"1 CPI rose moderately, PPI month-on-month increase declined " is the sentence often seen in the news broadcast? Most of us may be in the heart of Yongzheng 's sentence " I know ". But knowing that this is related to Grandpa Mao in everyone's pocket, will you still be so calm? .
It is too long and too professional to read the version. You can skip it directly:
PPI: Production price index (Producer Price Index) is an index that measures the ex-factory price change trend and degree of change of industrial enterprises' products. It is an important economic indicator that reflects the price changes in the production field in a certain period. It is also an important basis for formulating relevant economic policies and national economic accounting . Producer Price Index is different from CPI, and its main purpose is to measure the total cost of a basket of items and services purchased by a company.
CPI: Consumer Price Index (Consumer Price Index), also known as the consumer price index, is a measure of the price of a fixed consumer goods basket. It mainly reflects the changes in the prices of consumers' payment of goods and services. It is also a tool to measure inflation , and uses percentage changes as the expression form.
Yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy The year-on-year development speed is mainly to eliminate the impact of seasonal changes, and to illustrate the relative development speed achieved by comparing the development level of this period with the development level of the same period.
month-on-month: usually refers to the change ratio of the quantity in two consecutive unit cycles (such as two consecutive months). There are two types of month-on-month: month-on-month growth rate and month-on-month development rate.
GDP: Gross Domestic Product (Gross Domestic Product) is the final result of production activities of all permanent units in a country (or region) within a certain period of time. GDP is the core indicator of national economic accounting and an important indicator for measuring the economic status and development level of a country or region.
Please listen to the vernacular version :
First of all, give an example
Liu Neng: Zhao Si , why did your bun increase the price?
Zhao Si: Because the price of pork has increased...
Liu Neng: But you are a bun with vegetarian stuffing!
Zhao Si: Because I love to eat pork...
Then the next day, the loudspeaker at the entrance of
Notified all villagers: In our village, the PPI and CPI have both increased year-on-year, that is, the price of buns has increased. Please pay attention to those who buy buns in Zhao Si in the future.
So, what is the news broadcast talking about? If there is only one Zhao Si selling buns in Zhaojia Village, then it is actually about one bun.
PPI: is used to measure the change in the price of the buns out of the cage . A percentage number.
So what does a bun cost include? Zhao Si went to the village to buy flour, green onions, cabbage and other raw materials, and of course, the most important thing is the labor force Zhao Si paid for making buns. If Zhao Si doesn’t eat meat, Zhao Si won’t work!
CPI: % used to measure the price change of Liu Neng's buns .
focus, PPI and CPI are a percentage number that reflects the price changes of , and is not the price.
Given another example
is now in Zhaojia Village July 2020. Zhao Si’s buns are priced at 6 yuan. In June this year, the price of buns was 5 yuan. The price of buns in July last year was 4 yuan
year-on-year: How much did the price of buns change in July this year compared with July last year?(6-4)÷4=50%. So the price of buns rose by 50% year-on-year in July 2020 (Zhao Si is so dark!)
month-on-month: buns have changed a lot in July this year compared with June this year. (6-5)÷5=20%, so the price of buns rose by 20% month-on-month in July 2020 (Zhao Si is still very dark!)
But here I have a question. There is more than one Zhao Si in the village selling buns. There are also Carpenter Liu who makes chairs and Aunt Wang who sells mohua. Liu Neng all goes to buy things from them. Why can Zhao Si decide the PPI in the village alone?
So in order to calm everyone's anger and to be fair, the village chief needs to select these craftsmen . Generally, they need things to determine the village's PPI. The village chief decided to choose the price of pork that Zhao Si likes to eat, the price of the axe that Carpenter Liu needed to make a chair, and the price of peanut oil used by Aunt Wang to fry mozzarella to to form PPI. The price of each item accounts for one-third of the PPI (the proportion is called weight ). Why do you need to choose
like this? Because these three things are universal, Zhao Si usually uses an axe to steam buns and chop firewood, and also pour peanut oil into the filling, so the village chief chose the price of these three things to form PPI.
Similarly, the village chief also selected the price of Zhao Si's buns that Liu Neng bought on weekdays, the price of Liu Carpenter's chair and the price of Aunt Wang's mohua to form the CPI. The price of each item each accounted for one-third of the PPI (the proportion is called weight ).
. In the previous explanations of PPI and CPI, they are a percentage number, so who should I compare with? Therefore, the village chief needs to choose a comparison year. So the village chief beat him up and decided that 2015 was the year of comparison (professional called basic year ). That's all.
The village chief looked at this group of people and I sold this one, one sold that one, one was big! With a wave of his hand, Accountant Wang Ergou, come and calculate the 2020 PPI and CPI in our Zhaojia Village.
Wang Ergou scratched his head and then gave the village chief a piece of paper. The village chief's CPI and PPI in our village are calculated like this. From now on, the prices of these three things will be compared with those in 2015.
But when more and more things are selling in the village, how do you calculate the PPI of Zhaojia Village? It's still the same. For example, Sister Zhang, who sells tofu, comes to the village again. Sister Zhang needs to use beans for making tofu on weekdays, so the village chief can redistribute the proportion of . When calculating PPI,
. Pork prices account for one quarter, axe prices account for one sixth, peanut oil prices account for five-twelve, and bean prices account for one sixth.
is the same when calculating CPI.
The price of buns accounts for one-twelve, the price of chairs accounts for one-quarter, the price of twists accounts for one-sixth, and the price of tofu accounts for five-twelve.
But one day, another pie seller came to the village and took two bottles of wine to find the village chief and asked to join the calculation of PPI and CPI. The village chief said that if everyone who comes to sells things later has to join, wouldn’t my nephew’s accountant Wang Ergou be exhausted? There are already buns sold in the village. The things you two sell are similar, with a leather bag filling. This is not possible, so let the seller of the buns represent you. Therefore, this person who sells pies and pies did not add the calculation of PPI and CPI, because the calculation of PPI and CPI is to select some representative items to calculate . He was represented.
The village chief is still very smart. The things he selected to calculate PPI and CPI are placed in the basket hanging on the beam of his house. Therefore, the range of selected products is also called a basket.
At this point, is there something missing? Yes, that is GDP.
As for GDP, the village chief called accountant Wang Ergou again.
Wang Ergou: Do you ask me what GDP is? GDP is how many buns they steamed, how many chairs they made, how many twists they fryed, and how much tofu they grind under the leadership of the village chief.It's GDP, that's GDP.
GDP: A number of the prices of all the things produced by these craftsmen in Zhaojia Village in a certain period of time.
The GDP of the previous year is a number that adds up the prices of all things produced in Zhaojia Village in the previous year, and the GDP of the previous quarter is a number that adds up the prices of all things produced in Zhaojia Village in the previous month.
Zhaojia Village is a village that is thriving under the leadership of the village chief. Governing a big country is like cooking a small fish. Then the Bureau of Statistics is Wang Ergou. However, there are many producers (Zhao Si) and consumers (Liu Neng) in a country. Then there are more things to choose from for PPI and CPI calculations.
is OK. I believe everyone understands what GDP, PPI, CPI, year-on-year, and month-on-month.
So based on this, I will give you a vernacular about "The Art of Language, PPI and CPI in the News Broadcast", how to reasonably use the words PPI, CPI, year-on-year, and month-on-month in a beautiful press release.
I am a creator who is good at telling stories and explaining professional concepts in plain language and examples. Welcome to follow, discuss and ask questions.
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