Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council held a press conference at 3 pm on June 9. He Qinghua, a first-level inspector of the National Health Commission's Disease Control Bureau, introduced: After the outbreak of the cluster epidemic, scientifically formulate nucleic acid screening strategies according to the needs of epidemic prevention and control, and define the scope and frequency of nucleic acid testing to avoid blindly expanding the scope of screening for all employees.
will conduct nucleic acid testing in turn according to the risk level from high to low. The sealed area completed the first nucleic acid screening within 24 hours, and the control area completed the first nucleic acid screening for all employees within 48 hours. People in medium and high-risk areas, blocked areas and control areas do not go out, and people in low-risk areas and prevention areas where the epidemic occurs are required to travel, which requires a negative nucleic acid test certificate within 48 hours. can make adjustments according to the needs of epidemic prevention and control. In areas where there is no epidemic or risk of import, checking nucleic acid should not become a norm.
Low-risk areas, low-risk groups, and long-term home-based groups, there is no need to frequently conduct nucleic acid testing
He Qinghua introduced that at present, the domestic epidemic is generally maintained at a low level. In this case, the key is to improve the sensitivity of the monitoring system and ensure early detection and early treatment of the epidemic. Nucleic acid testing is the most scientific and effective means of early detection. There is no need to frequently undergo nucleic acid testing in low-risk areas, low-risk groups, and long-term home-living groups. The focus of nucleic acid testing is on high-risk populations and staff in high-risk positions, as well as areas with epidemics.
uses illegal compulsory measures to conduct nucleic acid testing, and will be rectified and corrected
He Qinghua introduced that nucleic acid testing is the most scientific and effective important means to detect the epidemic in the early stage. All localities should organize and carry out nucleic acid testing work in accordance with the local epidemic situation and prevention and control needs, clarify the population, regional scope and frequency of nucleic acid testing, and do a good job of publicity and guidance. At the same time, we also call on the general public to abide by the relevant regulations and requirements of epidemic prevention and control in accordance with the law, actively cooperate with the nucleic acid testing, fulfill personal prevention and control obligations, and jointly promote the formation of a good social atmosphere of mass prevention and control. For regions, units and individuals who take illegal and compulsory measures, the State Council’s joint prevention and control mechanism will require relevant localities to make timely rectification and correction.
Build a 15-minute nucleic acid "sampling circle" and cannot be "one-size-fits-all"
National Health Commission Medical Administration and Medical Administration Bureau Inspector General Guo Yanhong introduced that among the various measures for epidemic prevention and control, nucleic acid testing is an effective means to quickly discover the source of infection, lock in control targets, and then take measures such as isolation to cut off the transmission path. It is a key measure to achieve the "four early", namely early detection, early reporting, early isolation, and early treatment, and play an important role in the successful handling of clustered epidemics.
, especially Omickron mutant strain, spreads faster and is more contagious. Some infected people have no obvious symptoms, resulting in hidden transmission. Therefore, the role of nucleic acid testing is more prominent. We must unswervingly implement the "enlarge prevention centered on nucleic acid testing" strategy in order to control the epidemic earlier and faster. In the process of normalized epidemic prevention and control, due to the high risk of epidemic imports in port cities, provincial capital cities and cities with tens of millions of people, a 15-minute walk nucleic acid "sampling circle" is established in these cities, which is conducive to providing more convenient and fast nucleic acid testing services for people who "will be tested" and "will be tested" to improve the sensitivity of epidemic monitoring and early warning, and is conducive to detecting potential risks earlier and implementing prevention and control measures faster, and avoiding large-scale and outbreak clustered epidemics.
It is worth noting that the 15-minute nucleic acid "sampling circle" does not require all cities to be established, but mainly focuses on large cities with higher input risks. Whether to build a 15-minute nucleic acid "sampling circle" is mainly based on the local epidemic development and prevention and control needs, and is determined according to the times and situations, and cannot be "one-size-fits-all". my country is the most populous developing country in the world. It has a large population, unbalanced regional development, and the total amount of high-quality medical resources is relatively insufficient. Once the local epidemic spreads, it will inevitably cause a large number of people to be infected. The elderly and vulnerable people with underlying diseases are prone to develop into severe diseases. Therefore, epidemic prevention and control work should be based on "prevention", and nucleic acid testing is an important means to achieve effective prevention. "Prevention" is the most economical and effective strategy, and it is very necessary to carry out efficient, convenient and high-quality nucleic acid testing.
Third-party testing institutions provide testing services in accordance with approved diagnosis and treatment subjects
0 Guo Yanhong introduced that at present, there are three main types of medical and health institutions in my country that provide new coronavirus nucleic acid testing services: One is medical institutions, such as hospitals, maternal and child health hospitals, etc.; the first is disease control institutions, including national, provincial, municipal and county-level disease control centers ; the other is medical testing laboratories, which are also one of the categories of medical institutions, usually called third-party testing institutions.
In terms of registration and approval of third-party testing institutions, like other medical institutions, they should be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the " Medical Institution Management Regulations ", " Medical Institution Management Regulations Implementation Rules ", and "Basic Standards of Medical Inspection Laboratory (Trial)". They are generally set up and approved by the municipal and above health administrative departments at the prefecture-level city level and above. Follow the work flow and time limit requirements for the approval of medical institutions, and after reviewing that their department settings, personnel, houses and facilities, zoning layout, equipment, rules and regulations meet the conditions, they can obtain a medical institution practice license. Third-party testing institutions provide testing services in accordance with approved diagnosis and treatment subjects. If nucleic acid testing is to be carried out, they must comply with the relevant regulations of the clinical gene amplification testing laboratory, meet the biosafety level 2 and above conditions and the PCR laboratory conditions, and register and file with the corresponding health administrative department. The tester can only engage in nucleic acid testing after passing the technical training.
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention : Before the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, nucleic acid testing technology has been developed and improved for decades
Xu Wenbo, director of the Institute of Virus Disease Prevention and Control of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, introduced that nucleic acid testing technology includes many types, such as conventional PCR, real-time fluorescence PCR, isothermal amplification technology, hybridization technology, etc.
Among them, the most widely used real-time fluorescence PCR technology is the technology mentioned in the field of pathogen detection. The daily references to "doing nucleic acid", "nucleic acid testing", and "regional screening" generally refer to this method. For newly discovered or emerging specific pathogen , such as viruses, bacteria or fungi, it is necessary to obtain the genomic sequence of the pathogen in the early stage of the epidemic, so that it is possible to develop fluorescent PCR detection reagents with high sensitivity and strong specificity for the pathogen in a short period of time, providing effective technical means for medical and health institutions to carry out nucleic acid screening for related pathogens.
Before the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, nucleic acid testing technology has been developed and improved for decades and has been widely used in medical and health institutions in my country for the detection and screening of infectious pathogens such as influenza , measles , rubella , hand, foot and mouth disease, viral diarrhea, hepatitis B, AIDS and other infectious disease pathogens. At present, 40 statutory infectious diseases including the new coronavirus can use real-time fluorescence PCR to identify pathogens; in addition, nucleic acid detection technology is also widely used in non-infectious diseases such as reproductive medicine, oncology medicine, agriculture and animal husbandry, ecology , criminal investigation and other non-infectious diseases. What are the reasons why
nucleic acid tests have certain false negatives and false positives ? Can it be avoided?
Li Jinming, deputy director of the Clinical Testing Center of the National Health Commission, introduced that there are many factors involved in the occurrence of false negatives, and the possible reasons mainly include the following three aspects:
, the sampling time issue. Patients with were infected in early stages, and the concentration of the virus in the upper respiratory tract has not reached the minimum amount of nucleic acid detected; or the patient has been infected for too long, and has been infected for more than 10 days, or is an asymptomatic infection of and a mildly infected person, and has entered the recovery period, and has produced antibodies on its own, and the possibility of nucleic acid testing being positive is greatly reduced.
The second is a quality control problem. failed to collect qualified samples; the samples were not stored properly before being collected and transported to the laboratory; the reagent instruments were not matched during laboratory testing, and the operation was incorrect, and the indoor quality control was not in place.
Third, it is a matter of intentional violations such as data fraud. third-party testing agencies exaggerate their testing capabilities and exceed their capabilities to collect samples, resulting in their inability to complete tasks within the specified time limit, and then use data to falsely report the results, or mix the test samples in the laboratory to reduce the number of tests, resulting in distortion of the results.
Regarding false positives, it is mainly caused by improper technical operation of the experimental process and pollution caused by: First, the remaining pollution of the amplification products. During large-scale screening, the sample size is large, people are stopped and the machine is not stopped. The cleaning between each round of amplification tests is not in place. At the same time, it is impossible to ensure that each amplification tube is completely sealed, resulting in false positives. Second, cross-contamination occurs between the samples during the detection process, such as positive samples or positive quality controls contaminate the originally negative samples. In addition, some laboratories did not report the results in accordance with the laboratory technical operating procedures, and reported the suspected positive test in the "gray area" according to the initial positive test results, but after review, it was negative, resulting in false positives.
It should be noted that some of the above problems in are difficult to avoid during laboratory operations, and their occurrence has a certain objectivity; some are not strict enough quality control and need to be continuously improved; some are subjective intentional and suspected of illegal crimes, and should be severely cracked down.
Why did Beijing adjust the nucleic acid certification time in public places to within 72 hours? Beijing Municipal Health Commission responded to
Deputy Director of Beijing Municipal Health Commission Li Ang introduced that Beijing's current round of epidemic has been effectively controlled recently, and the social situation has been cleared, and the epidemic prevention and control situation continues to improve.
In order to resolutely implement the general strategy of "preventing imports from outside and preventing rebound from inside" and the general policy of "dynamic clearance" and quickly and effectively restore normal production and living order and economic development under the premise of doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control, Beijing has recently implemented normalized epidemic prevention and control measures in zoning and grading. In order to maintain policy coherence and detect epidemic risks as soon as possible, Beijing has adjusted the negative nucleic acid certificate for entering public places from 48 hours to 72 hours, mainly for two considerations: on the one hand, considers that the average incubation period of the Omickron mutant strain of the new coronavirus is about 3 days, and testing within 72 hours can effectively detect potential infected people; on the other hand, is also to reduce the frequency of nucleic acid testing for residents, minimize the burden on citizens by epidemic prevention and control measures, and minimize the impact on normal production and living order.
Beijing Municipal Health Commission: Safety first, strengthen supervision of nucleic acid testing institutions
Li Ang introduced that Beijing has always put the quality and safety of nucleic acid testing first, Beijing Municipal Health Commission has strengthened the supervision of nucleic acid testing institutions and has done several parts of the work:
first, keep an eye on the entry, and the health departments at both municipal and district levels strictly manage the access management of nucleic acid testing institutions in accordance with relevant standards. For testing institutions that pass the preliminary review of local health departments, the municipal level organizes on-site acceptance of biosafety and inspection quality control experts. Only when the acceptance is passed can nucleic acid testing be allowed.
Second, establish a normalized quality control management mechanism. The Municipal Medical Inspection Quality Control and Improvement Center and the Municipal Clinical Inspection Center organize room quality evaluation work for all nucleic acid testing institutions in the city every month, and issue blind samples for assessment. If the assessment fails, the testing work must be stopped and re-inspection can only be carried out after the rectification is passed.
3. According to relevant national work requirements, the Beijing Municipal Health Commission has also established a monthly review system for third-party nucleic acid inspection agencies, and each district organizes experts to review all third-party laboratories in the jurisdiction every month in terms of law practice, nucleic acid testing quality, etc., and publicize the list of qualified institutions.
At the same time, we will strengthen the quality management of institutions by organizing flight inspections, quality spot checks, etc., comprehensively use a variety of supervision methods, strictly control the quality of nucleic acid testing, and ensure the health and safety of the people. The Comprehensive Group of the State Council’s Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism also organized experts to prepare a detailed list of laboratory inspection operations for daily supervision and inspection.
The national epidemic situation remains stable overall
Mi Feng, spokesperson of the National Health Commission and deputy director of the Publicity Department, introduced that in recent days, the national epidemic situation has remained stable overall, but some border port cities have experienced local clustered epidemics, and the epidemic prevention and control situation remains severe and complex.
should focus our strength and resources on "prevention" measures, work hard on early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment, continue to insist on preventing people, objects and the environment at the same time, and implement closed-loop management of incoming personnel and high-risk personnel who directly contact incoming personnel, items and related environments.
We must strengthen the work of wearing masks, measuring body temperature, checking health code in public places, implement daily protective measures such as individuals and families, adhere to good hygiene habits, complete the entire process of new coronavirus vaccine and strengthen immunization as soon as possible, and build a solid line of defense against groups.
Source: Comprehensive CCTV News Client and other
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