During the War of Liberation, our army had always adhered to the principle of preferential treatment for prisoners of war, and treated the Kuomintang members who rebelled and surrendered equally. This had even become an unspoken rule that both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party knew well at that time. .
It is precisely based on this attitude of the People's Liberation Army that during the war, many Kuomintang generals and troops rebelled and surrendered, adding a certain amount of strength to the People's Liberation Army.
Since many Kuomintang soldiers were forced to join the army, they were already resentful of the Kuomintang. After our army provided ideological education to them, these soldiers stood more firmly on the side of the People's Liberation Army and established a dissatisfaction on the battlefield. Less military exploits.
However, had a Kuomintang unit. Lin Biao was not only unwilling to accept its uprising, but also directly ordered: resolutely annihilate them, and they were not allowed to rebel midway.
Why is this? What kind of hatred does this army have with Lin Biao?
Meet again on a narrow road, and the 184th Division was defeated. In May 1947, as the Northeastern Democratic Allied Forces won successive victories in the "Three Expeditions to the South of the Yangtze River" and the "Four Guarantees of Linjiang" battles, Chiang Kai-shek moved first from the south to Manchuria and then to the north. Manchu's combat plan completely failed.
Subsequently, in order to open up the connection between the two major battlefields of South Manchuria and North Manchuria, the Northeastern Ethnic Allied Forces shifted from strategic defense to strategic offense and launched a strong offensive against the Kuomintang troops.
Especially after our army won the battle of Nanshan City , the important strategic stronghold of the national army Meihekou was exposed and isolated. In this case, our army must seize the opportunity and continue to expand our army's results. Take Meihekou.
In view of the fact that Meihekou is the transportation hub of the Shenji, Simei and Meitong railways, this has established its important military position and is known as "one of the five strategic strongholds in the north of ".
Therefore, if we want to capture such a strategically important area, our army must undoubtedly be prepared for a tug-of-war. At the same time, the Kuomintang's northeast "communist suppression" commander Du Yuming also issued an order to the 184th Division of the garrison at Meihekou: We must defend resolutely and are not allowed to break through. We must live and die with the position and make long-term defense preparations.
In fact, the 184th Division stationed here has been preparing for battle for more than a year and has built a large number of solid defenses at Meihekou.
This will undoubtedly add a lot of difficulty to our army's attack, but in order to smoothly form the strategic territory in the future, our army must bite this hard nut.
htmlOn May 24, the Meihekou battle officially started.. Our army took the lead in launching an attack on the enemy. Under the cover of the firepower of the heavy machine gun, the battle channel was successfully opened. Then, the commando team entered and began to deal with the enemy. .
After half an hour of fierce fighting, our army successfully occupied the two highlands of 367 and 368. Then, our army pursued the victory and marched towards the enemy's last resistance position.
However, because our army lacks relevant experience in critical battles, our army encountered many difficulties during this attack.
There is a 500-meter-long open space between the two highlands and the enemy's last defensive position. Due to insufficient preparation of our artillery, the soldiers lost artillery cover when passing through this open space. .
In this case, even though the soldiers braved the hail of bullets and fought forward, they were still unable to successfully break through the enemy's defense line, resulting in heavy casualties.
By 4 o'clock in the afternoon the next day, our army's attack still had little effect. At the same time, our army's 30th regiment was also attacked by enemy fire when attacking Meihekou Railway Station and was struggling.
Forced by helplessness, our army had to temporarily stop the attack and renegotiate the strategy. After repeated adjustments, our army decided to capture the train station with all its strength, and then engage in battle from both sides to capture the remaining highlands.
I have to say that after changing the strategic deployment, the results were very significant. At 9 o'clock on the 26th, with the coordinated operations of various teams, our army successfully occupied the train station and began to attack the neighborhood.
However, just as they arrived at Zhongshan Bridge south of the train station, they encountered two enemy bunkers, which severely hindered the team's progress.
In order to successfully crush the enemy's fire interception, our army adopted the method of penetrating the house wall and quietly approached the bunker from the rear. While blocking the shooting holes of the bunker with a light machine gun, it immediately organized two blasts. Successfully blew up the bunker.
After removing the hidden firepower point, our army's subsequent attack became much smoother, and eventually the two battalions were wiped out. The remaining more than 5,000 enemy troops were trapped in the core position.
At this time, the soldiers of the national army were already in a mess, like ants on a hot pot. In order to concentrate its efforts to annihilate this enemy in one fell swoop, our army moved the artillery firing site to facilitate effective low-range shooting.
Under the cover of fierce artillery fire, each regiment launched a powerful attack on the enemy's core position, and finally broke into the position shortly after, forcing some enemies to retreat to the central building and struggle to their death.
At this point, the enemy had no way out, and our army also wanted to give them a happy life. So after four blasts, our army poured into the building from the gap and wiped out all the remaining caged birds.
The Meihekou battle lasted for five days and four nights. It was a difficult battle. In this battle, this was not the first time that our army and the 184th Division had fought against each other. They had fought against each other a long time ago. origin.
Because of this, at the beginning of the battle, when he learned that our opponent was the 184th Division of the Kuomintang, Lin Biao directly ordered: Any enemy troops here who have fought through the battle will be resolutely annihilated. Accept its uprising halfway.
This also means that in the face of the 184th Division of the National Army, our army is only allowed to annihilate it, and will not accept uprising and surrender. This is obviously contrary to our army's consistent practice.
Why did Lin Biao give such instructions?
The rebellion after the uprising and surrender
184 Division was established in 1937. It was composed of two brigades under "King of Yunnan" Long Yun. It was affiliated to Yunnan Army and participated in Xuzhou Battle and Wuhan Battle. In large-scale battles such as , the strength cannot be underestimated.
When reviewing the 184th Division, a Soviet adviser once praised: With such a well-equipped and high-quality division, if China can come to thirty, it will be able to fight Japan.
Such a strong team will not be taken seriously by the Kuomintang in the future.
In 1946, Chiang Kai-shek brazenly launched an attack on the Northeast Liberated Area. For a time, the democratic coalition forces in Siping, , fell into a passive position. Siping was the fortress of Changchun. Once this place was lost, the entire Changchun was captured soon.
In desperation, Chairman Mao had to consider abandoning Changchun, and proposed to Chiang Kai-shek that both sides would not station troops in Changchun or give up Changchun conditionally in exchange for the Kuomintang's recognition of the CCP's status in other areas of Northeast China.
In this regard, Chiang Kai-shek flatly refused. As the Northeast was a heavy industrial base at the time, simply taking Changchun would not satisfy Chiang Kai-shek's ambition. Swallowing the entire Northeast would be in line with his style.
Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek dispatched additional New Sixth Army, concentrated its main forces, adopted a combat method that combined frontal attack and roundabout, and launched a general offensive against Siping.
This battle lasted for a full month. Our troops stationed in Siping suffered heavy casualties. The soldiers were physically and mentally exhausted and had no intention of fighting anymore. At this extremely critical moment, Lin Biao made a decisive decision and organized the troops to withdraw from Siping in batches.
And just when the Kuomintang was in full swing and at its peak, an uprising greatly dealt a blow to the Kuomintang's arrogance..
On May 30, 1946, the 184th Division of the Yunnan Army held an uprising in Haicheng . On this day, Chiang Kai-shek came to Shenyang in person to supervise the war and was preparing to launch a large-scale attack on the Northeast Liberated Area. Unexpectedly, at this critical moment, a fire broke out in the backyard. .
When Chiang Kai-shek learned of the uprising of the 184th Division, he yelled: "Mother Xipi, if you want to leave, you should leave earlier, but you are destroying me at this time!"
In fact, the 184th Division ultimately chose to revolt, and it was entirely Chiang Kai-shek's fault. Discipline is ineffective.
As the 184th Division, which has been fighting for many years and has a remarkable record, because it is from the Yunnan Army, it can be said to be marginalized within the Kuomintang. As a general of this unit, Pan Shuoduan has witnessed the many factions within the Kuomintang, mutual exclusion, and A tumultuous situation.
In 1925, Pan Shuorui was admitted to the Huangpu Military Academy. Two years later, he joined the Third Army of the National Revolutionary Army and participated in the Northern Expedition with the army.
But what he didn't expect was that shortly afterwards, Pan Shuorui was purged for his excessive words and deeds. Since then, he and a group of Huangpu fellow villagers lived in Shanghai, making a living by working as a driver for others.
At this moment, the king of Yunnan "Long Yun" began to radically transform the Yunnan Army. To this end, he found the down-and-out Pan Shuorui and his party and invited them to join the Yunnan Army.
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Pan Shuoduan participated in the Battle of Taierzhuang with the army and was honorably wounded. While recovering from his injuries in Wuhan, Pan Shuoduan met Su Shiquan, a member of the Eighth Route Army Office in Wuhan Chinese Communist Party who lived in the same ward.
After a period of contact, Pan Shuoduan gained a certain understanding of the Communist Party's policies and propositions. After recovering from his injury, Pan Shuoduan returned to Kunming.
At that time, one of Pan Shuoduan's nephews happened to be responsible for seizing "banned books", and Pan Shuoduan took advantage of this channel to read a large number of progressive books and periodicals, and gained a better understanding of the Communist Party.
In 1945, Long Yun was forced to step down by Chiang Kai-shek. Subsequently, the eight divisions of the leaderless Yunnan Army were reduced to six divisions of the 60th Army and the 93rd Army. Pan Shuoduan was also transferred to the commander of the 184th Division of the 60th Army at this time. .
In April 1946, the 184th Division was ordered to go to the front line of the Northeast Civil War and assumed the task of garrisoning Haicheng. However, even so, Chiang Kai-shek was not at ease with the 184th Division of the Yunnan Army and sent two major generals to join the army to lead an "intelligence team". Stationed in the 184th Division.
Chiang Kai-shek was blatantly monitoring the 184th Division. Not only Pan Shuoduan, but all the soldiers of the 184th Division were dissatisfied with this.
In addition, because Chiang Kai-shek's direct troops were highly valued, they did whatever they wanted on weekdays, often doing things that benefited themselves at the expense of others, which aroused strong resentment among the Yunnan Army soldiers.
As time went by, Pan Shuoduan began to have ideas.
Pan Shuoduan's chief of staff Ma Yifei had joined the Communist Party in his early years. Later, due to the destruction of the organization, Ma Yifei lost contact with the party organization. Then by chance, he became a member of the Yunnan Army.
It was precisely because Ma Yifei had a certain understanding of the Communist Party that after discovering that Pan Shuoduan had a yearning for the Communist Party, he suggested that the latter listen to the Yan'an broadcast.
Therefore, while the 184th Division was stationed in the Northeast, Pan Shuoduan would send his adjutant to listen to and record the relevant content of the Yan'an broadcast every day, compile it into a volume, and send it to the main generals in the Yunnan Army for reading. , and even became their daily homework.
In May 1946, the Kuomintang army launched a fierce attack on Siping. In order to cooperate with the North Manchuria Democratic Coalition, the 4th Column of the Northeast Democratic Coalition launched the " Anhai Battle".
Under siege by the democratic coalition, the 551st Regiment of the Kuomintang defenders was wiped out except for a few who escaped. At the same time, the 184th Division is also paying close attention to the progress of the "Battle of Anhai".
After learning that the entire army had been wiped out, the officers of the 184th Division were devastated. However, what they did not expect was that a few days later, three soldiers from the 551st Regiment were sent back. At the same time, they also He brought a personal letter written by Lin Biao, commander of the Northeastern Democratic Alliance Forces, to Pan Shuoduan.
In the letter, Lin Biao sincerely hoped that Pan Shuoduan could lead the troops to recognize the situation in time, abandon the darkness and turn to the light, and jointly oppose the civil war, and this will be their only way out.
Seeing this, Pan Shuoduan felt very complicated. As early as two days ago, when the Battle of Anshan started, Pan Shuoduan had telegraphed the chief's department and requested that troops be dispatched for immediate reinforcements.
However, Pan Shuo waited and waited, but only received the order "Fight to the last man with one shot" . The reason why Chiang Kai-shek did this was obviously to abandon the 184th Division.
Once Anshan is lost, Haicheng will inevitably be isolated, and there is no regular army in Shenyang. At that time, Shenyang will have to be surrendered. Chiang Kai-shek cannot understand this truth.
But he was always unwilling to send troops for reinforcements. It can be seen that Chiang Kai-shek's overall view was completely based on distance and distance.
The Kuomintang 182nd Division, which was trapped in the Battle of Anshan, was a brother unit of the 184th Division. Naturally, Pan Shuoduan could not stand by and watch, so he gathered his troops and moved towards Anshan in two directions, trying to rescue the 182nd Division.
However, just when the 184th Division arrived at the Dasha River line in Anbei, it was sniped by the democratic coalition and had no choice but to stop advancing.
At the same time, the Democratic Alliance Army also changed its combat strategy. While encircling and annihilating Anshan to defend the enemy, they even sent a part of the team to Haicheng.
html On May 29, under the continuous offensive of the democratic coalition, Yuhuang Mountain was in emergency. At this time, Pan Shuoduan, who had been silent for a long time, pulled the deputy division commander aside and said quietly: "This battle cannot be continued. Well, we have to revolt and surrender to the Communist Party."
At this time, the uprising has become the best choice for the 184th Division. Du Yuming had already issued the order to "stand firm and wait for reinforcements" , and the 184th Division was waiting for the four reinforcement regiments from Liaoyang to arrive after their arrival. Take Anshan first.
Even if the battle went smoothly, by the time they arrived at Yuhuang Mountain, it would already be three days later. How could the 184th Division trapped in the city survive three days? Let alone three days, once Yuhuang Mountain is captured, it will only take less than a day for Haicheng to fall.
Du Yuming asked the 184th Division to fight to the last soldier, but how could the soldiers who had long complained about it be willing to do so? However, if you abandon the city and flee, you will be violating military orders, and you will be punished even if you survive.
Therefore, the 184th Division was in a dilemma.
After repeated consideration, Pan Shuoduan finally decided "to stop fighting and take the path of rebellion" . Instead of staying in the Kuomintang and being bullied, it was better to take the opportunity to defect to the Communist Party.
Under the leadership of Pan Shuoduan, the entire 184th Division and 552nd Regiment revolted. Pan Shuoduan's move can be described as a thunder in the ground and a slap in the face to the Kuomintang.
Pan Shuoduan ordered Yang Chaolun of the 550th Regiment to put down his weapons immediately after the uprising. At the same time, after Du Yuming learned of Pan Shuoduan's rebellion, he also contacted Yang Chaolun and asked him to stay where he was and wait for rescue.
Yang Chaolun and Pan Shuoduan were different. While the Yunnan Army was constantly being marginalized, Yang Chaolun yearned for the "Central Army" and wanted to take the opportunity to get closer to them.
So, Yang Chaolun obediently chose to stay put. However, before Du Yuming's reinforcements arrived, the 550th regiment was overrun by the democratic coalition.
Logically speaking, Yang Chaolun was arrested, but in view of the special nature of his identity, the Communist Party referred to the opinions of Pan Shuoduan and others on how to deal with him.
Pan Shuoduan believed that Yang Chaolun, who also belonged to the 184th Division, could be retained as . Therefore, Yang Chaolun got rid of his status as a prisoner, was reorganized with the rebel army, and served as the deputy division commander of the 184th Division of the First Army of the Democratic Alliance Army.
However, it was this appointment of and that left huge hidden dangers for the future .
Because Pan Shuoduan already had a certain understanding of the Communist Party, his attitude towards our party was relatively firm after the uprising, but other officers and soldiers in the 184th Division did not think so.
Even after accepting ideological reform, some people still feel that the Communist Party is unreliable and have serious resistance. Among them, Yang Chaolun is naturally included.
Yang Chaolun was always thinking about the position of division commander that Du Yuming promised him, and wanted to return to the Kuomintang. For this reason, Yang Chaolun began to win over disloyal officers within the rebel army.
And when the democratic coalition forces were withdrawing north, Yang Chaolun saw that the time was ripe, and immediately led a group of reactionary officers to carry out a "rebellion ".
Rebuilt many times, the difficult 184th Division of the National Army
After returning to the Kuomintang team, Du Yuming kept his word, reorganized the 184th Division, and appointed Yang Chaolun as the major general commander. Therefore, Yang Chaolun, who thought he had been reused, also had great influence on the Kuomintang. Be more obedient.
As the saying goes, enemies often meet on a narrow road. Just one year later, Yang Chaolun's 184th Division was once again surrounded at Meihekou. He himself knew that the Communist Party would not give him a second chance.
So, in the battle at Meihekou, Yang Chaolun resisted desperately. Sure enough, Lin Biao issued an order to annihilate the 184th Division and refused to accept the uprising.
In this battle, the 184th Division of the National Army was once again completely wiped out by our army. But Chiang Kai-shek did not believe in this evil. After that, the 184th Division was reorganized.
After the Battle of Meihekou, Chiang Kai-shek used the 2nd Regiment of the Independent 3rd Division of the Northeast Security Commander as the main force to accommodate Yang Chaolun and his party who escaped from Meihekou, and rebuilt the 184th Division again.
And Yang Chaolun finally got his wish and served as the commander of the 184th Division. However, the good times did not last long. In the subsequent battle of Jinzhou, the 1184th Division once again could not escape the fate of being wiped out. However, Yang Chaolun was the only one who seemed like a Like a loach, he managed to escape every time.
Yang Chaolun fled all the way south to Tianjin. He led the remnants of the 184th Division and was incorporated into the Tianjin Guard in November 1948. Later, with Yang Chaolun's active , the designation of the 184th Division was eventually restored.
Not only that, Yang Chaolun was recruiting talents everywhere. By the end of 1948, the 184th Division had more than 7,000 people.
But at this time, no matter how many soldiers the 184th Division had, in the next Tianjin Battle, like all the Kuomintang troops stationed in Tianjin, they could only surrender.
This time, Yang Chaolun, the loach, was finally arrested. However, out of the policy of being gentle with the Yunnan Army officers, our army still adopted a tolerant attitude towards Yang Chaolun, which also gave him a chance to escape.
But Yang Chaolun was completely stubborn. After escaping back to Yunnan, he actually formed gangs and became a bandit. At this time, Yunnan had been liberated and a massive "suppression of counterrevolutionaries" campaign was underway.
Under this situation, Yang Chaolun, who hit the muzzle again, naturally became the target of punishment, and was eventually executed.
Before and after, the 184th Division of the National Army was rebuilt three times, and each time it could not escape the end of being annihilated. And even if the 184th Division had nine lives, it was of no avail. All starting over was just a desperate struggle to deceive oneself and others. That’s all.
This is especially true for Yang Chaolun, who played a leading role in this. From beginning to end, he showed no regrets and chose to stand on the opposite side of our army many times.
Therefore, when faced with such a stinking stone in the pit, our army will naturally not allow history to repeat itself, but will firmly "annihilate" it.
Our party has always been people-oriented and allows people to reform, but there are always people who regard this as connivance and repeatedly jump over the bottom line of our party. Yang Chaolun is a good example, and his fate is enough to warn those who try to take advantage of the situation, not to be toasted with and to be fined with .
