Sangu River destroys the remnants of Japanese and puppet forces
"Sangu River Battle" is the first battle I commanded after I arrived in the Northeast under the leadership of Commander Xiao Hua . It is a battle that has been carefully arranged, carefully commanded and achieved the expected results. The victory of this battle has a great impact.
In mid-September 1945, we arrived in Anton. At this moment, the Soviet Red Army had already surrendered the Japanese Kwantung Army along the railway and in the big cities in accordance with the Japanese surrender agreement. The city's security police and the so-called "national army" of the puppet Manchukuo took advantage of the chaos and scattered into groups, disguised themselves as they fled to the large forest in the Sanguliu area 25 miles away from An East and West North.
, especially the railway police on the Anfeng Line and Andong Railway Station, they turned into pieces and disguised themselves as railway workers, technicians, etc.; they also used the names of "prostitute house", "war criminals' home", "wife of Japanese war dead", and "beauty plan" to lure a few lower-level officers and soldiers in the Soviet Red Army to confuse the Soviet Red Army, and thus protect and cover more than 100 Japanese Kwantung Army, major generals and civilian officials, and hundreds of lieutenant-level officers among the 120,000 Japanese immigrants in Andong City. At that time, the Soviet Red Army had just entered the Northeast and did not understand the situation of the Japanese army, nor the situation of our party and our army, nor the situation of the Kuomintang's Anton Provincial Party Committee and its spy activities. As a result, these Japanese, pseudo-remium forces and spies basically controlled the transportation system and some service industries of the Anton (Anton) and Shenyang (Shenyang) railway.
Japanese fascist imperialists were unwilling to fail, so they used these hidden personnel to respond. Some were scattered into stocks and lurking in the forest areas in the mountains, trying to daydream, while others disguised themselves as the people waiting for Chiang Kai-shek . The Kuomintang army came to take over, and some were preparing to make a comeback to hold a counter-revolutionary riot. In short, these days and pseudo-remium forces did not give up. Instead, they dreamed and waited for the right opportunity to cooperate with the urban riots and the remaining bandits hidden in the mountains to implement their reactionary plan to seize Andong City.
From October 1945, our army successively entered Andong City. In order to implement the policy of "developing northward and defending southward" and "seizing the Northeast", the central government dispatched 100,000 troops from Shandong, East China and North China, and 20,000 cadres to the Northeast. Among them, a group of women and young cadres were transferred from Shandong to Northeast China to participate in various work. Most of these cadres boarded the boat from Huangxian and Longkou in Jiaodong, arrived at Pikou and Zhuanghe and , and then arrived in Andong City. These cadres entered the city for the first time from various battlefields. There are about 400,000 or 500,000 residents in Andong City, of which Japanese immigrants account for one-half of the city's population.
The hidden Japanese fascist militarists colluded with the Kuomintang spies to attack and shoot our cadres. Some women cadres were raped, kidnapped and disappeared. This kind of incident happened frequently, attracting serious attention from the leaders of the Southeast Manchurian Branch and the Southeast Manchurian Military Region. The leaders conducted serious analysis and research on these incidents, made instructions, and took the following measures:
1. Educate the cadres and troops who have arrived in Andong. It is stipulated that they do not leave the resident at night and do not go out alone during the day. When it is necessary to go out, three or five people can travel with them.
2. Japanese residents are divided into five districts, and sudden searches are carried out, and all suspicious people are detained and reviewed, and searched every three or five days. You can follow the method of Japanese imperialism in ruling our people, and use the form of "ten families, one alliance" and "five families, one insurance" to order the alliance and protection organizations to report to us on time. Those who fail to report within the deadline will be punished. This method also plays a certain role. Residents who have just fled from other places must report to the street. We will investigate the situation and promptly explain the situation to the Soviet army commander stationed in Andong City, so that they can be clear and alert, so as not to be deceived and be exploited by Japanese and puppet spies.
These Japanese fascist imperialists and Kuomintang spies also used the means of assassinating Soviet Red Army officers and soldiers, and then blamed our army for being responsible to provoke the relationship between our army and the Soviet army. Since some lower-level officers of the Soviet army did not understand the situation, it was difficult for us to listen to the opinions of our army leaders for a while, some accidents that should not have happened also occurred.For example, Anton and some railway departments on the Anshen Line have become shelters for Japanese imperialists and Kuomintang spies. When they cannot live in cities and suburbs, they scattered to the mountains and forests to fight against us. Some people went from Andong City to hide in the forest in the ravine east of Sanguliu and Jiuliancheng. Wherever these outlaws passed, they robbed the masses of food, slaughtered chickens, ducks, cattle, and sheep from the masses, robbed clothes, raped women, and committed heinous crimes. The masses came to report to me with resentment.
After receiving the report, we immediately equipped the direct detachment of the agency at that time, which is now the 370th Regiment of the 42nd Army, with some of the guns secretly asked from the Soviet Red Army and the weapons confiscated from the city by our army, and for emergency training. According to reports from our scouts and the masses, it was confirmed that more than 1,000 people were indeed carrying light machine guns and more than 700 long and short guns, and were active in the Sanguliu area. Therefore, it was decided to use four infantry battalions, one heavy machine gun company and one mortar company, to attack the enemy in different directions. Comrade Zhai Yidong led a battalion, hidden in the northwest corner of Sanguliu. Wang Kui first led a battalion (a passing force) and detoured to the northeast corner of Sanguliu. Wang Ziheng Comrade led two companies to block the enemy in the west of Sanguliuliu. We led the machine gun company and an infantry company to the south of Sanguliuliu. When the enemy was forced to flee into the ravine forest south of Sanguliuliu, we launched a three-sided encirclement and annihilated the enemy in the ravine.
It is estimated that after the enemy is surrounded, it may rush over the railway towards Hamatang and flee into the forest north of Jiulian City. Therefore, I sent Comrade Huang Guozhong to lead a battalion to hide south of the Hamatang Railway, control several hills, and annihilate the enemy that fled eastward on the railway. I decided to fire first in the north, and force the remaining bandits to fight stubbornly in the deep forest of the ravine. I concentrated the artillery company and light and heavy machine guns to attack the enemy, and pressed the enemy into the ravine and annihilated it. The
operation achieved the expected effect, and our army was in a very favorable situation. The mortar, light, and heavy machine guns, fired together, attacked three times, and finally pressed the remaining bandits into a small ravine. After 5 hours of fierce fighting, the enemy forced to surrender. This battle captured more than 780 Japanese lieutenant generals (more than 320 Japanese officers) and seized more than 900 light and heavy machine guns, grenade launchers, , long and short guns, more than 500,000 bullets of various types, 23 cars, and part of military supplies. After the battle ended, we returned triumphantly.
After this battle, Comrade Xiao Hua personally explained the situation to the Commander of the Soviet Red Army in Andong. According to the prisoner's confession: Andong Railway System (train station), more than 500 or 600 Japanese and puppet troops were preparing to flee, and the enemy was surrounded by us. Gelnius, the commander of the Soviet army in Andong, understood these situations and agreed that we would solve the problem of the railway station. At the same time, they also agreed to organize troops to assist us in solving the railway stations of Anton to Benxihu , and also agreed to our dispatch of troops to take over. They also seized more than 500 long and short guns and 200,000 bullets.
So far, we have controlled the commanding heights of Andong and all the major traffic routes. The Japanese and puppet military spies disguised as hidden on the railway were also forced to surrender to me. More than 700 people below Japanese Lieutenant General Akata Yuto, the director of the puppet Manchukuo Railway, were found. More than 50 Japanese Kwantung Army officers were found, including major generals, col.
This operation carried out seven major and small battles, captured more than 1,600 enemies, killed and injured more than 370 enemies, seized more than 3,000 ins and pistols, more than 200,000 bullets of various types, 5 transceivers, battle knives, and other military supplies, and more than 20 cars. What is more important is that the gains of this battle were completely annihilated the strongest of the ten special agent teams of the Japanese Kwantung Army. According to the prisoner's confession, "This special agent team will not only have no problem forming a division, but also have the strongest combat effectiveness. As long as the equipment is solved, it will be able to fight the Eighth Route Army to the end." They have attacked Siberia in the Soviet Union many times, achieved successful battles, and received various commendation badges from the Japanese Kwantung Army headquarters. More than 100 were found during this battle.
After this battle, the Soviet Red Army solved the issue of trust in our party and army. Using documents and badges to speak, and using facts as proof is a hundred times better than the general introduction.Among the seized cultural relics, there are badges that attacked the Soviet Union more than ten times. The captain of this special agent team is the colonel (the leader of the regiment) named Zuo Teng Xiongyi. He fought to the end and committed suicide (it was the confession of the prisoner).
In this battle, three copies of military maps in the Northeast region, including Rehe , were seized. This is an important tool for me to solve the combat command of the Northeast battlefield. He received praise from Political Commissar Luo Ronghuan, Northeast Military Region.
Experience of winning the first victory of Northeast China:
1. "Without investigation and research, there is no right to speak." This is the teaching given to us by Chairman Mao Zedong, and it is even more so for war. If you don’t understand the enemy’s situation and have accurate information, you will not be able to win a battle. This is the law of history. The victory of this battle is to prove this historical law more accurately. The Soviet Red Army entered South Manchuria after annihilated the main force of the Japanese Kwantung Army. As soon as we entered Andong City, we began to investigate and study. We investigated and studied one by one on how the Japanese Kanto Army was annihilated and taken over by the Soviet army; how the pseudo regime and personnel handled it, etc.
A preliminary investigation and research was conducted on the situation of various social classes, the situation of landlords, rich peasants and poor tenants, and the situation of ordinary citizens and capitalists in cities. Then organize it into materials, print it to the troops and newly arrived cadres and troops, and also to our newly established county and district-level units to educate cadres and staff. At that time, the people of Northeast China who were ruled by Japanese imperialism lived a life of suffering and were in dire straits. People have no food to eat, they use the rationed acorn noodles to satisfy their hunger, and they do not wear cotton coats in winter, and cover their bodies with sacks and straw bags. The lives of farmers in rural mountainous areas are even more miserable and harder. We select typical materials and print them into textbooks to educate cadres and soldiers transferred from our base area to improve their class awareness and inspire national hatred. We will also inform everyone of the enemy's special operations, be vigilant and prevent hidden enemy damage. Improve the fighting spirit of our party, government, military and civilians, and be ready to fight at any time. The above work has played a great educational and encouraging role in the troops and cadres.
From the documents seized in the battle, it can be divided into three groups and expand three divisions. One way to Buyun Mountain in the south of Payan, the second way to Motianling in the north of Payan, and the third way to horse racing game north of Kuandian to fight guerrillas. Then he prepared to form an army, with the pseudo-Anton Governor Cao Chengzong as the commander, and cooperated with the Kuomintang to take over Anton. These materials are living evidence of the combination of Japanese and puppet spies and the Chiang bandits and the Kuomintang.
2. Actively solve the equipment problems of the troops. The armed forces are an extremely important measure to prepare for combat missions. According to the central government's instructions to "take the Northeast", all troops transferred to the Northeast will leave their original weapons in the pass: "Each squad brings one gun, and each company or battalion only brings one light machine gun." Therefore, after all troops rushed to the Northeast first, they faced an emergency task of solving equipment problems on the spot. At that time, Comrade Xiao Hua was mainly responsible for solving the equipment and modification of the troops, and became an important base for our troops out of customs.
At that time, weapons originated from two aspects. One was to confiscate the enemy's weapons in the bandit suppression. In just one or two months of bandit suppression, five or six thousand enemy light weapons (various guns) (mainly in the railway system), which played an important role in equipping the troops. The second is to maintain good relations with the Soviet Red Army, communicate information, understand each other, support each other, and cooperate closely, and carry forward the spirit of internationalism. The Soviet Red Army confiscated some of the weapons of the Japanese and puppet troops and handed them to us some secretly to equip our troops. It quickly made our army equipped with strong troops and elite troops who can fight and fight well.
3. In this battle, three types of maps of important strategic significance were seized. The preservation of a complete set of maps of one 50,000, one 200,000 and one 250,000 in Northeast China became a priceless treasure for strategic command in the Northeast battlefield at that time.After seizing this set of maps, Comrade Xiao Hua said happily, "Old Wu, this is more important than aircraft, cannons and gold and silver treasures! It is even hundreds of times more than them. This is a winning product with strategic significance to the Northeast battlefield." He put down other daily work and immediately went with me to inspect the situation of Anton Printing Factory, ready to copy it immediately. He also sent to defend the Ministry and propaganda cadres to strengthen the leadership and management of the printing factory. Comrade Xiao Jianfei of the Operations Department was ordered to guide the copying. Comrade Xiao Hua personally sent a letter to the responsible person in charge of Dalian , and was about to copy the map paper. The successful copying of the map solved the problem of our military map in the entire Northeast battlefield.
Comrade Luo Ronghuan came from the Northeast Bureau to Andong and smiled happily, saying with great joy: "The 50 maps you send to the headquarters are very important, but it is not enough to solve the major problem of combat command in Northeast China." I replied: "We will continue to print and continue to send them." Political Commissar Luo also pointed out: "You will make a set of bottom plates for each of the three proportions of maps to the Northeast headquarters so that the headquarters can print and distribute them to the Northeast army for long-term combat use of the entire Northeast army." He also personally sent a telegram to the headquarters and sent a dedicated person to be responsible for management and printing.
4. Under the instructions of Comrade Xiao Hua, I personally organized and led the cadres of the directly affiliated detachment, regiment, battalion and company to observe the terrain, especially to first get familiar with the terrain and road conditions of various streets in Andong City, urban and suburbs of Japanese residential areas, as well as the terrain and road conditions of more than 20 kilometers nearby and mountain forest areas.
Based on past combat experience, we adopt the method of looking at, researching and explaining tasks on the spot. The sudden search of the streets played a great role, and the extermination of the Japanese and puppet troops who flew to the suburbs also played a great role. We have also made full use of the key points to control cities and the commanding heights to control in suburbs. In the direction where the Japanese and puppet troops might flee, set up ambush and other tactics. During the battle between Sanguliu Mountain Valley, we estimated in advance that under my attack, the enemy might flee to the forest area east of the Hamatang Railway. I set up two ambush points here and controlled three key points with two companies. When a group of bandits led by a major general of the Japanese army rushed to the east of the railway, they were violently attacked by our ambush. My pursuers arrived and soon wiped out the fleeing enemy.
5. The unforgivable Anton Pseudo Governor Cao Chengzong was injured and the police chief Wang Liming of Anton Province was killed.
Cao Chengzong was nicknamed "Cao Papi" and Wang Liming was nicknamed "Wang Tanren". They all committed numerous crimes and cruelly exploited and suppressed the people. It is necessary to pay more than 100 heavy taxes to plunder people's wealth. Not only the grassroots people hate them to the core, but even well-known figures in the business circles of Andong City call them filial sons and grandsons of Japanese imperialism, and devoted themselves to the big spy and traitors. During his tenure as puppet governor, Cao had more than ten Japanese consultants. Especially the military adviser Gan Yejinyi is even more cruel to the people of Northeast China. The pseudo-governor Cao Chengzong deposited tens of thousands of dollars in banks in Japan, Britain and the United States, and controlled more than a dozen factories in Andong, including more than 420 large, medium and small companies. We respect the opinions of the masses and confiscated his property according to regulations. In this battle, he was injured and later executed by the masses. Wang Liming, the pseudo-police chief nicknamed "Wang Tan Ren", committed even more crimes and was shot dead by me in this battle. The masses were full of righteousness towards him, and they all expose him to the public, and we confiscated his property.
In this battle, these two big bullies were eliminated, and the people and the army were greatly boosted. It played an extremely important role in completely destroying the Japanese and puppet regimes at all levels. It won the victory of taking over the Anfeng (An and Shenyang) Railway, confiscating more than 1,200 guns and more than 200,000 bullets.
6. Relief urban unemployed workers and urban poor and help solve their living difficulties. Publicizing the propositions and policies of our party and army, improving the awareness of the masses, mobilizing to join the army, expanding the troops, and improving the combat effectiveness of the troops are one of the important factors in winning.
uses a typical example of great suffering and deep hatred to accuse Japanese fascist militarism and the crime of collusion between Chiang bandits and Kuomintang spies, educate the general public, improve the class and national awareness of the masses, and call on the masses to join the army enthusiastically. Within half a month, thousands of people joined our army, strengthening and enriching our army's combat power.
7. Assault training troops (including military training and political training) are also one of the important factors in the victory of this battle.
Due to the expansion of the troops, the number of new components has increased, and many new cadres have been promoted, and the combat conditions are also different from those within the pass. This is a cold place, with ice and snow covering the mountains. Based on these actual situations, emergency training must be carried out in a targeted manner, and no combat can be fought immediately without training. Therefore, the troops must expand, equip and conduct political and military training. During military training, we will first solve the problem of shooting guns, throwing grenades and , using light and heavy machine gun shooting, grenade launchers, mortars and other weapons. These are all urgent response measures. The content of political training is: it mainly solves the fundamental problem of who to join the army, who to serve, and who to fight for. Solving this problem is to improve the new recruits' confidence and courage to participate in the war. After the victory of the battle, morale was boosted and the soldiers' desire for war was increased.
8. Strengthen political propaganda and agitation work.
calls on the masses to defend victory, consolidate the results, expand the victory, and fight for the future liberation of the entire Northeast. Although the troops suffered casualties, their morale was full. Although the climate is severely cold, all cadres and soldiers transferred from Shandong, East China and North China quickly adapted to the severe cold climate of Northeast China. On the battlefield, strengthen political offensives and shout to the enemy. For ordinary soldiers in the enemy and puppet army, we shall follow the prisoner policy of our army. Treat the captives differently from the surrenders. For those who surrender, they are educated and released and returned home. After the prisoners are interrogated, they shall be analyzed in detail and treated differently according to their circumstances. Those who are very angry with the public will have to be sentenced to public trial. This not only calms public anger but also boosts morale.
9. Do a good job in mass work on the battlefield.
The villages that fought this time were areas that had suffered long-term exploitation and harm from the Japanese and puppets, and the people's lives were very hard. Especially in the past half a month, he has been brutally trampled by Cao Chengzong (Cao Baosai) and Wang Liming (Wang cannibalism). After the battle, they were relieved and condolent to them, publicized the policies and policies of our party and army, and called on the masses to organize themselves, organize self-defense forces, and protect their homes. Quickly organize the masses and distribute the harvested spoils and non-war materials to the masses in large quantities. The injured people in the battle were also sent to the hospital for treatment. Some people who collude with the enemy and send intelligence to the enemy to sell the interests of the people will be executed on the spot. The results of these work have expanded the prestige of our party and our army among the masses. Gradually establish the party organization. Wherever there are bandit activities, the masses will report to me immediately, further strengthening the relationship between the military and civilians.
10. Aftermath work.
A memorial service was held for the martyrs who died in the battle and condolences to the wounded. The injured people were also sent to the hospital for treatment. Public trials and verdicts were conducted on the extremely evil fascist militarists and traitors. This was a huge and vivid national education and class education for the people of Andong City and the suburbs. It expanded the influence of our army and changed the situation where the Soviet Red Army looked down on our army at that time. This played a great role in promoting the resolution of the remnants of Japanese fascist militarism powers controlled by the Soviet Union and the Andong-Benxi railway line.
We report this situation to the Northeast Bureau and the Northeast Military Region. After negotiations, our army took over the railway section from Andong City to Benxi. In this way, only the Andong Railway Bureau seized more than 1,000 guns of various types. More than 100 Japanese officers and more than 2,000 soldiers were cleared out. It gave me full control of the Anfeng Railway section and ensured that important transportation lines were unobstructed.
In this battle, our army died of 23 people below the deputy company commander Wang, all of whom were posthumously considered martyrs and a memorial service was held. 37 people were injured in Deputy Battalion Commander Ma and Company Commander Zhang. Condolences were given to the injured. A letter of condolence and preferential treatment were sent to the families of the martyrs. Comrade Xiao Hua and I went to the hospital to visit the wounded many times, giving great encouragement to the wounded. After Deputy Battalion Commander Ma recovered from his wound, he was immediately discharged from the hospital and returned to the front line. It greatly encourages and influences the troops.
To sum up, this battle was the first victory after the advancement of the Northeast after the troops transferred from Shandong to the Northeast in mid-October 1945 under the direct leadership of the Southeast Manchu Branch, the Southeast Manchu Military Region, and the Commander and Political Commissar Xiao Hua.In particular, the capture of the alive captive of the puppet Anton Governor Cao Chengzong and the shooting of the puppet public security director Wang Liming were very popular, the people were very popular, the morale of the army and the fighting spirit. It is a major victory in stabilizing social order and stabilizing prices. It has enhanced our army's confidence in seizing the Northeast and consolidated the strategic location of Andong. At the same time, it also increased our army's courage to continue fighting against the remnants of Japanese and puppet forces. It has played a major educational role in supporting our party and army for people of all classes. This is the result of our party and army's correct implementation of the decision of the Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao's "develop northward and defend southward" strategy, and the initial victory of the "seizing the Northeast".
