At the most critical moment in Egypt, in March 1973, the vice chairman of North Korea visited Egypt and agreed to support Egypt. Why is North Korea, thousands of miles away, helping the Arab brother Egypt in this way? It starts from the beginning.
In several Middle East wars, Egypt has no good
Soviet conspiracy
In 1967, the Soviet Union deliberately spread an alarming news that Israel was ready to attack in order to force Egypt to allow its troops to station in Egypt. Syria!
Israel was terrified. In order to clarify the facts, Israel repeatedly asked the Soviet ambassador to check on the border, but the Soviet Union refused. Egypt and Syria merged into the "United Arab Republic" at that time. Egypt decided to preemptively without verifying the authenticity of the news. President Nasser directly ordered the blockade of the Strait of Tiran in the south of Israel and took over the "United Nations Emergency Forces" on the border between Egypt and Israel. Defense zone.
Israel, which originally wanted to clarify the rumors, felt too threatened after being blocked from going to sea, and did not explain at all, and decided to preemptively . With the support of the United States, on June 5, 1967, Israel suddenly launched an attack, and within 6 days it smashed the Arab countries. Eventually Israel occupied Syria’s Golan Heights, Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula, Jerusalem, the West Bank of the Jordan River, and Jordan’s jurisdiction and the Gaza Strip totaling 65,000 square kilometers. soil of. A large number of Palestine refugees were driven out of their homes as a result.It is also the third Middle East war of .
The third Middle East war, it only took 6 days to win and lose
In 1968, the frustrated Nasser reluctantly sought protection from the Soviet Union and signed the Treaty of Shame, and will Alexandria, Said The port, Marut and other military ports were handed over to the Soviet Union for use and garrison. The Soviet Union finally took control of the Suez Canal and could cut off the sea oil channel at any time to deter other countries. The Soviet Union also forcibly sent 20,000 military advisers, from the top level of the Egyptian army to the company level, mastering missiles, advanced fighter jets and other equipment and military leadership, turning Egypt into a satellite country of the Soviet Union.
The Soviet strategy succeeded.
Egyptian President Nasser
In 1970, the defeated war, the loss of sovereignty, the economic recession, and the angry Nasser died of depression.
In fact, in the first three Middle East wars, the Soviet Union provided a large amount of military and economic assistance to Arab countries, and Egypt was the country that received the most assistance.
At the end of the 1950s, the Soviet Union sold 100 heavy tanks, 200 MiG fighters, more than 20 bombers, 6 warships, and uncounted amounts of ammunition to Egypt, and the price was only the price of Western arms. Of 10%.
Not only that, the Soviet Union also helped Egypt formulate a five-year economic development plan, aided more than 70 industries, and helped build Egypt's largest hydroelectric power station, the Aswan Dam . The international image of the Soviet Union rose instantly. For a time, the Soviet Union became synonymous with justice, and many weak and small countries fell to the Soviet Union one after another.
Soviet Union was very friendly
But in the last Egypt-Israel war,The Soviet Union stopped assisting Egypt, which led to Egypt's failure.
In fact, the Soviet Union's "halfway" method is its usual coercion method. China encountered such a sly trick in 1960. The successor president Sadat intends to negotiate peace with Israel through war. At this time, Egypt desperately needed a victory to boost national morale, but the Soviet Union did not support Egypt's war for political purposes, and was even more unwilling to honor the weapons it had previously promised.
In July 1972, Sadat, who could not bear it, expelled all Soviet military advisers and experts, and the relationship between Egypt and the Soviet Union broke down.
The Soviet advisers were driven away, but the Soviet-style equipment had to be used. Prior to this, the Soviet Union had been involved in Egypt’s air defense. Egyptian Air Force ’s Sumit-21 aircraft had always been piloted by Soviet pilots. Without the guidance of Soviet experts, a bunch of MiG-21 fighters, , don’t know how to use it, and the battle of is coming. What should we do about ? In desperation, North Korea visited.
Lieutenant General Saad Shazli, Chief of General Staff of Egypt, has long known that North Korea also uses MiG-21 aircraft. He asked the visiting North Korean Deputy Minister of Armed Forces General Zhang Zhenghuan whether he could send North Korean pilots to Egypt. Help the Egyptian army tide over the difficulties.
After Zhang Zhenghuan reported up, North Korea agreed to Egypt's request.
North Korean big man-Zhang Zhenghuan (first from right)
North Korea sends troops
There are three reasons why North Korea is willing to assist Egypt:
1. Egypt has always asked the United States to withdraw its troops from South Korea.
2. In the military,North Korea had received weapons support from the Soviet Union, and was very familiar with Soviet-made equipment and tactics. It would be more appropriate for North Korea to take over from the Soviet advisers.
3. North Korea has detained the American reconnaissance ship "Pueblo" and destroyed the EC-121 reconnaissance plane. It has rich experience in combat against the United States.
North Korea sent troops
In June 1973, North Korea sent a 1,500-member military advisory group to Egypt, including 39 volunteers, including 20 pilots, 8 controllers, 5 translators, and administrative staff 3, 1 military doctor, 1 cook and 1 political adviser. The leader was Cho Myung-rok, Chief of Staff of the North Korean Air Force, dressed in civilian clothes and disguised as laborers, and escaped all reconnaissance. arrived in Egypt .
The pilots sent are all North Korean air force elites with rich experience, and most of them are veteran pilots who have flown for more than 2,000 hours. As soon as they arrived at the front line, they set out to train the Egyptian Air Force and start a combat readiness flight along the Suez River Defense Line.
Zhao Minglu and Mubarak , then commander of the Egyptian Air Force, held a preparatory meeting where the fighting situation was deduced many times. According to Zhao Mingchang's strategy of "returning the people with his own body", fighter planes detoured over the Mediterranean and then implemented low-altitude defense at sea, avoiding the frontal defense of the Israeli army, and launched a surprise attack on Israel.
MiG-21
The Israeli military heard "Smecta" from the radio, a very unfamiliar voice, and immediately proceeded to study it, and later figured out that it was Korean. Israel was very nervous and immediately sent the all-pervasive Israeli intelligence organization Mossad to inquire about the news, and finally confirmed that it was the North Koreans helping Egypt train the air force.
On August 15, 1973, Israeli officials publicly announced that North Korean pilots were in Egypt, causing an uproar. But Egypt denied it, and North Korea was silent.It is difficult for the international community to discern the authenticity for a while. The ensuing Fourth Middle East War diverted everyone's attention, so the inside story of the Korean Volunteers in Egypt has been little known.
On the first day of the battle, the Egyptian Air Force carried out a preemptive raid. In just 20 minutes, almost all Israeli military targets on the Sinai Peninsula were destroyed. According to a bulletin from the Israeli Ministry of Defense, North Korean pilots played the role of Soviet pilots in the Korean War , driving 8 MiG-21 and shot down multiple Israeli fighters.
Although the war failed in the end, as far as Egypt is concerned, the goal of recovering the Sinai Peninsula has been achieved through discussion.
Egypt's return to North Korea
Egypt made a return in 1977 and provided North Korea with at least one 9P117 launch vehicle and two "Scud-B" missiles. These weapons that North Korea dreamed of were transported back to Nampo Port and transferred to the "Pyongyang Pig Farm" for imitation. Finally, North Korea finally imitated its own ballistic missiles "Dapudong" and "Labor." After continuous improvement, the produced missiles were also sold to Palestine and Iran, in the face of the Soviet Union, the United States, and Israel.
(Explain: The pig farm is under the jurisdiction of the Second Economic Commission of North Korea, and the official name of is "January 25 Machinery Factory". In order to prevent damage, it is called the pig farm to confuse the spies. The creation of the article is not easy )
9P117 launch vehicle
Remember the Egyptian Air Force Commander Mubarak mentioned earlier? It is this man,After becoming president, he did not forget North Korea’s righteous deeds, refused to recognize South Korea, and adhered to "the covenant with Chairman Kim Il Sung, and vowed not to establish diplomatic relations with South Korea." When Mubarak visited North Korea in 1983, Kim Il Sung also said, "Keep in mind 1973. In 1991, North Korea and Egypt fought side by side like brothers."
So far, North Korea and Egypt have been close, and after Mubarak was ousted, the North Koreans also expressed indignation.
The one who can prove this dusty history is the leader of the Korean Volunteer Army of "Resisting Israel and Aid Egypt" Cho Myung Lu, who later became the second commander of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. He is the only person with the surname Jin who can call the wind and the rain.
In the Fourth Middle East War, they encountered the Israeli Air Force several times. As for the specific battle conditions, the two countries tacitly kept the combat details, and no declassified files were made public. But in any case, the friendship between North Korea and Egypt is indeed there. The "October War Memorial" in Egypt was built on the basis of the "Korea Motherland War Memorial"; the only 3G operator recognized by North Korea also chose Egyptian telecom giant Orascom. They are really brother countries.
Until 1995, when the world situation changed drastically, Mubarak communicated with North Korea’s new leader Kim Jong Il on the world situation. Egypt and South Korea officially established diplomatic relations on the premise that the friendship between North Korea and Egypt remains unchanged.
The Korea Motherland War Memorial, which houses the downed US military fighters.
The world pattern change model. Let us wait and see where the friendship between Egypt and North Korea will go.
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