In recent years, most of the patients who come to the hospital for outpatient treatment are patients who have colds, and there are many patients with lung infections in the wards than before, including many elderly people over 60 years old.

In recent years, most of the patients who come to the hospital for outpatient treatment are patients who have colds, and there are many patients with lung infections in the wards than before, including many elderly people over 60 years old. These elderly people may not have other diseases and can handle housework, but they encountered a "cold" and developed symptoms such as coughing, soreness all over the body, and repeated fever. The first time they had a lung CT scan, the result was basically normal. After another examination a week, they had a lobular lung infection, and the blood gas indicated obvious hypoxia, and the condition progressed rapidly. They needed to "take a heavy blow" to treat them, and even directly used a ventilator to help breathe. These shocking clinical phenomena make me feel the terrible aspects of seasonal and infectious diseases. Effective resources should be given to people with good attacks in these diseases, with prevention first, thereby avoiding more severe infections.

On October 8, 2018, a welfare center located in Longshan Street, Changxing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, Party member volunteers from Changxing County Center for Disease Control and Prevention are receiving flu vaccines for free for the elderly.

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In addition to performing appropriate exercise and ensuring nutritional support in daily life, the elderly should also pay attention to self-prevention. For example, in the season when the flu is high, the fatigue should be reduced, the number of times you go to public places, and the chance of contact with potential sources of infection should be reduced. In addition, influenza vaccination is an primary prevention method.

influenza virus is divided into three serotypes: A, B and C. Influenza A can cause a pandemic due to severe mutations in its antigen structure, which is estimated to occur every 10 to 15 years; influenza B is relatively small and limited in size; influenza C is sporadically prevalent and has a mild condition. These three types of influenza can cause laryngitis , bronchitis , bronchitis, bronchitis and pneumonia. The human body is generally susceptible, and the main clinical manifestations are fever, headache, and general weakness. They are often accompanied by respiratory symptoms such as runny nose, dry cough, sore throat, etc. At the same time, myocarditis and pericarditis .

The vaccine used to prevent influenza caused by the influenza virus in is called the influenza vaccine, and is an at-paid vaccination. The current influenza vaccine is the inactivated influenza virus vaccine , which consists of three viruses. Immunity can usually be gained 2 to 3 weeks after receiving the influenza vaccine, and a protective immune response can be initiated when the body is exposed to the influenza virus targeted by the vaccine. Influenza vaccines are one of the main measures to prevent and control influenza, which can reduce the chances of influenza infection among vaccinators or reduce flu symptoms.

There are currently two commonly used influenza vaccines. One is the whole virus influenza vaccine, which has good vaccination protection effect and is low in price, but the incidence of clinical side reactions is relatively high, and children under the age of 12 should not be vaccinated; the other is the influenza cleavage vaccine, which not only has good vaccination effect, but also has few clinical side reactions, and is suitable for all people over 6 months. For healthy adults, the protection capacity of influenza vaccine is 90%; for elderly people over 65 years old, the protection capacity is about 30% to 40%. The best time to get vaccinated every year is September to November, but it is available for vaccination throughout the flu season.

Winter is the high-incidence season for the elderly to be hospitalized, and it is a "year-end". Every year, many elderly people are hospitalized and even die due to heart disease, hemiplegia, stroke, etc., but the culprit is actually "influenza". It is recommended that the elderly receive influenza vaccination in time when facing such "difficulties" and "year-end" in winter. Recently, a 10-year study in the United States showed that through an epidemiological survey of more than 700,000 elderly people over 65 years of age, it was proved that influenza vaccination can reduce hospitalization rates due to influenza or flu disease (pneumonia) by 27%, and reduce the risk of death by 48%.

Disease itself is not terrible. If the elderly are paid attention to, know some knowledge and skills for disease prevention, and reduce the chance of infection, the harm will be less and slower. For influenza vaccination, you can consult the outpatient service centers and community health service centers of relevant hospitals.

Diseases should be prevented before they occur. In addition to the elderly, it is recommended that children and people with low immunity be vaccinated against influenza in a timely manner.

Author: Lu Hong, attending physician of the General Medicine Department of Shanghai Tongren Hospital. This expert is good at the diagnosis and treatment of general undifferentiated diseases and the comprehensive management of chronic diseases

This article was scientifically checked by Xu Zhongqing, deputy director of the Department of General Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and chief physician of the General Medicine Department of Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.

"Dayi Xiaohu" provided by

(Editor: Zhang Meng, Yao Xinyu)