The male protagonists in the anti-Japanese film and television works always have one or two deputys around who are called "guardians". However, not everyone can equip this "guardians". Only senior generals and national leaders can enjoy this special treatment.
What is "guardian"
From a literal point of view, guards mainly have two tasks: "police" and "guard".
"Police" is to use armed forces to solve dangerous and urgent events, and "guard" is to defend and protect.
So the role of the guard is to use armed forces to protect people's lives, health and safety.
However, the guards are also divided into three different levels. The lowest level is the guards in uniforms at the door of ordinary units. Such guards are generally not national civil servants, so they are just the role of security guards .
The second level guard is Guard Force . This type of guard is a police type affiliated with the public security department, which is what we often call police .
and third-level guard refers to the Central Guard Corps, National Guard and personnel in the army . The Chinese Civil Guard is based on the armed police force and combined with the active paramilitary force organized by the People's Liberation Army.
exclusive guards belong to this third type of guard. They not only need to assist in the daily work of their superiors, but also ensure the safety of their superiors' lives. They have high professional qualities, and they have certain military ranks themselves, and are not ordinary soldiers.
After the military reform in 2016, the term "guardian" was replaced by "staff officer" and "assistant", but the essence of its work has not changed.
Guards are also divided into two types. One is an ordinary guard who is a non-commissioned officer, who is an assigned management guard, and the other is a guard staff officer who is an officer. This means a dedicated guard.
Generally, only senior military officers and important national figures who need key protection will have guards. The guards of generals in the army are generally his subordinates, while the guards of national leaders are specifically responsible for Central Guard Bureau .
Since guards often get along with important leadership tasks day and night, the screening conditions for guards are usually very strict. Not only should they have strong combat capabilities, but they also have certain common sense of life and the ability to deal with things in a calm and orderly manner when facing dangers.
The most important thing is that the guards' thoughts and political background must be flawless, which leads to the strict review procedures for selecting guards. From the birth of the family to the personal experience, from political quality to military quality, from physical health to bad habits, even the small details of sleeping and talking to sleep will not be spared.
After such a review, those who can become guards are naturally talents who can stand on their own.
Therefore, there are many famous people who are from police officers.
Premier Zhou’s guard Wu Shengkai successively participated in the anti-encirclement and suppression struggle in the Central Soviet Area, as well as the battles in Changsha, Longgan and Jianning. The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in full swing to the War of Liberation, and participated in the Hundred Regiments War that shocked China and the world and the Niangziguan Battle, etc., and finally promoted to commander of the Heihe Military Sub-district.
summer pages security guard yuan Huaide 962 went to Guizhou Provincial Public Security Department labor reform system to do technical work, and in 1979 he worked as an engineer in the Horticulture Research Institute.
In the war era, cadres at the regiment level and above can have exclusive guards, which can be seen in many anti-Japanese film and television works. There are always one or two right-hand assistants around the regiment commander, and the two cooperate very well, one by one and one by one by one. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, our country's army also underwent a series of reforms, and the guards and their guard organizations have all changed.
Chairman Mao and the Guard Corps
In May 1953, the Central Military Commission ordered a regiment to be drawn from the Public Security Guard Division to take on the guard tasks of the Party Central Committee and the Secretary of the Central Secretariat.
After some discussion, the superior decided that the deputy political commissar of the Public Security Guard Division, Zhang Yaoci, , should serve as deputy director of the Ninth Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security and head of the Central Guard Regiment.
Because the Central Guard Corps will directly take on the task of defending the security of the Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao, he said to Wang Dongxing, Director of the Security Bureau of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee: "This task is arduous and the responsibility is very important. I have little relevant experience, I am afraid that if I don't do it well, the task will not be completed. Otherwise, you should choose another capable and experienced comrades!"
"This matter has been decided by the party organization." Wang Dongxing said, "Don't shirk away. The current task is to quickly form the Central Guard Corps."
Zhang Yaoci is also an old guard from the Red Army . Seeing that he said this, he no longer refused.
Then, Wang Dongxing told him that after consultation, the Central Guard Regiment will be formed based on the 1st Regiment of the Public Security Division, which will be generally led by the Ministry of Public Security, and the establishment will be General Staff Department of the Military Commission, and the security tasks will be led by the Ninth Bureau of Public Security, and Yang Dezhong serves as the political commissar.
In this way, Zhang Yaoci became the first commander of the Central Guard Regiment. After taking office, he immediately began to form a force.
Zhang Yaoci is very familiar with the work of the guards. In just a few days, he selected more than 1,000 cadres and soldiers, and formed according to the formation based on the 1st Regiment.
After these tasks were completed, Zhang Yaoci went to the General Staff Department of the Military Commission to report on the establishment situation. The head of the General Staff Department said: "According to the organization sequence of the troops, the code name of the Central Guard Regiment is 8341 Unit ."
After returning, Zhang Yaoci said to Wang Dongxing: "In order to keep it confidential, the Central Guard Regiment does not regard the police." The name of the Guard Corps is external, and only this code is used to contact work. Do you think it is okay? "
" Very good!" Wang Dongxing said, "In the future, cadres and soldiers wrote letters from their families and communicated with relatives and friends, and they were all under the code name of the '8341 Unit'."
On the morning of June 9, Zhang Yaoci and others held a meeting of cadres above the platoon at the regiment headquarters of Zhongnanhai . At the cadre meeting, Zhang Yaoci solemnly conveyed the news of the establishment of the Central Guard Regiment and announced the specific appointments of the positions of the Central Guard Regiment, the political commissar, deputy head of the regiment and chief of staff of the regiment command. After
, Zhang Yaoci explained the organization of the regiment to the participants, and according to the instructions issued by the Ministry of Public Security, he made detailed tasks and requirements for the specific work of the upcoming Central Guard Corps.
On the afternoon of June 22, all the cadres and soldiers of the regiment held a military conference at the East Eighth Institute of Zhongnanhai. After the meeting, the Central Guard Regiment officially took over the security tasks assigned by the Ministry of Public Security and the General Staff Department, which were specifically two major parts:
First, it is responsible for protecting the safety of the five major secretaries of the Central Committee, Chairman Mao, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai and Chen Yun; second, it is responsible for the security of the members of the Central Political Bureau living in Zhongnanhai, the leadership organs of the party, government and military, as well as the heads and organs living in Yuquanshan, and the new sixth institute.
Among them, Chairman Mao’s inner guard is the first squadron of the First Brigade.
Interestingly, after the first squadron took over the guard mission, the first thing was not to catch spies, but to fight sparrows.
At this time, Chairman Mao still maintained the habit of the war era, working at night and sleeping during the day.
There are many sparrows in Zhongnanhai, chirping during the day.
On one day, a guard soldier suggested: "These sparrows are annoying. In order to give the chairman a quiet environment when sleeping, we will kill the weeds and destroy the sparrow nest."
Then, under the leadership of the squadron leader Han Qingyu , after several days of hard work, everyone smashed all the sparrow nests nearby.
The sparrows have no habitat, but no other place to settle down, so most of them are still stranded in Zhongnanhai. In this way, the sound of sparrows is not small.
This way is not a solution. The soldiers got together and decided to come up with a good way to do it once and for all.
A soldier accidentally glanced at the soil outside the window and suddenly remembered the scene of fighting sparrows when he was a child. Isn’t loose blocks of soil the best way?
So he immediately shouted, "You can use the soil blocks! The soil blocks are pressed, and the soil is scattered and the birds fly, but there is no sound."When Han Qingyu, the captain of
, heard this, he suddenly felt enlightened and said repeatedly: "This method is the best! "
With a command, the soldiers immediately began to collect the soil of the clots and looked at the chirping sparrows with the soil. As they expected, the sound of the soil falling on the ground was low, and the sparrows were frightened and flew away. The effect was really good.
After driving the birds away, a "scholar" in the squadron wrote a poem and posted it on the propaganda column. One of the sentences was:
birds, please don't sing, don't yell, let the leader sleep comfortably. In the afternoon, he will meet advanced workers and make a work report to the evening.
soldiers guard their leaders with their loyalty and do their best.
ht After ml0, whether Chairman Mao is in Zhongnanhai or on patrol, the first squadron follows him, and is with Chairman Mao every day, becoming Chairman Mao’s "Ace Iron Guards".
Guards after the military reform
0 Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Chairman has proposed a series of new concepts for strengthening military construction and officially reforming the army in 2016.
Theoretically, after the reform, majors or officers above can be equipped with senior guard staff as officers, that is, assistants of officers, and captains can be equipped with an ordinary guard who is a soldier.
According to the implementation plan of the military reform in 2016:
The army's central chief of staff and first deputy chief of staff are the ranks of general, deputy chief of staff are the ranks of lieutenant general, senior chief of staff are the ranks of major general, and chief of staff are the ranks of colonel; the division commander is the major general, chief of staff are the ranks of colonel, and chief of staff are the ranks of lieutenant colonel and major.
Brigade commander is the colonel, deputy brigade commander and chief of staff are the ranks of lieutenant colonel and brigade staff are the ranks of major. At the same time, the staff in command organs at all levels of the army, and the intermediate and above officials and officials are all called staff personnel, and the ranks of major are above major. The original titles of "political officer" and "logistics assistant" are officially cancelled.
The ranks of the regiment commander and the ranks of the ranks of lieutenant colonel and deputy regiment commander are the ranks of It is a major.
Battalion Commander is a major. He can have an officer and a non-commissioned officer as the assistant battalion commander. The rank of the battalion commander is captain, and the rank of the non-commissioned officer is first-class sergeant commander . Generally speaking, the battalion commander is the regiment commander and deputy regiment commander.
The company commander who is also a captain can also have a non-commissioned officer as the company commander assistant, and his rank corresponds to the second-class sergeant commander ; in terms of platoons, the platoon commander is lieutenant and the deputy platoon commander is the second-class lieutenant; the rank of the colonel and the rank of the fourth-class sergeant commander will be cancelled, and the rank of the soldiers below the non-commissioned officer is set to second-class 4th-class, namely, corporal, sergeant, sergeant .
At the same time, the 16-year military reform has also changed the organization of the National Guard, shifting the task of protecting national leaders from the People's Liberation Army to the Guard.
Chinese National Guard is a regular active paramilitary force owned by the state.
Its main tasks can be roughly summarized as protecting the border, guarding important national goals and military facilities, handling emergencies, combating terrorism, rescue and disaster relief, safeguarding national security and social stability. It can be said to be an important auxiliary and reserve force for the three armies of the land, navy and air.
can provide various service support to the land, navy and air force in daily activities, coordinate the army, navy and air force to fight in wartime, and can also be transferred to the army, navy and air force in an organized manner.
In other words, the Guard is adapted from the People's Armed Police Force based on the Chinese People's Armed Police Force and integrated relevant People's Liberation Army troops.
Regarding the National Guard, it can be divided into four tasks: border defense, mobile combat, guarding the central headquarters and combat engineering support.
In 2016, the army reformed and reorganized the border defense army, merged the public security border defense departments that belong to the category of armed police and the People's Liberation Army border defense forces, collectively known as the border defense force of the Chinese National Guard. It has a 210,000 personnel and a relatively independent border defense force headquarters to uniformly manage border and coastal affairs. It has eleven border defense detachments under its jurisdiction and is deployed in border coastal areas.
In the mobile combat part, the military reform merged and adapted the armed police provincial corps, various mobile divisions and the People's Liberation Army's troops responsible for independent mobile combat tasks and garrison guards in big cities and key military targets into the National Guard Internal Guard Force.
Mobile troops are mainly responsible for cross-regional anti-terrorism and emergency response tasks, equipped with a certain number of heavy weapons, and their strength is roughly equivalent to that of the Army's motorized infantry division, and can be directly invested in mobile combat during wartime.
In terms of guarding the head of the army, the military reform handed over the tasks of guarding the central head of the army from the People's Liberation Army to the National Guard. Correspondingly, the Central Guard Bureau, which originally belonged to the jurisdiction of the People's Liberation Army, and its subordinate troops were all transferred to the National Guard.
The relevant systems of the guards and guards are constantly changing, but it cannot be denied that from the war period to the present peaceful era, guards play an extremely important role in the army, and the relationship between guards and their leaders is far more than superiors and subordinates.
2020, the old man Liang Shouqian, who was 92 years old, who was once Chairman Mao’s guard, would also make a special trip to Xiangshan Revolutionary Memorial Hall to recall every detail with Chairman Mao.
In 2021, the reporter found Li Dongde, who participated in the Changjin Lake Battle, and was the guard of the 180th Regiment of the 60th Division of the 20th Army of the Volunteer Army, and joined him in commemorating the regiment commander and his compatriots who died heroically during the battle.
In 2022, Xu Yuanchuan, who had served as a guard of Xu Shiyou, Tan Zhenlin and others, also expressed his wish to find his old comrades in blood through interviews with reporters.
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"A 90-year-old veteran of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea Reminiscing the Fierce Fight against Changjin Lake: Hope to Find Old Comrades"; China News Network ; 2022.2.11
