During pregnancy, what pregnant mothers care about most is the health of the fetus. Through examination, you can understand the development of the fetus. One of the items of the examination is Down's screening, which many pregnant mothers will do. So what is Down’s screening? How many weeks does Sugar's screening work best? Let’s learn about Down’s screening.
Down screening is what screening
Down screening is the abbreviation of prenatal screening test for Down syndrome. Down syndrome, also known as "21 trisomy syndrome ", means that there is an additional 21 chromosome , causing the fetus to become a "congenital fool". The purpose of Down's screening is to detect whether the fetal A protein in the serum of pregnant women is normal by extracting blood from pregnant women. In addition, the concentration of estriol and whether the hair gonadotropin matches the age and physical condition of the pregnant women, thereby judging the risk of the fetus.
Usually, the fetal protein A is normal between 0.7 and 2.5 MOM, and the fetus has a low chance of developing Down syndrome. However, the protein of type A fetus is abnormal and the chorionic gonadotropin is high, so the fetus pregnant with pregnant women has a high chance of suffering from Down syndrome. If the numerical values of type A fetal protein and chorionic gonadotropin are input into the computer and then accurately calculate the weight, age and weeks of the pregnant woman, the chance of getting sick can be obtained. If the test results indicate that the probability is greater than normal, the result is positive and the fetus has a high chance of illness, and the pregnant mother needs to undergo further examination.
However, it is necessary to remind pregnant mothers that Down’s screening is risky and may leave trauma. For example, the incidence rate of Down syndrome in the population is about 1%, and doing this traumatic test will cause a 1 in 200 risk of miscarriage. That is to say, if pregnant mothers do not undergo Down screening, there is a 99% chance that the fetus will be born is normal. However, if you do Down's screening, it will increase the risk of miscarriage. However, in order to give birth to a healthy baby, many pregnant mothers still choose to do it.
How much does the Down screening value be normal
Before doing Down screening, expectant mothers should not only understand what the Down screening is, but also know how much does the Down screening value be normal, otherwise it would be in vain. What is the normal value for Na’s screening? Let’s take a look together below.
1. If Down’s screening shows high risk, that is, the risk value is greater than 1/275, it is still necessary to draw amniotic fluid or umbilical blood to test it to make a clear diagnosis, even if they are invasive tests, there are various risks.
2. Screening is not a high risk, but the risk value is also relatively high. For example, 1/400. The doctor may not recommend prenatal diagnosis, but will inform you of the risks. Because the higher the score, the higher the risk, and prenatal diagnosis also has corresponding trauma risks, such as miscarriage. Therefore, you need to think carefully about a question with your family and whether to continue to do the examination.
3. If the risk value is relatively low after screening, less than 1/275, it proves that the fetus is healthy and no further examination is required. Pregnant mothers can continue to take care of the fetus. During the process of nourishing the fetus, do not eat randomly to avoid affecting the fetus.
How many weeks does Down screening work best
Down screening is a kind of deformity test, which many pregnant mothers will do during pregnancy. If pregnant mothers want to do it, it is best to do it at the right time, otherwise it will increase the risk of miscarriage. So how many weeks should Down’s screening be the best?
Usually, after the pregnant mother is 12 weeks pregnant, it is more appropriate to undergo Down's screening. Many pregnant mothers will go to the hospital for Down screening at 14-20 weeks of pregnancy. During screening, 2 ml of venous blood was extracted, and the advanced time-resolved fluorescence immunization method in the world today was used to determine the HCG and alpha-fetoprotein in the blood. Combined with the age, gestational week, weight and other conditions of the pregnant mother, the computer automatically calculated the risk rate of Down syndrome. Generally, the results will appear 10 days after blood draw.
If you do a checkup before 12 weeks of pregnancy, draw amniotic fluid and cause water breakage, the chance of fetal foot volvulus is very high. However, most pregnant mothers have low chances of dangerous situations. However, any pregnant mother who has been tested must closely observe her condition to avoid complications.
In addition, due to the limitations of science and technology and the personal differences between pregnant women, the prenatal blood test for HCG screening for Down syndrome inevitably has a very small number of false positive and false negative results.Studies have shown that increasing the detection of fetal translucent thickness and head and hip length of fetal neck, including free estriol , pregnancy-related plasma protein A, inhibin A and B-ultrasound, can improve the prenatal detection rate of Down syndrome.
What to do if the risk value of Down’s screening is high
After Down’s screening, if the risk value is greater than 1/275 and is positive, further amniotic fluid examination is needed. The main detection method is amniotic cavity puncture. Before formally extracting amniotic fluid, the doctor will first help the expectant mother perform an ultrasound examination to determine the size of the fetus, the number of pregnancy weeks, the position of the fetus and the number of fetus. The inspection steps are as follows:
1. First find the location where the needle is removed, do a good job of skin disinfection, and then apply sterile single on the pregnant mother's belly.
2. Use spinal puncture No. 20 or 22 under the guidance of ultrasound, and gradually penetrate into the amniotic cavity that was selected previously.
3. Make sure that the spinal puncture needle is in the amniotic cavity, start to extract amniotic fluid at negative pressure, and the first 2 ml of amniotic fluid must be discarded.
4. Extract about 20 ml of amniotic fluid, place the inner tube of the puncture needle back, and withdraw the entire puncture needle.
5. Apply a bandage in the pinhole of the belly, and the amniotic fluid puncture sampling is over. After resting for 10 minutes, the pregnant woman can leave.
What should be paid attention to when screening for Down’s screening
When performing Down’s screening, pregnant mothers have many things to pay attention to. To avoid making mistakes and affecting oneself, pregnant mothers should pay attention to the following key points:
1. Before and after pregnancy, when pregnant mothers are infected with viral infection, such as influenza, rubella, etc., they must undergo sugar screening;
2. When conceive, one of the pregnant mothers and husbands is abnormal, and they also need to undergo Down screening;
3. One spouse is older, especially if the wife is an elderly mother, and needs to undergo Down screening to eliminate risks;
4. Before and after pregnancy, pregnant mothers take it. Down screening is also required for malformations, such as tetracycline, to eliminate hidden dangers;
5. One spouse works in a radioactive environment for a long time, or the working environment is harsh and polluted, and Down screening is also required;
6. Pregnant mothers who have habitual miscarriage, premature birth or stillbirth should also undergo Down screening to avoid their own worries;
7. One spouse keeps pets for a long time, to also require Down screening, because the virus is prone to parasitism in the pets and affects the health of the owner.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-