According to the Chinese Wikipedia data, the language usage status of Chinese people in 2020 can be divided into two categories: One is the dialect classification that does not include Chinese, and the other is the Chinese.
does not include Chinese dialect classification dialect. In 2020, the number of users of Minnan (i.e., the local Fujian dialect spoken) was about 3.09 million; Hakka dialect 1.8 million; Cantonese dialect 1.65 million; Chaozhou dialect 470,000; Fuzhou dialect 210,000; Hainan dialect 92,000; Guangxi dialect 37,000 and North China dialect 31,000. The North China dialect here mainly refers to the Sabah Chinese from in North China.
In the entire Southeast Asia, only Sabah has collective immigrants from North China, and their settlement area is also called Shandong Village.
, including Chinese, 59.1% (about 4.51 million people), 5.3% (about 400,000 people); the proportion of users of other dialect groups has dropped to 15% of Cantonese dialect, 12.9% of Minnan dialect; Hakka dialect 6.2%; Chaozhou dialect 1.3%; Fuzhou dialect 0.2%; Hainan dialect 0.08% and others 0.02%. ( data accuracy is for reference only)
Accommodating local customs
In addition, due to urbanization, most of the dialect groups are mixed. Generally speaking, in the southern horses and northern horses, which are the majority of southern Fujian people, other dialect groups will be translated into southern Fujian according to local customs; in the central horses, such as the Selangorian and Ipoh areas, other dialect groups will be translated into Cantonese. Therefore, the use of origin and dialect is not necessarily symmetrical.
Generally, even if the dialect of your hometown can be retained, it is more likely to be "native" that is, to follow your mother to learn your mother's mother's mother's dialect (dialect) rather than your father's dialect. Especially in small families. Of course, there will also be scholars of both native languages and Chinese, and the difference is mainly in the degree (how much does it know). The reason why language is a skill that makes perfect in practice is useful and has the effect of advancing and regressing. If you don’t use it frequently, you will become unfamiliar. It is unlikely that you can master everything (only a few are all-rounders), and it is more likely that you are a specialty and multi-ethnic.
Another noteworthy trend is that the proportion of "Chinese-speaking people" who speak Chinese in the past 20 years has been increasing. For example, in 2000, only 25.4% (1.44 million people) were Chinese-speaking people, 46.6% (about 3.09 million people) in 2010, and rose to 59.1% (about 4.51 million people) by 2020. Of course, The so-called "Chinese people" do not only say that they only understand or speak Chinese, but also say that they use different languages on different occasions. For example, in Chinese at school, and in Chinese or dialects between friends and relatives. This is an interesting phenomenon among the Chinese people in Malaysia .
Since British schools were Malayed in the 1970s, most Chinese have chosen to send their children to Chinese schools, and they have to study at least 6 years of Chinese primary schools. These 6 years have been enough to lay a basic enough foundation. At the same time, since the 1970s, Chinese education people have also promoted the movement to speak more Chinese and less dialects. In addition, China's rise and the practicality of Chinese are increasing, speaking more Chinese has become a trend.
It can be said that the increasing number of Chinese people are already Chinese-speaking people, and even if they are not Chinese students, they know more or less how to speak Chinese. This is a big trend. After all, the information from the middle platform, especially China, is huge, and many intellectual or popular cultures (such as TV series and pop songs) are also produced by the middle platform. The frequency of Malaysian Chinese people's exposure to Chinese language will only become increasingly frequent, which is the general trend.
An intriguing phenomenon is that although Malay is a Mandarin and an official term, Malay is rarely used between the Chinese and Indian people in Malaysia; Malay is only used in contact with the Malay or the Chinese and Indian people. In Indonesia or Thailand, Chinese or Chinese also often talk in Indonesia or Thai. Why does Malaysian Chinese and Indians (mainly Tamils) not communicate in Malay is indeed a topic worth studying.
There are main and auxiliary
As for English, many families with higher education also tend to communicate in English, and even regard English as their first language (native language). This is of course related to the value of English (utilitarian).
As for the Chinese people, the trend in the past 20 years is that even if you use English in your family, you usually do not ignore Chinese or Chinese as the supplement.
Similarly, in the Chinese community, which uses multilingual mixed languages, there is a main and auxiliary in the multilingual mixed languages. Generally speaking, the younger generation is more likely to communicate with their children in Chinese, and Chinese can be said to have become a popular language and a common language of the Chinese community. It is indeed a language advantage that Chinese and Chinese or Taiwanese can be said to have no communication barriers. The contribution of Chinese language to become a common language in the Chinese community’s cross-dial dialect group is an indelible contribution to the contribution of Chinese education.
It can be said that the phenomenon of multilingual mixed use is unique like the Chinese community. In China, the north speaks more common language, and in other regions, Mandarin and local dialect groups are parallel, and not as multilingual and multi-dial groups as Malaysia.
Singapore is also a multi-dial group, but dialects are becoming increasingly declining in Singapore; in Hong Kong, Cantonese and English are more popular, while in Malaysia, there are many languages. Although Chinese is becoming more and more common, different regions still see different dialects "strengthening" ambitions.
Although the degree of mastery of Chinese and different dialects is different, it can be said that the increasing number of Chinese people have become hyphenated "Chinese people".
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