The teaching of sprinting technology should start with running on the straight road, and then teach the start and acceleration running after the start, finishing run, curve running, curve starting, etc. The final teaching link is to improve and improve the whole run.
The focus of sprint teaching is: learning to run on the way and learning to start.
Note: In the teaching of sprinting, it is necessary to emphasize and cultivate students' natural relaxation and flexible strides.
This article focuses on making suggestions from the content and steps of teaching in each link, as well as analyzing common errors and proposing corrective methods.
(I) Explain the relevant sprinting technology and knowledge
Explain the basic knowledge of sprinting technology is the basis for learning sprinting technology. You can start with the following content:
① Introduction to the main technical characteristics of sprinting technology.
② Technical teacher, conduct a 50-60m sprint demonstration.
③ Play sprint videos, pictures, etc. of outstanding athletes to form a prototype of imitation for students.
④ Explain the technical characteristics, rules, punishments and development of sprinting projects.
Teaching Tips:
① The first teaching class will be conducted to introduce the technical characteristics of the sprint project and a complete technical demonstration of doing a sprint.
② Explain the technical characteristics of sprinting projects, the judgment, rules, etc. should run through the entire sprinting teaching process, and should be adjusted and arranged according to the teaching progress and conditions.
(II) Learn the running technique on the straight road
When students have a certain theoretical foundation, they can officially enter the teaching of technology. The main contents of running on the sprint are:
① Learn the arm swing technique:
Teaching method: Practice of arm swinging in the spot lunge. With the shoulder joint as the axis, swing naturally forward and backward. When swing forward, the elbow joint angle gradually decreases, and when swing backward, the elbow joint angle gradually increases, so as to naturally straighten your arms or clench your fist, and swing quickly and forcefully.
② Learn to run elastically with the forefoot:
Teaching method: Use the forefoot to touch the ground, and the heels off the ground, walk from elastic to jogging, and then gradually increase the speed, increase the amplitude, and require the thigh to actively fold and swing the front.
③ Learn to run at medium speed:
Teaching method: Use medium speed to do repeated running exercises at 60-100 meters. The speed of running should be medium, and the movements of running should be easy and coordinated. At the same time, it is necessary to emphasize large movements and calves folding, and emphasize that the ankles are close to the buttocks, and do not lift the legs back.
④ Learn to run repeatedly with big strides, practice distances of 60-100 meters, and experience the technique of sending hips forward to drive the swing leg forward swing. The movements must be coordinated, and the legs and swing arms must be coordinated.
⑤ Learn from jogging to fast running, accelerate evenly for 60-80 meters, experience complete running techniques on the way, require gradually speeding up, large and elastic strides, emphasizing the combination of pedaling and swinging, and coordination of upper and lower limbs.
⑥ Learn to accelerate running with changing rhythm, practice distance of 80-100. For example, it is required to accelerate to 30 meters, then run 30 meters at the maximum speed, and finally run the last 20 meters naturally. The purpose is to practice the connection when changing the pace by changing the pace.
Teaching tips:
① In the early stage of running on the road, it is best not to join too many teaching competitions, but early intervention in time running
② After mastering the running technique, you should gradually require fast running and extend the distance of running
③ In the teaching and teaching of running on the road and sprinting, you should always emphasize large strides and fast frequency.
(III) Learn to start squat and accelerate after starting
A good start is half of a good result, and the start of a sprint is particularly important in the competition. In this part, we mainly learn:
① Learn the command to start: learn "Everyone is in place" and "" prepare to "run". To understand the key points of cheongsam movements, students are advised to practice in groups.
② Learn the acceleration of squatting starting and starting:
③ Learn the installation and use of starting machines: Students are required to complete the installation of starting machines according to the ordinary ones first.
(IV) Learning the finish line running technology
The finish line running technique is particularly important for athletes with similar levels to get rankings. The ranking is based on the order in which athletes arrive at the key line, with the torso below the head and above the waist as the effective area. Here are the following exercise contents:
① Do the upper body forward movement during jogging, and do the exercises of bumping the line with your chest or shoulders.
② Run at medium speed, do chest or shoulder bump line practice and do not stop immediately after completing the bump line practice and require you to run forward for a distance. (The mark line can be set)
③ Practice the line collision technique in a group
④ Run quickly 40~50 meters, be careful that this group does not perform line collision action, and run directly across the finish line. It is required to run 20 meters away from the finish line to try your best to increase the degree of forward leaning, and speed up the swing of your arms and run quickly across the finish line.
⑤ Run quickly for 40~50 meters, and do the chest or shoulder-to-line collision action when about one meter away from the finish line (the mark line can be set), and quickly run across the finish line
Teaching tips:
① When completing the finish line collision action, it is important to emphasize that jumping and hitting the line is prohibited.
② After completing the finish line, you need to gradually slow down to avoid injury accidents.
③ When students practice the finish line collision technique in groups, be careful to organize the same group with similar running speeds to improve the teaching effect.
(V) Learn curve running techniques
has half of the 200 and 400 meters of curves, and the starting line is carried out on curves, which shows that the proportion of curve running in sprints is so large. The learning content of curve running is mainly the following parts:
① Run along a circle with a radius of 10-15 meters (you can choose the middle circle of the football field or the inner lane of the track and field curve) in turn according to the requirements of jogging, medium speed running, and fast running, and experience the change of body inclination as the speed increases.
② Learn the technique of running on the curve. First run 15 to 20 meters on the straight, then run 30 to 40 meters into the corner, and require about 3 to 5 meters before entering the corner (mark lines can be set in advance), and consciously increase the swing force and amplitude of the right leg and right arm.
③ Run 30~40 meters on the curve, and then run into the straight. 2 to 3 steps before running out of the curve, consciously adjust the body and experience the natural running out of the curve according to inertia.
④ Run 60-80 meters on the curve, and then run into the straight.
⑤ Learn the technique of running the whole curve. Let students run a full curve of 120 to 150 meters and experience the street connection technology of running up, down and down. (The starting point is 15-20m in front of the curve, and the end point is 15-20m in the curve).
Teaching Tips:
① When doing circle running exercises, you must gradually speed up your running speed from jogging. This will easily allow students to experience the relationship between the speed of running and the degree of introversion of their body.
② When running on a curve, it should be emphasized that the body remains upright and tilts inward inward, not just the upper body tilts inward.
③ When observing students' curve running techniques, the teacher's position should stand at the center of the curve or directly facing the direction of the student running in according to the teaching content.
(VI) Improve and improve the full-course running technology
When finished, start, accelerate, run at the end of the way, and run on the curve, you can conduct the full-course running teaching of sprinting. Here you can:
① Do a 60-meter full-course running, and let students repeatedly complete all parts of the technology of the straight line running. It is required to travel all the technology to the whole process and pay for the streets.
② Do a full-course run of 100m and 200m. You can record videos if possible, and use this to improve the full-course running technology of 100m and 200m.
③ If you are a selected athlete, you can conduct technical assessment and standard tests.
Teaching Tips:
In improving and improving the full-process running technology teaching, as well as conducting technical assessment and standard tests, students must be required to fully prepare activities to prevent sports injuries. In improving and improving the full-process running technology teaching, students are required to experience the relationship between technical specifications and running speed based on the student's level and athlete selection standards.
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