On November 28, Ministry of Ecology and Environment held a regular press conference in November. Upstream News (report email: cshangyou@163.com) reporters learned from the press conference that by 2025, severe and above pollution weather must be basically eliminated, and the national severe and above days of pollution will be controlled within 1%, and more than 70% of cities at the prefecture level and above will be completely eliminated. In addition, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will implement the " Yangtze River Protection Law ", implement the "ten-year fishing ban" of the Yangtze River , deepen the protection and restoration of water ecosystems, and continue to promote the protection of rare and endangered species in the Yangtze River Basin.
On November 28, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment held a regular press conference in November. Image source/video screenshot
deployed three landmark battles in the defense of blue sky
spokesperson of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and director of the Publicity and Education Department Liu Youbin introduced that in order to implement the relevant requirements of the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on In-depth Fighting of Pollution Prevention and Control Battle" and to deeply fight the battle of blue sky, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, together with National Development and Reform Commission and 14 other departments jointly issued the "Action Plan for Deeply Fighting the Battle of Heavy Pollution Prevention and Control of Ozone Pollution and Control of Diesel Truck Pollution" (hereinafter referred to as the "Action Plan"), deploying three landmark battles in the defense of blue sky to promote the continuous improvement of air quality across the country.
Among them, the "Action Plan for Eliminating Heavy Pollution Weather" focuses on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution, with autumn and winter (October - March of the following year) as the key period, with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, Fenwei Plain and Northeastern region , and Tianshan North Slope Urban Agglomeration as the key areas. In response to different pollution characteristics in the region, focus on the main contradictions and key issues, and propose targeted measures, and at the same time strengthen the regional cooperation mechanism to accurately and effectively respond to heavy pollution weather. By 2025, severe and above pollution weather will be basically eliminated, and the national rate of severe and above pollution days will be controlled within 1%, and more than 70% of cities at the prefecture level and above will be completely eliminated; the number of severe and above pollution days caused by human factors caused by human factors in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas, the Fenwei Plain, the Northeast region, and the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains will be reduced by more than 30%.
In addition, the "Ozone Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan" takes Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta region and the Fenwei Plain as key areas for national ozone pollution prevention and control. With May-September as the key period, it will increase the emission reduction efforts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides, and carry out five key actions, including the source replacement action of raw and auxiliary materials containing VOCs, the VOCs pollution control compliance action, the nitrogen oxide pollution control improvement action, the ozone precision prevention and control system construction action, and the pollution source supervision ability improvement action. By 2025, the growth trend of ozone concentration will be effectively curbed, with the national ratio of days with good air quality reaching 87.5%, and the total VOCs and nitrogen oxide emissions will drop by more than 10% compared with 2020 respectively.
"Diesel Truck Pollution Control Action Plan" focuses on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta region, the Fenwei Plain relevant provinces (cities) and central and western cities of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It strengthens coordinated prevention and control of departments and regions, and carries out five key actions, including promoting the "road to rail" and "open to water" actions, the cleaning action of diesel trucks, the comprehensive governance action of non-road mobile sources, the strengthening supervision action of key vehicle-use enterprises, and the joint law enforcement action of diesel trucks. By 2025, the clean and low-carbon level of transportation structure and vehicle and ship structure will be significantly improved, fuel quality will continue to improve, the phenomenon of black smoke exceeding the standard of railway internal combustion locomotives and in key areas will be basically eliminated, the national diesel truck emission inspection pass rate exceeds 90%, the national diesel truck nitrogen oxide emissions of diesel trucks will fall by 12%, the proportion of new energy and National VI emission standard trucks will strive to exceed 40%, and the proportion of railway freight volume will increase by 0.5 percentage points.
Liu Youbin said that the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will regularly schedule the progress of key tasks in various places, report on the improvement of air quality, and promote the completion of relevant goals for the annual and final period of the landmark battle, as an important part of the assessment of the effectiveness of the in-depth battle against pollution. Areas that have not completed their target tasks will be reported and criticized and interviewed and held accountable in accordance with the law and regulations, and the relevant implementation will be included in the central ecological environment protection inspection.
Improve the early warning and monitoring system for invasive alien species
Director of the Natural Ecological Protection Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment introduced that the COP15 meeting (the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the " Convention on Biological Diversity ") will formulate the "Global Biodiversity Framework after 2020", clarify the new global biodiversity conservation goals, and promote the transformation and transformation of global biodiversity governance. When formulating new global goals, we should fully learn from the experience and lessons learned in the implementation of the "Aichi Goals". We should not only boost the ambition and confidence of global biodiversity conservation, but also be down-to-earth and realistic, fully consider the accessibility, operability of the goals and the development differences between countries, and propose practical and feasible paths to achieve them.
At the same time, the "framework" should also adhere to the principles of fairness, transparency, and party-driven development, improve implementation mechanisms and guarantee conditions, especially pay attention to the shortcomings in capacity building in developing countries, strengthen resource mobilization, science and technology transfer and capacity building, effectively improve the ability and level of fulfilling developing countries in terms of funds, technology and talents, and strive to promote the construction of a fair, reasonable, and win-win global biodiversity governance system.
Cui Shuhong said that as one of the most biodiversity countries in the world, China conscientiously implements the "Aichi Goals", clarifies various tasks and responsibilities, and achieves positive results in the implementation of the goals. China's valuable experience in biodiversity conservation has also been mentioned many times in the fifth edition of the Global Biodiversity Outlook.
First, the mainstreaming of biodiversity has achieved remarkable results, and we will explore the formation of a biodiversity governance model of "government guidance, enterprise responsibility, and public participation". Second, efforts to protect and restore biodiversity continue to increase, and we will coordinately respond to prominent environmental problems such as biodiversity loss and climate change. Third, the way of green development of and lifestyles have gradually formed, the public's awareness of biodiversity protection has been significantly improved, and "ecology first, green development" has become a social consensus.
Cui Shuhong said that the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will implement the "Opinions on Further Strengthening Biodiversity Protection", update and revise the " China Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan ", continue to implement major biodiversity protection projects in depth, improve the early warning and monitoring system for invasive alien species, comprehensively improve the ability and level of biodiversity governance, provide more Chinese practices for global biodiversity governance, and contribute more Chinese wisdom.
In August 2020, the ten-year fishing ban in Changjiang, Yunyang County, Chongqing officially started, and multiple departments carried out the first round of synchronous inspection and law enforcement actions. Image source/Yunyang.com
Implement the "ten-year fishing ban" of the Yangtze River
At the meeting, a media asked, "In July this year, the Yangtze River sturgeon was officially declared extinction, and Yangtze River finless porpoise is also an endangered species. Does this mean that the Yangtze River fishing ban has failed to play a role in restoring the Yangtze River ecosystem?"
Cui Shuhong, Director of the Natural Ecological Protection Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, introduced that endangerment and extinction of species are prominent and common problems facing the world at present, and it has increasingly highlighted the importance and urgency of global joint actions and reversing the passive situation of biodiversity loss. In May 2019, a global assessment report released by the Intergovernmental Science Policy Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) pointed out that human activities have changed 75% of the terrestrial environment, 66% of the marine environment has been affected, more than 85% of wetlands have been lost, one-quarter of the world's species are threatened with extinction, one-third of marine fish are overfished, and nearly one-fifth of the earth's surface is at risk of animal and plant invasion. The 2020 evaluation results of World Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) show that 41% of amphibians, 26% of mammals and 14% of birds worldwide are under threat, and the global biodiversity is generally threatened.
Cui Shuhong said that from January 1, 2020, 332 nature reserves and aquatic germplasm resource protection areas in the Yangtze River Basin will be banned in fishing, and from January 1, 2021, 10 years of fishing ban will be implemented in key waters in the Yangtze River Basin. In December 2020, my country's first river basin law, the Yangtze River Protection Law, was promulgated, providing important legal guarantees for the protection of the Yangtze River's biodiversity, and the habitat of the Yangtze River wild species was greatly improved.13 nature reserves related to protecting Yangtze River porpoises have been established in the Yangtze River Basin, covering 40% of the distributed waters of Yangtze River porpoises and protecting nearly 80% of the population.
survey shows that after Chishui River took the lead in piloting a comprehensive fishing ban in 2017, the number of fish resources in Chishui River increased by nearly 1 times, and the number of early resource species of endemic fish increased from 32 before the ban to 37, and the resource volume reached 1.95 times before the ban. In 2020 and 2021, the resources of Poyang Lake's swordfish increased several times, and it had migrated back to the historical limit of Dongting Lake waters. The croaker that had not been seen for many years appeared again in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In the main sections of the Yangtze River such as Nanjing and Wuhan, the frequency of "smiling angels" Yangtze River porpoises has increased significantly, with more than 60 individual clusters in some waters, rushing the Yangtze River freely and happily.
"Overall, the implementation of fishing bans in key basins of the Yangtze River is a key move to implement Yangtze River Economic Belt to jointly protect the major." Cui Shuhong said that the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will implement the Yangtze River Protection Law, implement the "ten-year fishing ban" in the Yangtze River, deepen the protection and restoration of water ecosystems, and continue to promote the protection of rare and endangered species in the Yangtze River Basin.
Hebei Province, the densely forested Great Wall Ridge in Chongli District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province. Image source/Xinhua News Agency
"Green Shield" special action solved a number of "hard" problems
, Cui Shuhong, director of the Natural Ecological Protection Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, introduced that since 2017, the "Green Shield" special action has been carried out, and illegal and irregular acts that encroach on and destroy the ecological environment of natural reserves have been severely investigated and punished, and continuously urged the rectification of problems and ecological restoration. As of the end of 2021, the rectification completion rate of key ecological and environmental issues in National Nature Reserve reached 94.7%, of which the rectification completion rate in 17 provinces was higher than 95%.
has solved a number of "long-standing" problems through the "Green Shield" special action. Some places no longer dare to invade nature reserves at will, and have a sense of awe of the "bigest countries in the country". The total number and area of new human activities in national nature reserves have achieved a significant "double decline", basically reversing the trend of encroaching on and destroying the ecological environment of nature reserves.
This year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, together with relevant departments, continued to carry out the "Green Shield 2022" special action, organized human activities in nature reserves satellite remote sensing monitoring, pushed clues about key human activities in national nature reserves and national scenic spots to local areas, organized local areas to carry out on-site inspections, seriously investigated and dealt with illegal and irregular issues that damage the ecological environment of nature reserves, and promoted rectification and ecological restoration of problems.
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will continue to improve the ecological environment supervision system for nature reserves, organize the "Green Shield" special action and other supervision work, effectively safeguard the ecological security of nature reserves, and promote the construction of a beautiful China.
Upstream news reporter Li Hongpeng
Editor: Zhu Liang
Editor: Lang Qingxiang
Evaluation: Ruan Pengcheng
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