Statistics Canada published on October 26, 2022 on ", the largest proportion of immigrants in Canada's population in the past 150 years, which will continue to shape the identity of Canadians "
Statistics Canada released the results of the 2021 census, including the latest statistical charts of Canadian immigration and ethnic cultural diversity. This is the largest update for the Canadian immigrant population since Statistics Canada released its 2016 census results in October 2017:
Millions of people from around the world have and will continue to choose Canada as their new home. In 2021, more than 8.3 million people, that is, , nearly one-quarter of the Canadian population (23.0%) are Canadian immigrants . This is the highest proportion since Canada established the federal government, surpassing the record of 22.3% in 1921 and the highest proportion among the G7 of the West.
Given the continued aging of the Canadian population and the fertility rate is lower than the death level of the population, new immigrants are now the main driving force for the growth of Canada's population. If this situation continues, according to the recent population forecast of Statistics Canada, by , immigrants will account for 29.1% to 34.0% of Canada's population by .
COVID-19 pandemic highlights the contribution of immigration to the Canadian labor market. With job openings at the end of 2021 80% higher than pre-pandemic levels and an aging workforce, the impact of immigration on the Canadian labour market is more critical than ever. New immigrants are younger than the average population and they form a workforce that can help alleviate the impact of labor shortages in many sectors and regions across Canada. From 2016 to 2021, these immigrants accounted for four-fifths of the labor force growth. More and more immigrants have Canadian work experience before becoming Canadian immigrants, and a large number of new immigrants are selected precisely because they have substantial contributions and capabilities to the Canadian economy.
Immigration comes from many different countries and brings their cultural, ethnic, linguistic and religious heritage. In the past, most immigrants in Canada came from Europe. However, in the past 50 years, the proportion of new immigrants from Europe has declined, and the proportion of new immigrants from Asia, including the Middle East, is increasing. Over time, Asia has become the largest source of new immigrants, and this trend continues in 2021. The proportion of new immigrants from Africa has also increased. Before the Europeans settled in Canada, indigenous peoples had lived on this land for thousands of years, and they and their descendants helped shape Canada today.
Statistics Canada released six groups of survey data from the 2021 census, providing the latest statistical chart of the immigrant population. Census These data are the most comprehensive source of immigrants living in Canada and can be compared at different times and in different regions.
first group of data : New immigrants are at a high level of Canadian population
) From 2016 to 2021, the population of Canadian households increased by 5.4%, and new immigrants or new immigrants related accounted for 71.1% of the growth.
) between January 1, 2016 and May 11, 2021, absorbing more than 1.3 million new immigrants, accounting for 15.9% of the population living in Canada in 2021.
3) plus the immigrants here, by 2021, more than 8.3 million people, or 23.0% of the Canadian population, are immigrants.
4) It is expected that the number of immigrants in Canada will continue to increase in the next few decades. According to the recent population forecast by Statistics Canada, immigration will account for 29.1% to 34.0% of the total population by 2041.
data : Nearly two-thirds of new immigrants are at the core working age and are enhancing vitality for aging Canada
) Since people usually immigrate when they are young, the vast majority (95.8%) who recently immigrated to Canada from 2016 to 2021 are under the age of 65.
) More than one in 10 new immigrants are young people aged 15 to 24 (10.9%), while the majority (64.2%) are core working age groups aged 25 to 54. Not many new immigrants aged between 55 and 64 (3.6%).
3) Children under the age of 15 account for 17.1% of the recent immigrants to Canada, and they will one day join the labor force. Immigration will alleviate Canada's labor shortage.
4) From 2001 to 2016, the proportion of new immigrants with college education who work in jobs requiring a university degree has decreased, far lower than the employment ratio of Canadian-born immigrants. Policy reforms have been recently implemented to improve the effectiveness of new immigrants in the labor market and to improve their ability to adapt to labor market demand. The census results released in November 2022 will allow further analysis of Canada's educational level in recent years.
5) More than half of the new immigrants are economic immigrants . According to the approval conditions for economic immigration, they are selected based on their potential economic contributions in meeting labor market needs, or by creating economic opportunities by owning, operating or investing in enterprises or self-employed careers. In 2021, more than half (56.3%) of recent immigrants living in Canada are eligible for economic immigration, whether as the main applicant or dependent. Among economic immigration, more than one-third (34.5%) of the new economic immigration absorbed from 2016 to 2021 were selected through the skilled workers program.
6) In Canada, 9 provinces and 2 regions have established their own provincial nomination plans. Exceptions are Québec and Nunavut Province, since 1991, Quebec has managed its own economic immigration program through the Canadian-Québec Agreement, which gives the province more autonomy in selecting and integrating immigration. In 2021, 46.4% of recent immigrants living in Quebec were allowed to enter through a skilled worker program.
7) There are nearly 61,000 refugees from Syria , which is a testament to Canada's international commitment and its long-term humanitarian tradition.
Fourth data : Nearly two-thirds of new immigrants come from Asia, including the Middle East
) Among Canadian immigrants who entered the country after 1980, from the information on experiences before they can obtain before entering, it was found that one quarter (25.2%) of immigrants had a brief life experience in Canada before becoming permanent residents or logging in to immigrants (such as international students).
) Considering the increase in the number of temporary foreign workers and international students, and the expansion of some economic immigration programs (for example, Canadian experience and provincial nomination immigration), these two types of immigration are more common among new immigrants. In 2021, more than one-third (36.6%) of immigrants were absorbed in the first five years.
3) Since 1980, 62.9% of immigrants with Canadian living experience have obtained temporary work permits. The proportion of immigrants in has recently risen to 77.3% of Canadian . There are many benefits to the Canadian experience before immigration. It plays a key role in increasing immigration wages as it provides immigrants with access to language skills and Canadian labour market knowledge. Immigration, who have previously lived in Canada, contributed to the recent improvement of Canada's labor force structure.
4) The proportion of new immigrants who settle outside the three largest urban centers in Canada continues to increase
—In 2021, more than 90% of new immigrants live in one of the 41 Census metropolitan areas (CMAs) in Canada, which are the centers of large urban areas with a population of more than 100,000. Just as the trends over the past 50 years have been, Toronto (29.5%), Montréal (12.2%) and Vancouver (11.7%). These places continue to be popular with new immigrants .
- The proportion of new immigrants who settled in the centers of Canada's three major urban centers continues to decline, from 56.0% in 2016 to 53.4% in 2021, among which Montréal's decline is the most obvious, from 14.8% in 2016 to 12.2% in 2021.
—Relatively speaking, more and more new immigrants settle outside these major urban centers, strengthening population growth in urban centers outside Canada’s three largest urban centers. For example, the proportion of new immigrants who settled in Ottawa-Gatino rose from 3.1% in 2016 to 4.4% in 2021, which almost doubled: Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo (from 1.2% in 2016 to 2.1% in 2021;).
- In addition, in 2021, 4.4% of new immigrants settled in small urban areas (census cluster areas), and 3.2% of new immigrants settled in rural areas (outside CMAs and census cluster areas).
-New immigrants often settle down and consider factors such as the identity of the community, economic vitality and employment opportunities in which they live, and determine the attractiveness of the district. Some immigration programs and government investments are also designed to help balance the rational distribution of new immigrants across the country, encouraging them to settle in areas of all sizes.
5) Since 2006, the proportion of new immigrants handled by The Atlantic Canada has increased by nearly triple
The figure above shows that the proportion of new immigrants in Atlantic Atlantic coastal provinces in Canada is higher than the previous census data, while the proportion of new immigrants in Quebec and the central grassland areas has declined.
With the decline in global oil prices in 2014 and the unemployment rate in Alberta increased, the proportion of new immigrants settled in Alberta fell from 17.1% in 2016 to 14.5% in 2021. However, this is much higher than the percentage in 2006, when 9.3% of new immigrants used Alberta as their place of residence.
In 2021, among the new immigrants in Saskatchewan, they chose to Regina and Saskatoon more than one-third: Regina (32.5%) and Saskatoon (31.2%).
The fourth group of data : Nearly two-thirds of new immigrants come from Asia, including the Middle East
) With the changes in immigration policies and the occurrence of international events, the origins of Canadian immigrants and refugees are also constantly changing, promoting the diversity of in Canadian society .
) For decades, Asia (including the Middle East) has been the largest source of new immigrants. This proportion has increased now. From 2016 to 2021, Asian-born immigrants accounted for a record 62.0% of new immigrants, and in 1971, 12.1% of new immigrants came from Asia.
3) The proportion of immigrants born in Europe has continued to decline for 50 years. In 2021, only 1 out of every 10 new immigrants (10.1%) came from Europe, while in 1971 (61.6%), six times more than now.
Group of data : Nearly one-fifth of new immigrants were born in India, which is the highest proportion from a single place of birth since 1971
) For the first time, India became the main source of new immigrants in Canada (accounting for 18.6% of new immigrants from 2016 to 2021), followed by Philippines (11.4%) and China (8.9%).
) The last time such a high percentage of immigrants came from the same place of birth was during the 1971 census, when 20.9% of all new immigrants came from the UK.
3) The census reported that has more than 450 native languages in the Canadian population, which is the contribution of new immigrants to linguistic diversity.
- Other languages besides English and French are also called "unofficial languages". Arabic (10.3%), Tagalog (8.4%), Mandarin (7.9%) and Punjabi (6.5%) are the most common non-official languages in recent immigration reports, either used alone or in conjunction with other languages.
—In 2021, nearly one-quarter of new immigrants (24.4%) said that English is their native language—used alone or with other languages. This ratio is higher than 18.2% in 2016. Native English speakers are mainly from India (20.5%), the Philippines (12.5%), the United States (10.3%) and Nigeria (10.2%).
- Among recent immigrants, 6.5% said French is their native language, whether alone or with another language, the same proportion as in 2016. These new immigrants mainly come from France (30.3%), Cameroon (11.5%), Côte Côte d'Ivoire (8.4%), Algeria (5.8%) and Democratic Republic of the Congo (5.7%).
4) The vast majority of new immigrants can communicate in English or French
—Although a large proportion (69.4%) of new immigrants say their native language is only unofficial, of the more than 1.3 million new immigrants, the vast majority (92.7%) said they can talk in English or French.
—The proportion of new immigrants who claim their native language is not English or French, is close to two-thirds (62.3%) reported that they often speak at least one of the two official languages at home, either individually or in another, reflecting the actual integration of these new immigrants. More specifically, nearly half (47.8%) often speak only English and informal languages at home, while 7.4% only speak only English 3.3% only speak only French and other informal languages, and 1.2% often speak only French at home.
—The proportion of immigrants who have lived in Canada who often speak English or French at home is even higher. In 2021, 76.4% of immigrants who settled in Canada before the 1980s who were not the official language often spoke English or French at home, either speaking individually or together in another language.
- English or French, usually two official languages used by immigrants to enter the public sphere (or private areas) in Canada. The first official language (The first official language spoken, FOLS), is a general indicator of this language orientation.
—In areas outside Quebec, nearly 90% (89.1%) of new immigrants have only English-language FOLS. Among the immigrants who recently settled outside Quebec, only French as FOLS is 2.1%, while 1.3% of immigrants say both English and French are FOLS. The proportion of new immigrants outside Quebec who do not speak English or French is 7.5%.
- In Quebec, more than half (54.5%) of new immigrants only use French as their FOLS in 2021. In 2021, the proportion of new immigrants in Quebec with FOLS in English and French languages is 14.7%, slightly higher than one-quarter (25.5%) only takes the English major. Among the new immigrants in Quebec, FOLS, which is neither English nor French, accounts for 5.3%.
The sixth group of data : Among the 41 major cities in Canada, the proportion of immigrants in 10 cities is higher than the overall average level of the entire Canada (23%)
) In 2021, the vast majority of immigrants (92.2%) live in CMA (city center area). By comparison, only more than two-thirds (67.7%) of Canadian-born population live in CMA.
) Downtown Toronto has the highest immigration rate. In 2021, nearly half (46.6%) of the population living in Toronto’s CMA are immigrants. Immigration accounts for more than half of the residents of the four Toronto CMA cities: Markham (58.6%), Richmond Hill (58.2%), Mississauga (53.2%) and Brampton City (52.9%).
3) Vancouver has the second largest immigration ratio, at 41.8%. In Vancouver's metropolitan centers, immigrants account for three-fifths of Richmond's population (60.3%) and half of Burnaby's population (50.4%) are immigrants.
4) Among the 41 largest urban centers in Canada, Calgary (31.5%), Abbotsford Mission (26.1%), Edmonton (26.0%), Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo (25.8%), Hamilton (25.6%), Winnipeg (25.4%), Montréal (24.3%) and Windsor (23.3%).
5) According to the results of the 2022 Canadian Social Survey, most new immigrants still value these factors and choose living areas to live here. At the same time, workplace, business, educational prospects, and housing are also the most critical factors for immigrants to settle in specific cities.
6) More and more new immigrants choose to settle outside the center of Toronto's big city centers, Montréal and Vancouver may partially reflect the higher housing and housing costs and availability of these cities, as Toronto and Vancouver cannot afford housing in the 2021 census.
House costs across Canada, especially for renters, have been rising since 2016. Despite overall improvement in housing affordability, more than one in five immigrants (21.0%) spend at least 30% of their income on housing costs. By contrast, in 2021, 13.2% of non-immigrant respondents spend at least 30% of their income on housing. Nearly one in seven (14.3%) of new immigrants are considered to have core housing demand, compared with only one in sixteen (6.4%) born in Canada.
7) Almost one-third of Canadian children's parents have at least one of the parents born outside Canada
Immigrant children born in Canada, also known as the "second generation", at least one of their parents was born abroad. The second generation may embrace a dual cultural background, combining the values and culture of the parents’ country of origin with the values, social norms and official languages of the host country and acting as a bridge between immigrant parents and other populations.
According to the 2021 Canadian census data, at least one of the parents of nearly 1.9 million children under the age of 15 were born outside Canada, accounting for nearly one-third of all children in Canada (31.5%). This ratio is higher than 26.7% in 2011 and 29.2% in 2016
If coupled with the now adult children of immigrants, the proportion of second-generation immigrants in Canada has remained relatively stable over the past decade. In 2021, at least one of the parents born in Canada, with just under 6.4 million people born in Canada, accounting for 17.6% of the total population, compared with a figure slightly above 5.7 million people in 2011, accounting for 17.4% of the total population.
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— Six groups of data say:
—the highest proportion of immigrants to Canada’s population in history;
—the younger generation of new immigrants;
—one-three-point new immigrants have Canadian life experience;
—two-three-point new immigrants come from Asia;
—18.6% of new immigrants come from India, 8.9% of new immigrants come from mainland China;
—the proportion of immigrants in 10 cities is higher than the overall average level of the entire Canada
—The data further show that is indeed the golden age of immigrants after studying abroad in the current period !
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