hybrid recombinant "Deltacron" strain may surpass Omickron BQ.1.1 to become the most common strain of the new coronavirus. what does that mean?
COVID-19 virus destroys
Public health experts are concerned about causing a mutated version of the new coronavirus, which combine the worst elements of different strains. When two or more slightly different versions of the novel coronavirus subvariant encounter, they can share genetic information and transform into a more powerful and troublesome pathogen.
These branches are called recombinants and may be more contagious - better escape immunity , and usually better overcome certain drugs. Obviously, this poses a huge threat to hospitals and doctors’ offices, with influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and COVID surges as temperatures drop, and this winter, hospitals and doctors’ offices are facing triple threats.
Although these recombinants are rare to date and may disappear soon after they are discovered, they still pose a significant threat as long as they spread and continue to exist. Some people start calling these variants "Deltacrons" like the mixture of " delta delta" and " omicron omicron ". But what exactly is a recombinant, and how worried should people be?
Coronavirus subvariants recombinant variants
Deltacron Deltacron variant
"' Deltacron Deltacron' variants are recombinants between Delta delta delta and Omickron variants. They have happened before, but the problem now is that there are many different Omickron variants that can also be recombined," Dr. T. Ryan Gregory, an evolutionary and genomic biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada, told reporters. “Delta is considered more toxic, but Omickron is more transmissible [and] immune escape. So, the 'best of both worlds' (from the perspective of the novel coronavirus) is having delta severity and Omickron transmission.
“Of course, that doesn’t necessarily mean that,” Gregory added. “There may be the transmission of delta and the severity of Omickron – but we may not see that because it won’t outperform other Omickron variants.” What worries me the most is that the recombinant is absorbing additional mutations.
In other words, these types of recombinants may have combined the worst elements of the two strains. From July 2021 to November 2021, the highly contagious delta variant dominated (covered) all COVID-19 infections worldwide, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. According to the study, this strain is more likely to hospitalize the victims, with a very high incidence of disease. Then, starting from December 2021, the Omickron strain usurped the kingly status of the Delta mutant strain and became more than 90% of the mutant strains infected with all new crown infections. According to some studies, the Omicron variant and its subvariant offspring appear to be more contagious than the delta delta, but does not seem to be significantly more deadly.
Deltacrons
"What worries me the most is that these recombinants of various subvariants of the coronavirus are absorbing additional mutations, not just Deltacrons. The Omickron and Omickron recombination is also worrying," Dr. Rajendram Rajnarayanan, Assistant Dean and Associate Professor of Campus Research at New York Institute of Technology, Jonesboro, Arkansas, told reporters. He describes some of these differences as “a variant sandwich with the same extra ingredients.”
Recombinant variants between subvariants of the new coronavirus Omickron
With the emergence of multiple strange variants, public health experts have been wondering for months: Why don’t we see new variants? The variant plan is called "π", which will be a new, troublesome coronavirus variant of the Greek letter that is genetically different from previous iterations.WHO has a system that uses Greek letters to name "Variants worthy of attention" but has not given anything such a name since the detection of Omicron in November 2021.
However, the virus is still mutating, with many of its branches being given confusing names with strings of numbers and letters. For example, the recombinant strains are named XBF and XBB. Some, such as Dr. Peter Hotez, co-director of the Texas Children's Hospital vaccine development center, even called these "scrabble variants" , because B, Q and X are high score letters in popular board games. Gregory came up with a list of nicknames for these branches so that it would be easier to remember these names. For example, the nickname of the BQ.1.1 variant is Cerberus, while the nickname of the XBB variant is Gryphon.
The reason why the new coronavirus has so many different variants is that the virus is not completely elegant when reproductive and replicating . When viruses enter cells, it hijacks their genetic code, causing them to short-circuit and start creating more viruses. These newborn viruses will accumulate until they rush out of the cell, kill it, and then spread out to cause greater damage.
But each of these copies is a bit sloppy. Therefore, errors or mutations often occur in . Occasionally, mutations give the virus an advantage, allowing it to enter cells better, escape the immune system, defense or spread to others. Often, random mutations violate the best interests of the virus, but if the change proves to be a disadvantage (good news for humans), it is unlikely that weaker viruses will continue to proliferate.
Some viruses change slowly, but the new coronavirus mutates extremely fast. Each new infection gives it plenty of opportunity to develop new mutations, which may or may not help it do what it wants: continue to spread and reproduce. Scientists have been monitoring these mutations since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, and some mutations, such as the current Omickron strain, have become a serious problem.
But what happens if someone is infected with two different strains of the virus at the same time? In this case, the virus can exchange genetic information, just as the neighbors share a recipe. There is no hard rule that recombinant strains are better or worse than others, but they can still cause unique problems.
"If we consider the Omicron variant of omicron as a family tree, BA.2 (the main strain in the UK in spring 2022) is a pro-brother of BA.5 (the current dominant variant in the UK) and a grandparent of BQ.1. In other words, BQ.1 is a sub-lineage of BA.5," Victoria Easton, a research and teaching researcher at the School of Molecular and Cell Biology at Leeds University, wrote in the "Conversation" section. "XBB is a mixture of two Omickron BA.2 lineages BA.2.10.1 and BA.2.75. This makes XBB the other grandson of BA.2. Therefore, XBB and BQ.1 are cousins. The good news is that recombinant variants do not account for a large proportion of cases in the United States so far. Latest data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention show that typhoons (BQ.1) and Hellhounds (BQ.1.1) account for more than 40% of cases, but recombinant variants like Griffin (XBB) are still low. They cluster in the "other" category and are estimated to account for 2% of cases. The bad news is that emerging data (has not been peer-reviewed) suggest that at least the same as the BA.5 is much better at evading immunity from vaccination or previous infections than BA.5. This means people may still get sick, although some experts hope that the infection may be slightly less severe this year.
, Ph.D. Anthony Fauci, Ph.D., chief medical consultant of the White House and director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, affiliated with the National Institutes of Health,
, White House , Medical Consultant, , Anthony Fauci, Ph.D., told the U.S. public: "We hope that immunity caused by previous infections or vaccination will protect most people from serious illness or death. But this is a hope, not a fact, and most people who have experienced a long-term COVID-19 will not think it is a 'mild' infection".New data from
show that some of these recombinant variants can also evade immunity from vaccine and previous COVID-19 infections.
At the end of last month, the World Health Organization estimated that the griffin (XBB) variant had been detected in more than 35 countries, with Singapore and India taking the biggest hit, although the global prevalence was only 1.3%.
"While further research is needed, the current data do not indicate substantial differences in the severity of disease infections in the XBB* variant family," the World Health Organization warned. "However, there is early evidence that reinfection is at a higher risk than other prevalent Omickron lineages."
Other new data suggest that some of these recombinant variants can also evade immunity from vaccines and previous coronavirus infections. Since the "mutant soup" may simultaneously drive multiple waves of the new crown epidemic this winter, this provides more opportunities for the emergence and potential dominance of the recombinant.
"The XBB variant is a recombinant between two BA.2 lineage variants (i.e., two omicron variants) and has been successful in Singapore," said Dr. Gregory. "Deltacron, which combines the immune escape of XBB or BQ.1/BQ.1.1 with the virulence of delta delta, can be very worrying.
The coronavirus will continue to mutate, which is expected, but our core defense - virologist Ian McKay (Ian) Mackay calls what the "Swiss Cheese Model" of pandemic defense — will remain the same. Masks and good indoor ventilation will prevent the virus, no matter how many mutations it has undergone. Drugs like vaccines, monoclonal antibodies and COVID-19 oral medications Paxlovid may be slightly blunted by some subsequent mutations, but they are not completely useless, and are still better than none.
still strongly recommends everyone to receive COVID-19 vaccine Strengthen injection. We can suppress the chances of virus reproduction in any way and limit strains that may produce more escape ability. This is a good way to slow the worsening of this pandemic.
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