Developing and strengthening the rural collective economy is an important way to realize the rural revitalization strategy and the only way to achieve common prosperity. The "14th Five-Year Plan" and the outline of long-term goals for 2035 propose that it is necessary to "deepen

Farming is the foundation of the world, and there is no greater service.

Developing and strengthening the rural collective economy is an important way to realize the rural revitalization strategy and the only way to achieve common prosperity . The "14th Five-Year Plan" and the outline of long-term goals for 2035 propose that it is necessary to "deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system and develop a new rural collective economy." This year's No. 1 Central Document once again clearly proposed to consolidate and improve the results of the reform of the rural collective property rights system and explore a new path for the development of the rural collective economy.

In order to further promote the implementation of the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, promote the high-quality development of the new rural collective economy , and gain an in-depth understanding of the specific practices, difficulties and problems faced by local governments in the process of developing the new rural collective economy, summarize experiences, build consensus, and provide advice on governance, in June this year, Wang Xiaodong, deputy director of the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, led a team to Hunan and Jilin to conduct special inspections by non-party members in Hunan and Jilin on "vigorously developing the new rural collective economy and actively assisting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside." The

inspection team went deep into 13 villages and towns in 3 cities and 1 state in Hunan and Jilin provinces. They went into the fields and production lines to learn more about the local village collective economic development, modern agricultural planting models, rural governance, etc., and held discussions and exchanges with relevant government departments of Hunan and Jilin provinces. The committee members walked all the way, talked about changes, development, and thought about the future. They gained a deeper understanding and consensus on the original intention and path of developing a new rural collective economy, and further gained confidence in promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas and achieving common prosperity. As member Wang Xiaodong said, developing and strengthening the village collective economy and doing everything possible to increase farmers' income is a major and urgent task at present. It is an important measure to strengthen agriculture, beautify the countryside, and enrich farmers. It is the only way to achieve rural revitalization and common prosperity.

One Village Recommends One Product and Transformed into an Internet Celebrity Village

Hongguang Village, Jiutai District, Changchun City is located on the bank of Yinma River. Since all the village is paddy field, it has always been called "Rice Village" in the past. When you walk into Hongguang Village, you will be filled with vitality at first glance. You will see green seedlings growing vigorously in the sparkling light. In the rice fields, rice field fish, rice field crabs, and rice field ducks coexist harmoniously.

"The rice fields are painted to cultivate the beautiful scenery, and a panoramic view of the countryside is available." Walking along the glass plank road to the observation deck, the committee members were filled with admiration.

Over the years, the Party branch of Hongguang Village has led the establishment of a professional cooperative to develop the village collective economy through the "three-for-two-concentration" model. All 276 hectares of land have been transferred to the cooperative, and farmers have participated in the dividends through land pricing. At present, the per capita annual income of Hongguang Village has reached 25,000 yuan, and the village collective annual income has reached 500,000 yuan.

Hongguang Village is not the only one that revitalizes land resources, strengthens the collective economy, and increases farmers' income.

When we walked into Ma'anshan Village in Jiutai District, Changchun City, we saw villages with different styles scattered around. Xiaonan River flows around the village, showing the pleasant pictures of beautiful countryside everywhere.

Standing in front of the huge display screen of the Ma'anshan pastoral complex project, the committee members saw a beautiful picture of the integration of agriculture and tourism. Modern agricultural creative industry zone, happy farm experience zone, ecological processing zone, native cultural zone... Ma'anshan Village takes tourism as the leader and drives the development of related industries. Villagers have opened rural B&Bs in their idle houses. In addition to rent and work income, villagers can also enjoy dividends from the village collective, achieving an increase in income.

Song Yakun, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, couldn't help but lament that in just a few years, the collective economy of some villages has made a wonderful turnaround, and the once poor villages have turned into celebrity villages and Internet celebrity villages.

Proceed from reality, adapt to local conditions, and develop a "one village, one product" characteristic economy based on local advantageous resources. Various parts of Hunan are also actively exploring this.

The inspection team inspected the local fruit and vegetable picking agricultural demonstration park in Shuangyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province.

"Changsha Organic Valley" is located in Xinming Village, Guoyuan Town, Changsha County. Walking into the fruit and vegetable greenhouse, I saw ripe tomatoes hanging all over the branches and arranged neatly. The villagers warmly invited the committee members to taste the freshly picked cucumbers and small tomatoes.

Huang Jiming, secretary of the village branch, introduced that based on the local good ecological foundation, Xinming Village put forward the concept of "ecologically establishing a village and developing organically", and Xinming's fruits and vegetables have become high-end and best-selling products in the market.

"In 2021, our village's total economic income will be 92 million yuan, and the per capita income will be 43,000 yuan." Huang Jiming told the committee members that at present, while developing organic planting and organic seed breeding, the village is also promoting the promotion and training of organic production technology, organic agriculture promotion, and the construction of an organic practice base for farming experience teaching, to promote the sustainable development of the village's collective economy.

After the village became beautiful and prosperous, the pace of young people returning to their hometowns accelerated, and the superior conditions of being close to the city and convenient transportation attracted more and more investors and tourists.

resources are turned into equity , funds are turned into shares, and farmers are turned into shareholders. This "three changes" reform pioneered by the grassroots has become a key move in the development of new rural collective economies in Jilin and Hunan provinces.

"Jilin and Hunan provinces have taken the development of the new rural collective economy as an important measure for rural revitalization. The collective economy has developed strongly and achieved remarkable results." During the inspection, Xie Xuezhi, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, deeply felt that enhancing the vitality and motivation of the rural collective economy lies in deepening reforms.

In this regard, Jilin and Hunan are leading the way. From the reform of the rural collective property rights system to the reform of the rural land system, both provinces have strengthened high-level promotion and top-level design.

In 2020, Jilin Province established a province-wide rural property rights transfer and trading platform to provide services for registration and custody, transfer transactions, mortgage (pledge) financing , delivery settlement, query certificates, etc. of various rural property rights. It has achieved obvious phased results.

In terms of strengthening collective economic policy guarantees, Hunan has issued a number of special policy documents for the development of village-level collective economy . According to the new development requirements, the "Opinions on Further Accelerating the Development and Strengthening of the Rural Collective Economy" was formulated last year, allowing village collectives to undertake small and medium-sized rural production and living infrastructure construction projects with a single investment of less than 2 million yuan, and proposed many innovative and detailed measures.

Extend the industry chain Integrate multiple industries

The inspection team inspected the development of the new rural collective economy in Futang Village, Jinggang Town, Changsha City, Hunan Province

Industrial revitalization is the top priority for rural revitalization. Only when the industry thrives can the collective economy develop and grow. Rural areas far away from cities need to make use of their own resource endowments and strive to enhance their "hematopoietic" function.

The pass is named after the "Aimen Pass", the first pass at the northernmost end of the Great Wall of China in southern China. It is located in Majing'ao Town, Jishou City, Xiangxi Prefecture. In recent years, Aikou Village has been committed to developing the Xiangxi Golden Tea industry, achieving an average of 6 acres of tea per capita, and has become the origin and core production area of ​​Xiangxi Golden Tea in Jishou City. It is known as the "No. 1 Golden Tea Village in Western Hunan."

Standing in the hinterland of the Wuling Mountains, the committee members looked out from a high place and had a panoramic view of thousands of acres of golden tea gardens.

Village party secretary Xiang Tianshun introduced that Aikou proposed the concept of "red shares". The village collective pooled 300,000 yuan of funds into the tea cooperative processing plant to participate in the tea cooperative, accounting for 19% of the shares. The cooperative will pay dividends based on the amount of tea processed.

"This year's spring tea processing has paid dividends of 200,000 yuan, and it is expected to reach 400,000 yuan by the end of the year." Xiang Tianshun said with a smile while looking at the tea gardens in the mountains.

After understanding the development model of the golden tea industry, Wang Quan, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, said that farmers use their own strengths and only grow tea, and cooperatives are responsible for unified purchase, processing, and sales, which solves the problem of farmers not being able to do well or being unable to do it. Farmers and enterprises have thus formed a pattern of complementary advantages, division of labor and cooperation in the industrial chain.

Wang Quan believes that by improving this interest linkage mechanism, farmers can participate as much as possible, and farmers can do what they can, so that farmers can share more in the value-added benefits of the industry.

"Nowadays, the market demand is strong and the golden tea industry is developing well. In the long run, how can we take the path of sustainable development of the village collective economy in the future?" When asked by members of the inspection team, Xiang Tianshun answered in four words: tea and tourism integration.

Today's Aikou Village is making a fuss about developing the integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries of tea tourism, adding new business formats, and realizing the integrated functions of accommodation, catering, leisure, sightseeing, and conference services.

Li Yuanyuan, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, deeply agrees with this. He believes that the development path of the new rural collective economy should be more diversified. In addition to traditional resource leasing, property management and other development paths, the functions of rural areas in leisure tourism, cultural inheritance and other aspects should also be fully explored.

Dongfeng County, Jilin Province has been exploring and practicing for many years in terms of cultural industries helping to increase the income of the collective economy. At the Chinese Peasant Painting Gallery in Dongfeng County, the committee members were deeply impressed by the peasant paintings that were full of rich northern customs and colorful. Nowadays, Dongfeng peasant paintings are not only the interest of farmers during their leisure time. By opening peasant painting activity rooms, carrying out peasant painting creation training and product sales, and striving to build peasant painting themed villages, it has become a new means of generating income and wealth in local villages.

However, it is undeniable that from a national perspective, there are still varying degrees of homogeneous competition in rural collective economies in some areas.

Zhong Zhiyu, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, pointed out that problems such as insufficient development ideas, single paths and methods, and the inability to take differentiated paths still require great attention.

Zhong Zhiyu suggested that top-level design should be carried out. It is necessary for the county and township levels to coordinate the allocation of collective assets, land, projects, financial support funds, talents and other resource elements within their jurisdiction, coordinate layout, centralized planning, unified operation and management, create a community of interests, and avoid homogeneous competition and "following the trend" development.

In addition to acquired problems, there are also inherent deficiencies in the development of the collective economy in some places. Some committee members said in the exchange that after the implementation of a series of reforms of the rural household responsibility system, the assets originally owned by the village collectives, such as land, forests, etc., were equally divided among the households. The village collectives lacked assets, so that some villages not only had basically no collective economic income, but also incurred debts for basic construction. The rural collective economy is very fragile. In this case, without the support of government departments, the development of the collective economy will feel like "water without a source and a tree without roots." In a village like

, how does the "first pot of gold" of the village's collective economy come from?

Zhao Song, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, believes that the solution still needs to be slowly cultivated through government support and market methods. It is important to enhance farmers' confidence in the future.

"The principle of voluntariness is one of the principles that should be followed in the development of a new rural collective economy." Zhu Dingzhen, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference , believes that we must pay attention to the subject status of farmers, fully respect and guide farmers' wishes, and not implement "one size fits all".

We cannot forcibly transfer land and force farmers to "go upstairs" against their will under various pretexts. This is also one of the "most important things not to do" in developing the rural collective economy proposed by Li Yuncai, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Li Yuncai suggested that rural areas with poor production conditions, little arable land, inconvenient transportation, and few income-increasing and sales channels should promote integrated development and cannot "go it alone." "Integration brings collective strength, scale, and quality."

Some members also suggested that villages, towns and villages should break geographical boundaries and jointly form cross-collective and cross-regional investment entities. "The village collective economy should not be limited to one village, it is a joint concept. Villages and villages jointly realize the collective economy 'walking in step', forming a development pair, and strong villages lead weak villages."

"To develop a new rural collective economy, we must keep in mind the original intention, find the correct positioning, and achieve common prosperity is the direction we must always adhere to." Wang Xin, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, believes that in this process, we must continue to reform and innovate, open up new avenues, and study new methods.

"Head Goose" pilots the flight Release new vitality

The picture shows the rice field park and high-standard farmland in Hongguang Village, Jiutai District, Changchun City, Jilin Province

To develop a new rural collective economy, party organizations must take the lead. By giving full play to the role of grassroots party organizations as fighting fortresses, hundreds of millions of farmers can be organized.

Since last year, Jilin Province has actively promoted cooperatives run by village party branches, with village party branches taking the lead in the operation and management of cooperatives, creating a platform for village collectives and farmers to share benefits and risks. community, and take the path of organized rural marketization.

Building a strong branch battle fortress is inseparable from the construction of a talent team. From a practical point of view, whether the village collective economy is strong or not, the "head goose" is crucial.

Zeng Junjie, 43 years old, is the party branch secretary and village director of Futang Village, Jinggang Town, Wangcheng District, Changsha City, Hunan Province. He is a veteran. “My original intention in returning to my hometown was to help the villagers become rich experts. ”

Under the guidance of the local party committee and government, and under the leadership of Zeng Junjie, Futang Village has made every effort to build a rural collective that is led by party building, guided by the government, guided by the market, led by cooperatives, helped by leading enterprises, supported by rural talents, led by party members, and participated by the masses. "Futang Model" of economic development. In 2021, the per capita income of farmers in the village will be nearly 40,000 yuan, and the village's collective operating income will increase by more than 300,000 yuan, exceeding 500,000 yuan for the whole year.

"It has not been long since I returned home, but I have motivation, passion, and ideas. "This is the sincere evaluation that the committee members heard from the villagers about Zeng Junjie.

Another leader in getting rich who left a deep impression on the inspection team is Han Li, Secretary of the Party Branch and Director of the Village Committee of Chaoyang Village, Anshi Town, Dongliao County, Jilin Province. Han Li from the collective Taking interests into account, we planned the integration of three industries and built a number of village-run enterprises, including the Chaoyang Village Sock Factory. The village’s collective assets increased from zero to 70 million yuan, making Chaoyang Village a well-known model village.

“With capable people, we can ‘make something out of nothing, and make something out of nothing’.” Only with good candidates can all policies be implemented. "Committee Wang Xiaodong said that we must persist in leadership by capable people, and cultivating leading geese is a key project.

Ni Kunxiao, Rural Economic Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs also mentioned that in recent years, all localities have taken party building as the guide, seized favorable opportunities such as vigorously cultivating new business entities and promoting the reform of the rural collective property rights system, and focused on cultivating leaders and selecting and matching strong leaders. “These capable people have played a very important role in leading farmers and rural areas to common prosperity. "

It is often hard to find capable people who understand management and are good at business. Some people said in their exchanges with committee members that it is really difficult to choose a good village branch secretary.

What is the root cause of the difficulty?

Zhou Zhen, an assistant researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics and Technical Economics of the National Development and Reform Commission, believes that the root cause of the lack of capable people lies in the confirmation of membership of rural collective economic organizations. The talent joining mechanism and channels are not smooth. Because the conditions are not met, some capable people cannot become collective members and cannot enjoy the benefits. Due to the relevant rights and interests of collective members, the collective economy does not have a sustainable supply of human resources.

Therefore, the committee members suggested that we should retain people through career, love and treatment. If there are industries and projects in the village, talents will naturally come. At the same time, there must be breakthroughs in policy. "It is impossible without special policies. We must boldly try, boldly break out, and dare to make breakthroughs."

In this regard, Hunan has many innovative practices. Innovative measures such as allowing localities to use no more than 20% of the village's collective economic net profit that year to reward village collective economic organizations that have made contributions have been welcomed by grassroots cadres.

Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative ConferenceWang Hongling combined with Hubei's experience proposed that the "Red Headed Goose" project should be vigorously implemented to select and strengthen the leaders of grassroots party organizations; vigorously carry out the project of capable people returning to their hometowns, and actively guide and support college students in the village, successful people abroad, and retired soldiers to return to their hometowns to start businesses and lead enterprises.

"Send culture northward and tilt policies northward" is a suggestion put forward by Commissioner Zhu Dingzhen . Against the background of brain drain in the Northeast, advanced culture, good development concepts and more preferential policies should be sent to the Northeast.

The new era has given the new rural collective economy a new historical mission.

Member Wang Xiaodong proposed that the original intention and purpose of developing a new rural collective economy should be viewed from a strategic and political perspective. Developing and strengthening the rural collective economy is conducive to consolidating the party's ruling foundation in rural areas; developing and strengthening the collective economy is conducive to improving and improving rural public services; developing and strengthening the collective economy is conducive to promoting the common prosperity of the countryside.

"Co-construction, co-governance, and sharing must run through the entire process of rural collective economic development." Member Wang Xiaodong believes that the rural collective economy is an important economic foundation for co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, and co-construction, co-governance, and sharing are also a good environment for the development of the rural collective economy. The core point is to give full play to the dominant position and role of farmers, so that farmers can truly have a sense of happiness, security, and gain in the process of developing a new rural collective economy.

Rural revitalization requires the joint participation of the state, society and other forces. The same is true for developing a new rural collective economy. It also requires the state, governments at all levels, society and other forces to converge on the countryside to assist development.

"The next period will be a stage of rapid evolution of my country's rural morphology. With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the rural collective economy will still be in the process of exploring reform and innovation now and in the future." Jie Xuezhi Standing Committee said that developing the new rural collective economy requires continuous efforts, taking into account the current and long-term, and coordinating development and stability. It is necessary to continue to do a good job in the top-level design of reform and legislation, so that the new rural collective economy becomes an important support for agricultural and rural modernization, and makes a good start for the comprehensive realization of rural revitalization and the long-term goal of common prosperity.

The original text was published in the 12th edition of " People's Political Consultative Conference " on July 27, 2022. Research

reporter: Bao Songya