Talk for a while before going to bed, there is a world in your dream. Hello, listeners.
In the past two days, the No. 2 ancient ship of the Yangtze River Estuary has attracted countless people's attention. November 21st at 0:40, after more than four hours of continuous improvement underwater, the huge caisson was loaded with the ancient ship to the water as a whole. At 1:30 pm today, the ancient ship of the caisson "embraces" entered the Huangpu River , and the ancient ship was settled in the dock No. 1 of the former site of the Yangpu Binjiang Shanghai Shipyard. How did an ancient wooden ship from Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty be salvaged out of the water as a whole? Where does the unfinished journey come from and where does it go? Today, let’s talk about this.
In 2015, this wooden ancient ship was discovered when underwater archaeological surveys were conducted in the Hengsha waters of Chongming, the estuary of the Yangtze River. After 7 years of investigation and exploration, the basic situation of the ancient ship has been discovered. Due to severe erosion by water flow, the ancient ship is accelerating to expose the surface of the riverbed and needs protection urgently. In March this year, the archaeological and cultural relics protection project of the No. 2 ancient ship in the Yangtze River Estuary was officially launched. After unremitting efforts, the mast covered with barnacles is clearly visible, the cross-dividing plate appears like a fish bone, and is filled with mud and sand. This " time and space capsule " that spans history has seen the light of day again.
(Ancient ship simulation picture. Picture provided by Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Culture and Tourism)
Through several numbers, you can especially see the difficulty of salvage work:
8800 tons. The No. 2 ancient ship of the Yangtze River Estuary is the largest wooden wreck discovered in my country's underwater archaeology so far, but the total water effluent is as high as 8,800 tons, but many people still can't figure it out. In fact, about 6,000 tons of 8,800 tons are silt and sand. Since the ancient shipwreck is a wooden shipwreck, the hull is still buried deep in silt at a depth of 5.5 meters, and the structure is very fragile. adopts an overall salvage method to dig out the entire riverbed area of the ancient ship, which is an effective way to protect the wreck. The difficulty of salvaging nearly 10,000 tons of heavy objects out of water at is to imagine.
77 days. It does not count the early archaeological survey, but only from the arrival of the main operating ship to the water area and the overall salvaging of the ancient ship. After 77 days of hard work, the ancient ship finally came out of the water late at night. Some people are curious: Why can't water come out during the day? Salvage operations require time, place and people. No matter day and night, calm winds are the best time to salvage. Naturally, the time of water flow can only be "destined by heaven", even if you work all night long, you will be willing to do it. It must be seen that compared with field archaeology, the difficulty coefficient of underwater archaeology has increased exponentially. The ancient ship sank at the intersection of rivers and seas in the estuary of the Yangtze River. It is a typical muddy water area with basically zero visibility. When salvaged to a certain level, divers need to be sent to the water to investigate the progress. In addition, the ancient ship has a huge hull and numerous cultural relics. It requires strict salvage accuracy and requires adjustment of posture from time to time and cannot be missed. It is precisely with the patience and rigor of the staff that this complicated work can be completed.
overcomes high difficulties because it depends on the accuracy and strength of technology. is like a moonlight hidden in the sea. The No. 2 ancient ship in the Yangtze River Estuary has been salvaged, using a number of world-class advanced processes, technologies and equipment. Among them, the overall migration technology of non-contact cultural relics of arc beams is the world's first. 22 giant arc beams passed through the seabed one by one and assembled underwater, and finally built a huge caisson of 48 meters long, 19 meters wide and 9 meters high, embracing the ancient ship in his arms, which was nicknamed "claw machine" by netizens. There is also a special salvage engineering ship " Strive Wheel " creatively designed and built. The middle of the ship is open and comes with an html April Moon Pool , which is 56 meters long and 20 meters wide, which can directly reach the seabed. Through a hydraulic synchronous lifting system composed of more than 2,000 steel strands on both sides of the moon pool, the caisson is directly lifted from the seabed to the moon pool, and then transferred and unloaded to the dock, which is compared to "kangaroo mother". In addition, technologies such as nuclear arc beam processing technology, tunnel shield excavation technology, immersed tube tunnel docking technology, and other technologies have also been used in the fields of cultural relics protection and archaeology for the first time.
(The main operating ship Dali and the special engineering ship Fenli. Picture provided by the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Culture and Tourism)
As early as 2007, when the Nanhai No. 1 wreck was salvaged out of the water as a whole, George Bass, the "father of underwater archaeology", exclaimed: "This can only happen in China." The moment when the ancient ship No. 2 of the Yangtze River Estuary came out of the water, the archaeologists once again sighed: The important weapon of a great country is the greatest confidence for the return of the ancient ship. If my country had not improved its comprehensive national strength and scientific and technological level in recent years, there would have been no successful emergence of a huge ancient ship. This milestone event once again contributed Chinese technology, Chinese experience and Chinese solutions to world underwater archaeology.
The ancient ship came out of the water, opening a new starting point for research. From the neatly packed Jingdezhen kiln porcelain in the cabin, to the purple clay that emits water from the hull and around, Vietnamese hookahs, wooden bucket residues, and then to the large-scale whole utensils such as the Yuan Dynasty porcelain and bean green glaze blue and white bottles cleaned during underwater investigation, the number of ancient ship No. 2 in the Yangtze River Estuary has been completely released or repairable in the number of cultural relics, which is surprising. The hull and ship equipment are well preserved, and the ship cargo is rich. A large number of daily necessities on the ship show the vivid pictures of merchant ship navigation and life on the ship in the late Qing Dynasty, providing important physical information for the study of China's modern economic and trade history, the history of shipping in the Yangtze River Golden Waterway and the modern Maritime Silk Road. These known cultural relics are still just the tip of the iceberg, and more treasures still need to be continuously studied by archaeologists.
uses biological gene research technology to verify the "age" of the ancient ship with a rice husk; use computers to simulate the "change of the world" in the waters of the Yangtze River Estuary, and try to decipher the reason for the sinking of the ancient ship... In the research of the ancient ship No. 2 in the Yangtze River Estuary, the role of science and technology continues to appear. As the ancient ship was successfully docked, the arc-shaped caisson of the ancient ship was accurately seated on the pre-cast saddle, and the No. 2 ancient ship in the Yangtze River Estuary officially entered a new stage of archaeology and protection. technology not only empowers shipwrecks to get out of the water, but will also provide new ways to decipher history.
After experiencing a thrilling journey from the vast sea, the ancient ship finally enjoys tranquility. More than 150 years ago, where did it come from and where it went; why did it sink, and whose life it condensed... Everything is waiting for the cultural relics to "open" to speak. This is the charm of archaeology - although the dead are like this, there are always some cultural relics that have been lucky enough to appear in front of today's people through the years. This is a treasure left by our ancestors and an important component of the magnificent history of Chinese civilization. In the archaeological base and museum transformed into an old dock in the past, technology will eventually unveil the mystery of the ancient ship for us.
This is exactly:
A hundred-year-old ship is silent in the water, and once it comes out of the water, the world knows it.
The moon passes through the river with the sand in your arms, and let’s see that the years always leave traces.
(text | Cao Lingjuan)
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"Speak with the Future - Talk with a Story Before Bedtime"
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丨Introduction 丨
Following "Speak with the Times" "Speak with the World" ", the "Speak with a Story Before Bedtime" column of the People's Daily Commentary Department has promoted the series of reading materials "Speak with the Future", turning the heart-to-heart talks a few minutes before bed into a more accessible companionship. This book systematically sorts out the important news hotspots in the past two years, divided into fashion, world, youth, era, characters, culture, life, society, new knowledge, etc., giving readers a window to touch time and observe the world.
We trek through time and move forward towards the future. When facing the past, everyone will have regrets, regrets, and memories; fortunately, everyone will have a future, where there are confusion and loss, and there will be more rewards and hope. This little book contains the ripples in time and the various encounters in memory. I hope it will allow us to "go to the future together" in the connected joys and sorrows. Although the future is uncertain, it is because of this that everything is possible.
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