In Russian, Russian originally pronounced "Россия". There is no "Russian" in the pronunciation of this word. The correct translation should be "Raksha" or "Rusia". The English translation should be compared Good-"Russia", it restores the pronunciation of the word "Россия" better. In history, we have accurately translated Russian names. For example, during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties and the early Ming Dynasty, Russia was called "Raksha Country", but then it went wrong.
China is called "Китай" after translation in Russian, and the original meaning of this word is "Khitan". Of course, we are familiar with the Khitan. A nomadic people who once lived in northern China cannot be equated with China. Because Qiao Feng was a Khitanese, some Han people in the Song Dynasty accused him of "not my race, and his heart must be different."
Why is there such a translation error? The reason is simple, let’s talk about the first one, why China renamed Raksha country "Russia". Once the Chinese official translations of Russian country names were very inconsistent, including "Raksha", "Ros", "Rocha", "Roche", "Rochan" and so on. These translations are actually more accurate than Russian translations. . However, at the same time we still have many translation methods from Mongolian, such as Oros, Urus, Orus, etc. This is because there is no [r] in Mongolian, so they can only add a [o] in front of them. ] Sound, such Chinese translation vocabulary is common in various historical materials of Yuan Dynasty.
In the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the official began to revise the "Siku Quanshu", they decided to unify all kinds of Raksha country called "Russia". For example, in the "Pictures of the Sea State" in the late Qing Dynasty, Wei Yuan referred to Russia as "Oros". In this way, the translation method of adding an "e" before "Ros" is actually determined. Although the Chinese refer to Russia as Russia, Russia really has nothing to do with "Russia". This is an error caused by the second translation.
Then why does Russia call China Khitan? The Khitan originally originated in Northeast China. They established the Liao Kingdom. The word Khitan means "iron" in their language. Later, Wanyan Agu fought against the Liao. He believed that although the iron was hard, it would rust. The gold never deteriorates, so he named his dynasty "Golden Dynasty". Later, the Liao Dynasty was destroyed by the Jin Dynasty. After a long period of fusion between the two countries, the name Khitan began to become the collective name of the various ethnic groups in North China. Slowly, the Khitan became a foreign name for China, including Middle English and Ancient Portuguese. Chinese, ancient Spanish and other languages have examples of using Khitan to refer to China.
The word Qidan was translated as "begging tower" by the Mongols. It also refers to the north of China or directly refers to China. By the 13th century, the Mongols developed them The famous Western Expedition, the word was spread more widely because of the war, even Marco Polo used Khitan to refer to China. Since the Russians were also ruled by the Mongols for more than 200 years, they learned the word and used it. Until today, "Китай" means Chinese in Russian, but in fact it refers to Khitan. To be more precise, their translation made a big mistake.
