army ", personally sent an instruction: the 1st Marine Division of the US Army attacked Huangcaoling. On that morning, the Marine Division of the 1st US Army, known as the "Sword of America", began to attack the defense line of the 42nd Army. The enemy dispatched more than 400 aircraft and bombed our positions. Then, under the cover of tanks and armored vehicle , the enemy rushed towards our position. Our defenders always stood firm and repelled the enemy's attacks again and again.
The angry and angry commander of the 1st US Land War Division Major General Smith sent more troops on the afternoon of November 2 to launch an attack on Yantai Peak, the throat leading to Huangcaoling. The 4th Company of the 2nd Battalion of the 371st Regiment of the 124th Division was stationed here. All the officers and soldiers of the company launched 6 rushes with the attacking enemies. All the cadres of the company died, and only 19 people were left in the company, including soldiers, health workers, correspondents, Division No. 1 .
At this critical moment, the number-man Zhang Qunsheng stepped forward and shouted to his comrades: "I am the acting company commander, come with me! People are in the position!" The soldiers fought desperately with the enemy under his leadership. In the end, there were only 8 people left in the company, but they still held the position. When the war reached this point, the US military could not hold on. At this time, Wu Ruilin made a quick decision: "No need to delay, we must counterattack, improve our position, and inform the troops to be stable, fierce and ruthless."
Then, according to Wu Ruilin's deployment, the 124th Division adopted the "sharp knife tactic" and "heart-to-heart tactic" to fight fiercely with the enemy in two parts, two battalions attacked the enemy from the left wing, and two battalions attacked the enemy from the Longshui Cave on the southeast of Yantai Peak, and one regiment detoured to the Wu Laoli to attack the rear of the US military. After a fierce battle, the situation on the battlefield was completely reversed.
Huangcaoling blocking war lasted for 13 days and nights. Wu Ruilin led his troops to annihilate nearly 3,000 enemies, blocked the 1st Marine Division of the US Army under Huangcaoling, and ensured that the main force of the Western Front Volunteer Army annihilate the enemy, making important contributions to the victory of the first battle. Peng Dehuai was very satisfied with the performance of the 42nd Army. He specially rewarded Wu Ruilin with power generation.
6 years later, Li Qiwei, who served as the commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Army", wrote in his memoir:
This elite Chinese army (referring to the 42nd Army)... They arrived at some point and ambushed in the deserted mountains and ridges of the eastern plateau of (North Korea), causing the United Nations army to fight in great difficulty and suffer losses.
Li Qiwei
50th Army: Hanjiang Blocking Battle made our army's bloody
The predecessor of the 50th Army was the 60th Army of the Kuomintang Army, and it collectively revolted on the Northeast battlefield in October 1948. In January 1949, the 60th Army was reorganized into the 50th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and Zeng Zesheng, the former commander of the 60th Army, was still the commander.
1 On January 3, 1951, in the third battle after entering North Korea, the 50th Army first defeated a battalion of the 25th Infantry Division of the United States, and then cut off the retreat of the 29th Brigade of the British Army with interweaving tactics. The 29th Brigade of the British Army participated in the World War II under the command of the famous British general Montgomery . It can be said to be a powerful brigade. The "Royal Heavy Tank Battalion" under its jurisdiction is equipped with the most advanced "Captain Hundred Man" tanks and 05 howitzer . It has become the pride of British Army with advanced weapons and equipment.
But what the British army did not expect was that the 50th Army was good at fighting tanks. It turned out that during the Taierzhuang Battle of the Anti-Japanese War, the 60th Army, the predecessor of the 50th Army, had destroyed many Japanese tanks with flesh and blood. After nightfall that day, the officers and soldiers of the 149th Division of the 50th Army used cluster grenades , explosive packs, blasting tubes, etc. to destroy and seize 31 British "centurion-style" heavy tanks that had not broken through, wiped out the "Royal Tank Battalion" of the 29th Brigade, killed more than 200 enemies, and captured 227 enemy major battalion commanders. This battle created a brilliant example of infantry destroying heavy tank on the battlefield of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea.
In the Han River blocking battle in the fourth battle, the 50th Army blocked the 3rd Division, the 25th Division, the 29th Brigade of the British Army and the 1st Brigade of Türkiye head-on. Faced with the enemy's superior forces and firepower, the 50th Army vowed to retreat to death. At the most tragic time, three or four companies died on the position one day. By February 4, 1951, only half of the division was left left in the entire army to enter the battle, but Zeng Zesheng still issued a death order to the troops: "Don't take a step back, even if the entire army is killed!"
Zeng Zesheng
In the 50-day blocking battle, the 50th Army had 7 whole companies, 31 whole platoons, and 138 whole squads. The 50th Army had lost all 7 whole companies, 31 whole platoons, and 138 whole squads. More than 20,000 people were killed and wounded, but more than 11,000 enemies were killed and wounded, more than 70 tank and armored vehicles were destroyed, and 15 enemy planes were shot down, successfully completing the blocking mission.
After the end of this battle, Peng Dehuai ordered the 50th Army to be commended in the name of the leader of the Volunteer Army Headquarters. He also said to Zeng Zesheng: "The 50th Army is good at fighting, you have good command! I want to replenish your troops, and give priority to the 50th Army's clothing!"
Zeng Zesheng said excitedly: "We have tried our best, and we can look up in front of the brothers!"
Peng Dehuai said: "What are these words? Isn’t it just an army adapted from the uprising? I, Peng Dehuai, also came from the old army like you? I, Peng Dehuai, never treated you, Zeng Zesheng as your stepmother. There are many Communist Party members in the 50th Army! "
Several years later, someone asked Zeng Zesheng the most impressive thing about which battle he had fought. He replied: " Hanjiang South Bank Defense Operation." As an uprising general, Zeng Zesheng can be proud of this kind of battle in his life.
Zeng Zesheng
66th Army: participated in the first to fourth battles in a row
The predecessor of the 66th Army was the 1st Column of the North China Military Region, and its combat effectiveness was slightly worse than that of the first five armies. However, under the leadership of the commander Xiao Xinhuai, this army also achieved good results. The army participated in the first to fourth battles in a row, killing and wounding 1627 enemy troops and capturing 3727 enemies; destroyed 21 enemy tanks and injured 56; shot down 65 enemy aircraft and injured 165 enemy aircraft; seized 163 various artillery pieces, 3781 guns and 260 cars.
Xiao Xinhuai
The most amazing thing is that on the eve of a fierce battle, when Xiao Xinhuai personally inspected the high ground of the frontier position, a US command vehicle drove up from the mountainside. Suddenly, a shuttle of bullets wiped his scalp and flew over and knocked off his military cap. Xiao Xinhuai didn't bother to pick up his hat, so he took out his pistol and fired a shuttle at the US military vehicle . The gunshots and the car stopped. The bodies of several officers were lying in the car, thus seizing three American pistols.
In the first rank awarded by the entire army in 1955, all the commanders of the above 6 armies were awarded the rank of lieutenant general. This can be said to be the best affirmation of their military achievements!
Author Profile: Brother Di, an office worker born in the 1990s, has been working full-time for two years and has published many articles of more than 100,000 on major self-media platforms. If you are interested in self-media, writing, and making money, and want to rely on off-get off work hours to do side jobs every month, you can search and follow my official account " Di Ge Sayings Shi " to discuss and make progress together.
The 360th Regiment started the battle less than 2 hours later, and the 354th Regiment of the 118th Division also started the battle, and the first annihilation battle after the Volunteers entered North Korea.
54 Regiment first put a vanguard of the enemy into the ambush area. After all the enemy troops entered, they suddenly launched an attack. Our army's machine gun and grenade beat the Korean army to the point of being overwhelmed. He Yiqing, the squad leader of the 60th artillery squad, fired two guns in a row. The first gun dropped a bunch of Korean soldiers, and the second gun dropped a car. This cannon was later permanently displayed in the Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution in Beijing as the "first hero of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea".
Then Zhu Chuanyu, the commander of the 354th Regiment, ordered the officers and soldiers to rush forward with bayonets, and in less than 20 minutes, the enemy troops entering the encirclement were wiped out. In this battle, a total of 1 enemy infantry battalion and 1 artillery squadron were annihilated, 485 enemies were killed, wounded and captured (including 1 US military consultant), and 163 guns, 12 artillery pieces, and 38 cars were seized.
Wen Yu prejudice that our army had achieved initial victory, and immediately ordered the 118th Division and the 120th Division to launch an attack on the South Korean army in Wenjing area in order to expand the results of the war. After fierce battle, our army annihilated more than 1,000 people from the 1st and 6th Divisions of the South Korean Army in the Liangshuidong area, achieving the first victory of the Volunteer Army's first battle into North Korea.
Wen Yucheng
0 Army emerged in this battle: the first shot of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea; the first shot of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea; the first hero Shi Baoshan appeared... After hearing the victory of the 40th Army, Mao Zedong happily said: "October 25th should be the anniversary of the Volunteer Army's going abroad."
After that, under the leadership of Wen Yucheng, the 40th Army continued to participate in the first to fifth battles, made countless military achievements, and returned from North Korea in 1953.
The 42nd Army : Huangcaoling blocking battle made Li Qiwei still feel scared 16 years later
The predecessor of the 42nd Army was the 5th Column of the Northeast Field Army. It was established in March 1948. It is a young force. Compared with the main forces such as the 38th Army and the 39th Army, there is a certain gap in strength.
But the commander Wu Ruilin was a famous general. Because he was injured many times during the war and left his leg with lifelong disability, he was given the nickname "Wu Crack". Whenever the enemy heard "Wu Crack" coming, he was frightened. The soldiers under Wu Ruilin said proudly: "We are Wu Crack's soldiers!"
Wu Ruilin
1On October 16, 1950, the 42nd Army, as the vanguard of the volunteer army, began to secretly enter North Korea, 3 days earlier than other brother troops. Soon after, the first battle began. The head of the Volunteer Army Headquarters formulated the strategy and tactics of "attacking the west and defending the east", that is, the 38th, 39th and 40th armies were responsible for the combat tasks on the Western Front. The 124th and 126th armies of the 42nd Army controlled the enemy on the Eastern Front in Huangcaoling and Yuzhanling areas. The 125th armies were assigned to the 38th armies to annihilate the enemies on the Western Front.
At that time, the enemy troops on the Eastern Front were the 10th Army of the United States, which were composed of elite US Marine Division 1, US 7th Division, Korean Capital Division, Korean 3rd Division and other troops, with a total of more than 90,000 people, far exceeding the 42nd Army in terms of number and firepower. Wu Ruilin was under great pressure to resist 90,000 people with two divisions.
Huangcaoling is located between Hanxing and Changjin Lake . It has high mountains and dense forests and a dangerous terrain. It has a view of the railway from Hamhing, Wulaoli to Sishui and the highway from Hamhing to Jiangjie. It is a must-pass place for the South Korean army to go north along the east coast. After receiving the order, Wu Ruilin immediately sent the 124th Division to quickly seize the Huangcaoling position. After five consecutive days of forced marching, the 2nd Battalion of the 370th Regiment of the 124th Division had a journey of more than 400 kilometers. Finally, at dawn on October 25, it occupied Huangcaoling in front of the South Korean army.
Huangcaoling topographic map
At around 10 am on October 25, the South Korean Capital Division rushed towards Huangcaoling. They thought the enemy in front of them was the Korean People's Army and did not take our army seriously at all. Suddenly, a firepower of heavy machine gun and 60 mortar roared. More than a hundred enemies were beaten to death before they understood what was going on, and those who were not dead were frightened and fleeing everywhere.The enemy could hardly believe their eyes. How could the Korean People's Army, which was beaten to the point of being unable to fight back by them?
The Korean army attacked our positions for 6 consecutive days, but they all suffered heavy casualties and returned in vain. Only then did they realize that the "hard bone" on the opposite side was the Chinese soldiers - China has sent troops to participate in the war!
November 1, the five-star General MacArthur, commander-in-chief of the " United Nations Army ", personally sent an instruction: the 1st Marine Division of the US Army attacked Huangcaoling. On that morning, the Marine Division of the 1st US Army, known as the "Sword of America", began to attack the defense line of the 42nd Army. The enemy dispatched more than 400 aircraft and bombed our positions. Then, under the cover of tanks and armored vehicle , the enemy rushed towards our position. Our defenders always stood firm and repelled the enemy's attacks again and again.
The angry and angry commander of the 1st US Land War Division Major General Smith sent more troops on the afternoon of November 2 to launch an attack on Yantai Peak, the throat leading to Huangcaoling. The 4th Company of the 2nd Battalion of the 371st Regiment of the 124th Division was stationed here. All the officers and soldiers of the company launched 6 rushes with the attacking enemies. All the cadres of the company died, and only 19 people were left in the company, including soldiers, health workers, correspondents, Division No. 1 .
At this critical moment, the number-man Zhang Qunsheng stepped forward and shouted to his comrades: "I am the acting company commander, come with me! People are in the position!" The soldiers fought desperately with the enemy under his leadership. In the end, there were only 8 people left in the company, but they still held the position. When the war reached this point, the US military could not hold on. At this time, Wu Ruilin made a quick decision: "No need to delay, we must counterattack, improve our position, and inform the troops to be stable, fierce and ruthless."
Then, according to Wu Ruilin's deployment, the 124th Division adopted the "sharp knife tactic" and "heart-to-heart tactic" to fight fiercely with the enemy in two parts, two battalions attacked the enemy from the left wing, and two battalions attacked the enemy from the Longshui Cave on the southeast of Yantai Peak, and one regiment detoured to the Wu Laoli to attack the rear of the US military. After a fierce battle, the situation on the battlefield was completely reversed.
Huangcaoling blocking war lasted for 13 days and nights. Wu Ruilin led his troops to annihilate nearly 3,000 enemies, blocked the 1st Marine Division of the US Army under Huangcaoling, and ensured that the main force of the Western Front Volunteer Army annihilate the enemy, making important contributions to the victory of the first battle. Peng Dehuai was very satisfied with the performance of the 42nd Army. He specially rewarded Wu Ruilin with power generation.
6 years later, Li Qiwei, who served as the commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Army", wrote in his memoir:
This elite Chinese army (referring to the 42nd Army)... They arrived at some point and ambushed in the deserted mountains and ridges of the eastern plateau of (North Korea), causing the United Nations army to fight in great difficulty and suffer losses.
Li Qiwei
50th Army: Hanjiang Blocking Battle made our army's bloody
The predecessor of the 50th Army was the 60th Army of the Kuomintang Army, and it collectively revolted on the Northeast battlefield in October 1948. In January 1949, the 60th Army was reorganized into the 50th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and Zeng Zesheng, the former commander of the 60th Army, was still the commander.
1 On January 3, 1951, in the third battle after entering North Korea, the 50th Army first defeated a battalion of the 25th Infantry Division of the United States, and then cut off the retreat of the 29th Brigade of the British Army with interweaving tactics. The 29th Brigade of the British Army participated in the World War II under the command of the famous British general Montgomery . It can be said to be a powerful brigade. The "Royal Heavy Tank Battalion" under its jurisdiction is equipped with the most advanced "Captain Hundred Man" tanks and 05 howitzer . It has become the pride of British Army with advanced weapons and equipment.
But what the British army did not expect was that the 50th Army was good at fighting tanks. It turned out that during the Taierzhuang Battle of the Anti-Japanese War, the 60th Army, the predecessor of the 50th Army, had destroyed many Japanese tanks with flesh and blood. After nightfall that day, the officers and soldiers of the 149th Division of the 50th Army used cluster grenades , explosive packs, blasting tubes, etc. to destroy and seize 31 British "centurion-style" heavy tanks that had not broken through, wiped out the "Royal Tank Battalion" of the 29th Brigade, killed more than 200 enemies, and captured 227 enemy major battalion commanders. This battle created a brilliant example of infantry destroying heavy tank on the battlefield of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea.
In the Han River blocking battle in the fourth battle, the 50th Army blocked the 3rd Division, the 25th Division, the 29th Brigade of the British Army and the 1st Brigade of Türkiye head-on. Faced with the enemy's superior forces and firepower, the 50th Army vowed to retreat to death. At the most tragic time, three or four companies died on the position one day. By February 4, 1951, only half of the division was left left in the entire army to enter the battle, but Zeng Zesheng still issued a death order to the troops: "Don't take a step back, even if the entire army is killed!"
Zeng Zesheng
In the 50-day blocking battle, the 50th Army had 7 whole companies, 31 whole platoons, and 138 whole squads. The 50th Army had lost all 7 whole companies, 31 whole platoons, and 138 whole squads. More than 20,000 people were killed and wounded, but more than 11,000 enemies were killed and wounded, more than 70 tank and armored vehicles were destroyed, and 15 enemy planes were shot down, successfully completing the blocking mission.
After the end of this battle, Peng Dehuai ordered the 50th Army to be commended in the name of the leader of the Volunteer Army Headquarters. He also said to Zeng Zesheng: "The 50th Army is good at fighting, you have good command! I want to replenish your troops, and give priority to the 50th Army's clothing!"
Zeng Zesheng said excitedly: "We have tried our best, and we can look up in front of the brothers!"
Peng Dehuai said: "What are these words? Isn’t it just an army adapted from the uprising? I, Peng Dehuai, also came from the old army like you? I, Peng Dehuai, never treated you, Zeng Zesheng as your stepmother. There are many Communist Party members in the 50th Army! "
Several years later, someone asked Zeng Zesheng the most impressive thing about which battle he had fought. He replied: " Hanjiang South Bank Defense Operation." As an uprising general, Zeng Zesheng can be proud of this kind of battle in his life.
Zeng Zesheng
66th Army: participated in the first to fourth battles in a row
The predecessor of the 66th Army was the 1st Column of the North China Military Region, and its combat effectiveness was slightly worse than that of the first five armies. However, under the leadership of the commander Xiao Xinhuai, this army also achieved good results. The army participated in the first to fourth battles in a row, killing and wounding 1627 enemy troops and capturing 3727 enemies; destroyed 21 enemy tanks and injured 56; shot down 65 enemy aircraft and injured 165 enemy aircraft; seized 163 various artillery pieces, 3781 guns and 260 cars.
Xiao Xinhuai
The most amazing thing is that on the eve of a fierce battle, when Xiao Xinhuai personally inspected the high ground of the frontier position, a US command vehicle drove up from the mountainside. Suddenly, a shuttle of bullets wiped his scalp and flew over and knocked off his military cap. Xiao Xinhuai didn't bother to pick up his hat, so he took out his pistol and fired a shuttle at the US military vehicle . The gunshots and the car stopped. The bodies of several officers were lying in the car, thus seizing three American pistols.
In the first rank awarded by the entire army in 1955, all the commanders of the above 6 armies were awarded the rank of lieutenant general. This can be said to be the best affirmation of their military achievements!
Author Profile: Brother Di, an office worker born in the 1990s, has been working full-time for two years and has published many articles of more than 100,000 on major self-media platforms. If you are interested in self-media, writing, and making money, and want to rely on off-get off work hours to do side jobs every month, you can search and follow my official account " Di Ge Sayings Shi " to discuss and make progress together.
