The News Center of the First Session of the 13th National People's Congress held a press conference at 10:45 am on Saturday, March 10 (Saturday), inviting Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang, Director of the Policy, Regulations and Supervision Department He Defang, and Director of the Innovation and Development Department Xu Yi, answered questions from Chinese and foreign reporters on issues related to "accelerating the construction of an innovative country".
Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang answered reporters' questions. Xinhuanet/China Government Network Zhai Zihe Photo
0,000 Steel: my country's scientific and technological innovation has gradually shifted from following to leading side by side
0,000 Steel In its opening remarks, it said that the strategic position of scientific and technological innovation in the overall situation of the Party and the country has been significantly improved, and major changes in historic, holistic and pattern have been achieved. The overall innovation ability and innovation efficiency have been significantly improved. The country's scientific and technological innovation has gradually shifted from following in the past to running side by side and leading in more fields. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased from 52.2% to 57.5%. Major innovative achievements have been continuously emerging. New business forms and new models such as the digital economy and sharing economy are leading the world trend, and mass entrepreneurship and innovation are booming.
0,000 steel: Aerospace, deep sea, supercomputing, nuclear power and other fields have gradually moved to the forefront of the world
Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang pointed out in response to reporters' questions that in the five years since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our scientific and technological innovation level has been significantly improved, and we have gradually entered a new historical stage of "three runs coexist", running side by side and leading the increasingly. The fields of aerospace, deep sea, supercomputing, and nuclear power are gradually heading to the forefront of the world. The results of research on quantum entanglement, Weilfermions, embryonic stem cells and other technologies have gradually had a global impact.
0,000 steel said that technological innovation has greatly improved and improved people's livelihood. At present, we have more than 4,200 co-creation spaces, more than 3,000 technology enterprise incubators, more than 400 enterprise accelerators and more than 150 national high-tech zones, forming an ecological network and ecological environment for innovative services, serving nearly 400,000 technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, and more than 2 million new jobs were created last year.
0,000 steel: Accelerate the application of artificial intelligence to our social life. When answering reporters’ questions about “artificial intelligence”, it pointed out that in recent years, artificial intelligence has been increasingly applied to the development of the economy and society through long-term accumulation and development in informatization, digitalization, software and hardware. However, it is necessary to strengthen the foundation to grasp artificial intelligence. Wan Gang said that the next step will be to accelerate the implementation of integrated R&D of key technology systems based on the new generation of artificial intelligence science, so that those R&D results can enter the open platform as soon as possible. Accelerate the application of artificial intelligence into our social life and solve the safety, health, environmental protection and other issues that people care about.
0,000 steel emphasized that artificial intelligence is an international trend. We must strengthen international cooperation, actively support the cooperation between my country's artificial intelligence enterprises, research institutions and internationally, and play its role in some important and key areas.
0,000 Steel: "Double Innovation" upgrade from the perspective of technological innovation, four things need to be done well
When responding to the specific measures to create an upgraded version of "Double Innovation", Wan Gang said that "Double Innovation" is an excellent platform for young people to realize their dreams, and it is another big stage and platform for promoting economic transformation and development. From the perspective of scientific and technological innovation, the following things need to be done: First, the integrated development of innovation and entrepreneurship will serve the real economy more effectively; second, promote the effective combination of science and technology and finance; third, strengthen open cooperation and actively integrate into the overall situation of international entrepreneurship and innovation. Finally, we must build a good innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem to improve our ability to serve innovation carriers.
0,000 steel: Electric vehicles from all over the country are welcome to the Chinese market
0,000 steel When answering the reporter's question on "how to help consumers accept the concept of electric vehicles", it pointed out that there are three most important considerations for developing electric vehicles. First, optimize the energy consumption structure and reduce oil dependence; second, to reduce air pollution, especially air pollution in cities; third, electric vehicles as carriers, for the application of autonomous driving and artificial intelligence technologies, a sharing model will be adopted in the future to help alleviate traffic congestion.
0,000 Gang emphasized that China's electric vehicle development is an important part of the world's electric vehicle transformation and upgrading. Electric vehicles from all countries are welcome to come to the Chinese market, so that we can enjoy diversified products and diversified services.
0,000 steel: There will be more policies to incentivize the transformation of scientific and technological achievements
When answering reporters’ questions about the “my country’s Innovation Incentive Evaluation System”, Wan Gang said that from the perspective of incentive policies, the main focus is on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. In recent years, my country has made relatively significant progress in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and some industry policies are inconsistent and uncoordinated, including property rights registration and other aspects. These are things that we need to truly implement the transformation policy. More policies will emerge in terms of incentives, and new problems are also being solved.
The following is the transcript of the press conference:
0,000 steel:
Good morning, everyone from the media, the annual spring is here again, I am very happy to have this opportunity to meet in this place once a year. Thank you for your long-term concern, support and help in scientific and technological innovation. Today we are still the same, and we have prepared a roughly 7-page piece of material on the progress of scientific and technological innovation. I'll give a simple opening remark here. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has placed scientific and technological innovation in the core position of the overall development of the Party and the country, vigorously implemented the innovation-driven development strategy, and embarked on a new journey of building a world science and technology power. The strategic position of scientific and technological innovation in the overall situation of the Party and the country has been significantly improved, and major changes have been achieved in historic, holistic and pattern. The overall innovation ability and innovation efficiency have been significantly improved. Our country's scientific and technological innovation has gradually shifted from following the past to running side by side and leading in more fields. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased from 52.2% to 57.5%. Major innovative achievements have been continuously emerging. New business forms and new models such as digital economy and sharing economy are leading the world trend, and mass entrepreneurship and innovation are booming. In the "Government Work Report", Premier Li Keqiang emphasized the need to implement the innovation-driven development strategy in depth, accelerate the construction of an innovative country, comprehensively lead economic development, and enhance economic innovation and competitiveness. Clear arrangements have been made in all aspects of national innovation system construction, innovation incentive policies, and mass innovation and entrepreneurship. The important role of scientific and technological innovation is highlighted in deepening supply-side structural reform, implementing the rural revitalization strategy, and major tasks in various aspects such as ecological civilization and environmental protection.
In the next step, we will take Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as our guide, and in accordance with the requirements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, systematically plan and steadily advance all key tasks of scientific and technological innovation and reform and development, accelerate the construction of an innovative country, and contribute to the decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, building a modern socialist country, and realizing the Chinese dream of our common great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. I'll do such an opening remark. Thank you everyone.
China Daily reporter:
Thank you, host. Hello Minister Wan Gang, the Government Work Report gave high evaluations on the progress of scientific and technological innovation in the past five years, pointing out that innovation-driven development has achieved fruitful results, and the overall innovation capability and efficiency have been significantly improved. May I ask, what obvious changes have taken place in my country's scientific and technological innovation in the past five years? Thanks.
0,000 steel:
In the five years since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the field of scientific and technological innovation, like other fields, has worked together to achieve historic changes and achieve historic achievements. I think there are probably several aspects:
first, our scientific and technological innovation level has been significantly improved, and we have gradually entered a new historical stage of "three runs coexist", running side by side and leading the increasingly large number of them. Our strategic high technology has gradually moved to the forefront of the world, and all aspects that everyone has seen, such as aerospace, deep sea, supercomputing, and nuclear power, have gradually moved to the forefront of the world. Basic research has been strengthened, such as quantum entanglement, Weylfermions, embryonic stem cells, and recent cloned monkeys. The results of these technical research have gradually had a global impact.Scientific experimental satellites such as Wukong, Mozi and Beidou networking have now played an increasingly important role in our deep space exploration, positioning and navigation, and our environmental monitoring. The construction of major infrastructure such as the 500-meter diameter spherical radio telescope, namely the Sky Eye, and Shanghai Light Source has made great progress.
Second, scientific and technological innovation has strongly supported supply-side structural reform and improvement of people's livelihood, and has achieved a historic leap of comprehensive integration into economic and social development. I have been very fond of attention these days. After watching "Awesome, My Country", I was very moved. Bridges, water, land, ports, and a large number of infrastructure projects have played a role in scientific and technological innovation. Major special projects have promoted major leaps in key areas such as mobile communications, large aircraft, new drug development, and infectious disease prevention and control. Industries such as high-speed rail, new materials, ultra-high voltage, wind and water renewable energy, as well as new energy vehicles, artificial intelligence and other industries have developed rapidly. We can feel it around us. Technological innovation has also greatly improved and improved people's livelihood and played an important role in winning the battle to defend the blue sky, poverty alleviation, and people's health.
Third, the reform of our science and technology system has developed into a systematic and in-depth manner, and has also achieved a historic transformation, mainly because the structure of science and technology investment has been optimized, the status and leading role of the enterprise innovation entity have been obvious, and our country's science and technology project and fund management reform has gradually been improved and adapted to the requirements of the new era. In particular, basic research and results transformation have been strengthened, and the innovative policy environment has been improved.
Fourth, the power of scientific and technological innovation has changed from the past to the general public, and a new historic situation of mass entrepreneurship and innovation has gradually formed. The co-creation space we have generated in the "double innovation" craze has effectively served the transformation and upgrading of the real economy. At present, we have more than 4,200 co-creation spaces, more than 3,000 technology enterprise incubators, more than 400 enterprise accelerators and more than 150 national high-tech zones, forming an ecological network and ecological environment for innovative services, serving nearly 400,000 technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, and the number of new jobs last year was more than 2 million. Science and technology diplomacy has also taken historic steps to serve the country's overall diplomatic service. You can see our home international diplomatic activities in recent years, such as the "Belt and Road" International Cooperation Summit Forum, the G20 Summit, and the BRICS Leaders' Meeting in Xiamen. These have left a clear mark of scientific and technological innovation, the dialogue on innovation policies has become more in-depth, the network of science and technology partners has been continuously expanded, and the means of cooperation have become richer. However, in the face of these achievements, we still have a lot of room for improvement. We still need to look far and be prepared for danger in times of peace. We are facing a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. We must continue to make efforts to make science and technology better contribute to the benefit of the people, the development of the economy, and the guarantee of safety.
Science and Technology Daily Media Reporter:
0,000 Minister Hello, Minister, "double innovation" is a social hot topic and one of the topics that Science and Technology Daily has continued to pay attention to in recent years. The "Government Work Report" proposes to promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation to the level, and create an upgraded version of "double innovation". What specific measures do we have in the next step to create an upgraded version of "double innovation"? Thanks.
0,000 steel:
Just now I briefly introduced the development situation of "double innovation". Over the years, I have gone through a lot of crowd-creation spaces and met many young people in this opportunity. I think "double innovation" is an excellent platform for young people to realize their dreams. There are all young people there, and you feel lively and lively. "Double Innovation" is another big stage and platform for promoting economic transformation and development. Now, our colleges and universities, especially enterprises, run professional co-creation spaces, meet the requirements of the development of the real economy. Economic theory, one is the development of long-tail theory, the development of extended technology, and the other is the gap theory, which has been developed in some places where people need it.
From another perspective, it is a means of reform, driving the open sharing of scientific and technological resources, because the achievements of enterprises, universities, and research institutes are integrated into the innovation space of young people, and many public services are open. For example, you need some parts that can be provided by enterprises, and you need some interdisciplinary technologies that can be provided by universities. What touched me in particular is some of our entrepreneurial entrepreneurs who have been successful, who have taken the initiative to move towards young entrepreneurs and share their experiences and their experiences. I just watched the press conference of the CPPCC members. One member said that they told young people about the experience they had persisted in for ten years, so that they would not be afraid of difficulties and would also make them understand the market better. "Double Innovation" also improves the internationalization level of innovation and entrepreneurship. There are now many offshore innovation centers. Whether in Silicon Valley, Paris, or even in other countries, you can see young Chinese and young foreigners come to create together.
We also have a cross-strait incubation base. I once visited a entrepreneurship base with Taiwanese youth called "Ant Tribe". I visited the "Ant King" and also saw the products produced by the "Ant Tribe". I was very excited. Therefore, this form of co-creation space now seems to be welcomed by innovative entrepreneurs, the market, and various entrepreneurial entities. From the perspective of technological innovation, I think the following things need to be done:
first, the integrated development of innovation and entrepreneurship will serve the real economy more effectively. This integration is to follow the requirements put forward by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, deeply integrate industry, education and research, and integrate large, medium and small, and improve the cooperation mechanism between institutes, enterprises and entrepreneurs.
Second, promote the effective combination of technology and finance. Provide entrepreneurs with diversified financial services in the entire process. Next is to strengthen the source supply of innovation, improve the technological content of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, promote the opening of major projects to the society, and drive industrial development, social application and innovation and entrepreneurship. Speaking of this, there is a short story. A foreign friend said that your new "four major inventions" are shared bicycles. How can shared bicycles be the "four major inventions"? I said that there are bicycles that come from the original, sharing is an innovation. The technological support behind sharing is Beidou, the navigation positioning is Beidou, the mobile Internet has China broadband, and the fourth generation of mobile communications. You see, big data and cloud computing are supercomputing technology behind it, including the control of random parking and the use of electronic fences. These are also technologies produced in major projects of the national science and technology plan. What I am happy about is that major projects in these countries have arrived at entrepreneurs, and they can obtain them without barriers, and technology integration can meet market needs. Everyone remembers that our country was once a bicycle kingdom. The huge bicycle industry has become popular again, the orders are full, and the quality has also improved. So this is a source supply, and source supply is also a result transformation. We must openly share resources to promote the transformation of results.
Third, strengthen open cooperation and actively integrate into the overall situation of international entrepreneurship and innovation. On the one hand, absorbing effective international resources, the fewer and fewer language barriers among our young people are now involved in ideological communication. Gather all wisdom and innovate the industry. Finally, we must build a good innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem to improve our ability to serve innovation carriers. That is to say, a entrepreneurship incubation chain such as co-creation space, incubator, accelerator, and science and technology parks plays an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, cultivating innovative talents, and integrating and developing entrepreneurial capital and industries. In general, I think innovation and entrepreneurship should tend to be high-quality development and better serve the construction of a modern economic system. Thank you everyone.
Hong Kong Satellite TV reporter:
Hello, minister, everyone, I am a Hong Kong Satellite TV reporter. In recent years, we have witnessed the rapid development of China's science and technology, and the keyword in the past year is "artificial intelligence". What are the latest artificial intelligence development plans in China? In addition, in what aspects will it change the lives of ordinary people? Thanks.
0,000 steel:
You speak very well in Chinese.It verified what I just said: for young people today, language is not an obstacle, but more about ideological communication. It should be said that the development of artificial intelligence has a long history. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to this aspect of development. Since the 1980s, artificial intelligence has been a research content of our national science and technology plan. Over the years, after long-term accumulation and development in informatization, digitalization, software and hardware, it has been increasingly applied to the development of the economy and society. We have also seen important results in many areas. Self-driving cars are on the road, and robots are not only used in manufacturing, but also picking up packages, but our express delivery industry is also guaranteed.
You may have noticed yesterday's "two highs" report, which is the construction of our smart court. It is written in detail in President Zhou Qiang's report, and artificial intelligence is also playing an important role in this regard. We have a group of leading enterprises emerging. It is under this trend that our country's scientific and technological personnel have proposed the proposal to prepare a new generation of artificial intelligence plans. This suggestion has been highly valued by General Secretary Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang. We, together with many departments, submitted a new generation of artificial intelligence development plan to the State Council. After review by the State Council, it has been officially announced. This is a systematic plan for the development of artificial intelligence from the national level. It emphasizes the basic principles of accelerating the deep integration of artificial intelligence with the economy and society as the main line, and highlighting the basic principles of technological leadership, system layout, market dominance, and open source opening. To penetrate into various fields, the most important thing is to do a good job in key technologies and basic research of artificial intelligence, and quickly expand it to all aspects of society, so that everyone, entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs who are committed to innovation and entrepreneurship can obtain it.
So, the first thing we do is to start the construction of an open source platform for artificial intelligence. For example, Baidu is committed to autonomous driving, Alibaba is committed to intelligent transportation of urban brains, Tencent is engaged in medical video reading and medical image data processing, and iFLYTEK is engaged in voice recognition. There is also face-scanning technology in pattern recognition, which has gradually been applied to high-speed rail, station and airport. These must make it open and open source, so that existing technologies and existing accumulation can play a role in our economy and society, and be acquired by all entrepreneurs. However, it is necessary to strengthen the foundation to grasp artificial intelligence. So we need to do the following tasks:
first, laying the scientific foundation for the development of artificial intelligence. Accelerate the implementation of integrated research and development of key technology systems based on the science of the new generation of artificial intelligence, so that those R&D results can enter the open platform as soon as possible, and enhance and improve it again in open use. The artificial intelligence project guidelines and detailed rules will be released soon to break through the technologies of key parts of basic cutting-edge theories.
Second, accelerate the transformation and application of innovative achievements in artificial intelligence. Promote the application of artificial intelligence to the development of our industry, to all aspects of our social life, and solve the safety, health, environmental protection issues that people are concerned about. In addition, we must also know that artificial intelligence has both its technological progress and its social development side. Therefore, we must strengthen research on policies and regulations and actively respond to some challenges that may be faced with the development of artificial intelligence to social ethics, employment structure, personal privacy, national security, etc. In major projects of artificial intelligence, we must closely combine natural science research with social science research, overcome basic difficulties from the perspective of natural science, resolve doubts and confusions in social science research, and provide impetus for harmonious development.
Third, artificial intelligence is an international trend. We must strengthen international cooperation, actively support the cooperation between our domestic artificial intelligence enterprises, research institutions and internationally, and play our role in some important and key areas. Thank you everyone.
China Radio International and International Online Reporter:
We have noticed that this year's "Government Work Report" proposes to implement and improve innovation incentive policies, and performance evaluation should accelerate the transformation from focusing on process to focusing on results. May I ask the Ministry of Science and Technology, what are the shortcomings of my country's current innovation incentive evaluation system, and what measures will be taken to promote the reform of the incentive evaluation system. Thanks.
0,000 steel:
When the group of scientific and technological innovation develops from niche to mass, and when science and technology integrate into the process of economic and social development, the government's management of scientific research will inevitably develop from the past scientific research management to innovative services adapted to the new era. Therefore, from the perspective of incentive policies, the main focus is on the transformation of results. In the past five years, we have completed the revision of the Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Law, the State Council has issued several provisions on the Law on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, and launched a series of actions. We call the Trilogy of Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation. The transformation of scientific and technological achievements has made relatively significant progress, with two signs: First, the scale of our technology market has jumped to 1.3 trillion yuan. Among the main entities participating in technology market transactions, enterprises have always accounted for the vast majority. Now the number of transformations in our universities and research institutes has also grown rapidly. According to our statistics, it has increased by more than 20% every year in the past two years, and some large, especially basic and cutting-edge results have been gradually transformed into practice. Projects worth hundreds of millions and projects worth tens of millions have begun to appear. From scientific and technological personnel, they have obtained the autonomy of the transformation of results and the right to distribute income. The minimum line of net income is determined in the transformation method, so scientific and technological personnel are encouraged. However, after being motivated, some new problems will arise, such as the high enthusiasm for transformation, but he still focuses on scientific research and how to provide better and more professional intermediary services. This is done well abroad. For example, some problems that occur during the transformation process, some industry policies are also shown, including property rights registration, etc., which require us to truly implement the transformation policy. So in terms of incentives, more policies will emerge. In the process of solving the new problems, the main direction is tax preferential policies, such as the institutional norms for part-time jobs in scientific research institutes in universities, how to ensure that scientific researchers who undertake major projects receive incentives and rewards for stable growth in basic income, reasonable growth in performance returns and transformation of results, and achieve the flexible salary system that optimizes the three, and policies have been introduced, which require further coordination.
is indeed the most concerned thing for scientific and technological personnel in terms of evaluation. Some evaluation systems are not suitable. For example, as we usually say, those who are doctors themselves have to write papers, so this evaluation system is not suitable for the development of the new era. Therefore, a special evaluation of talent classification has been issued, which has also been practiced. Especially in the field of agriculture, agricultural colleges and universities must not only conduct scientific research in the laboratory, but also carry out results transformation and write papers on the land of the motherland. The evaluations of these two types are definitely different, so it is very important for various industries to conduct classified evaluations. During the Two Sessions, my colleagues did not rest and successively completed policy documents to strengthen the construction of scientific research integrity, as well as documents to deepen project review, talent evaluation, and institutional evaluation reforms. Another is tax preferential policies for the income from the transformation of results, which will be announced soon and will meet the needs of current scientific and technological personnel. However, incentives and performance are a long-term task and require us to continue to reform the science and technology system. Over the years, I have felt more of our scientific and technological personnel's ambition to serve the country. In the past, we have seen Li Baoguo, Huang Danian, and Nan Rendong, these touching scientific and technological personnel. They serve the country loyally, strive to the last moment, and contribute their own strength to the country. The spirit of scientific and technological personnel is valuable. We must especially cherish the spirit of scientists, the innovative spirit of entrepreneurs, and cherish the innovative enthusiasm of young talents. We must not only have material incentives, but also spiritually meet the needs of our scientific and technological personnel to fight for the country, for their innovative achievements, for their hard work, and for their willingness to sit on the bench and "sharpen a sword for ten years" to make their work smoother. Thank you everyone.
Reuters reporter:
The first question is that China's electric vehicles are developing rapidly, but recently they have encountered some resistance from auto manufacturers and consumers. Because it is difficult for consumers to accept this change in driving methods, I wonder if the Ministry of Science and Technology will take corresponding measures to help consumers and all walks of life accept the concept of electric vehicles? The second question is that American entrepreneur Musk publicly told US President Trump yesterday that he hopes the US president can focus on the trade imbalance caused by electric vehicles and related fields between China and the United States. What does Minister Wan think about this issue? Thanks.
0,000 steel:
Musk and I have known each other for a long time. I remember it was around the beginning of 2008. When his company was just listed, I drove the first electric car they developed at that time. We often had exchanges over the years. When he came to China for the first time, he drove his Tesla to our department. We jointly discussed some issues in the development of electric vehicles and our advantages. It should be said that since 2001, we have implemented major scientific and technological projects to carry out research from basic to technical aspects of the development of electric vehicles, especially key core technologies, batteries, motors, and electronic control technologies. Ten years later, we began to launch large-scale promotion. I remember meeting potential users at the 2008 Olympic Games and the 2010 World Expo, and received good reviews. In 2010, promotion began and a series of infrastructure construction was launched, such as the research and development of key technologies, support for the integration of industry, academia and research, etc., especially the increase in fiscal and tax incentives for electric vehicles. By last year, our sales of electric vehicles and new energy vehicles had reached 770,000. At the same time, our ownership has exceeded 1.6 million, accounting for half of the world, and we call two 50%.
The most important thing for us to develop electric vehicles is to optimize the energy consumption structure and reduce oil dependence; second, to reduce air pollution, especially in cities; third, electric vehicles as carriers, for the application of autonomous driving and artificial intelligence technologies, the future sharing mode has great potential to help alleviate traffic congestion. At the same time, it has become a trend worldwide to gradually develop from traditional cars to electric vehicles. I have a lot of exchanges with entrepreneurs and multinational companies from all over the world. In this exchange, we can communicate with each other.
At present, new energy vehicles in many countries have also entered the market, such as BMW's I3, Volkswagen, Audi, and GM, Ford, etc. are also gradually entering the market. They are produced by joint ventures in China and enjoy the same treatment as us. My colleague told me today that I value this very much. Mercedes-Benz and BYD cooperated with one called "Tengshi". Comrade He Defang bought one, and the effect was quite good. I think this is very good, and they complement each other's strengths.
Musk and I have not heard of any questions he asked us. What I want to tell you is that China and the United States have a very close cooperation in electric vehicles. We have a joint research center with the US Department of Energy. There are three key contents: the first is energy-saving buildings, the second is the utilization of clean coal, and the third is the efficient use of electric vehicles, including the efficient use of trucks. This cooperation does not have any obstacles in the plane of technological innovation. If there are any problems, I think we can communicate and communicate. I also welcome American entrepreneurs to come to China. In addition to electric vehicles, there are many things we can talk about. I think as long as we communicate and communicate more, there will be no obstacles in scientific and technological innovation cooperation between China and the United States. Since 1978, when Comrade Deng Xiaoping visited the United States for the first time, he signed a Sino-US scientific and technological cooperation. This cooperation has been going on until now. It has accompanied China's 40 years of reform and opening up and has achieved fruitful results. I really hope that these cooperation will continue smoothly, and I am very confident because our scientists and entrepreneurs have established a good communication and cooperation mechanism with relevant government departments.China's electric vehicles development is an important part of the world's electric vehicles transformation and upgrading. Therefore, we welcome electric vehicles from all countries to come to the Chinese market so that we can all enjoy diversified products and diversified services. Thank you everyone.
CCTV CCTV News Mobile Network reporter:
My question is asked to Minister Wan Gang. Minister Wan proposed in this year's "Government Work Report" that we should increase investment in science and technology in the field of people's livelihood. There is a statement that we should strengthen the prevention and treatment of major diseases such as haze control and cancer, so that science and technology can better benefit the people. So I would like to ask how the Ministry of Science and Technology’s progress in scientific and technological innovation in the field of people’s livelihood is progressing, and what measures will be taken in the future? Thanks.
0,000 steel:
"Technology benefits the people and improves people's livelihood" is an important purpose of scientific and technological development. Since the 13th Five-Year Plan, major scientific and technological special projects such as new drug creation, infectious disease prevention and control, and water pollution in the field of people's livelihood have achieved remarkable results. At the same time, it is effective in continuing with the major projects of Science and Technology Innovation 2030 that we are about to deploy. Therefore, over the years, scientific and technological innovation has made great investments in issues of concern to the people. For example, for the haze control issue that everyone is concerned about, we have established a technical system for heavy pollution weather response to services for joint prevention and control of air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta. What you can see now are reports on real-time air pollution and pollution forecasts, etc., which are all part of it, including real-time monitoring, which can be accurate and in place. The ultra-supercritical power plants with near zero emissions, nearly zero energy-consuming buildings, zero-emission electric vehicles and the upgrade of emission reduction of traditional vehicles have all contributed to supporting the victory of the battle to defend the blue sky. We are focusing on the construction of ecological civilization. After decades of struggle, our enterprises have created the "Kubqi model" of desertification control, the "Flower River model" of stone desertification control, the "Three River Source Model" of degraded grasslands on plateaus, and the "Sahanba model" of planting trees and afforestation for forest protection for generations. China is the first in the world to achieve the sand retreat, and has achieved good economic and social results in this process.
We respond to sudden infectious diseases and gradually transform from passive defense to active defense. "SARS" has been more than ten years, but we still remember it deeply. Since then, we have launched a major project on infectious disease prevention and control and established a response system for sudden infectious diseases characterized by CDC laboratory networks and other systems. In recent years, we have visited Africa to help Africa's friends to resist Ebola and Zika, and have also provided Chinese wisdom to the world in terms of sudden infectious diseases and contributed China's strength. 54 new drugs supported by major projects for the creation of new drugs have been included in medical insurance, contributing to reducing the cost of medical treatment. We have laid out more than 30 national clinical medical research centers around malignant tumors, cardiovascular diseases, etc., and have driven 20 provinces and cities, covering more than 2,180 medical institutions. The surgical robot developed by my country's scientific and technological personnel has entered high-end hospitals, and has applied 1.3 million various innovative medical device products in primary medical institutions, serving 450 million people. Science and technology have also played a role in poverty alleviation. The characteristic of science and technology poverty alleviation is to use intellectual poverty alleviation to help poor farmers solve problems in a long-term and long-term manner.
There are two short stories about poverty alleviation. Last year, I went to Liangshan to see the poverty alleviation in the Yi areas. I saw the concentrated areas of immigration and relocation, and enterprises came to help them grow roses. Technology played a role and provided rose fragrance, so industrial poverty alleviation started. I went to a more remote mountainous area and saw our rural science and technology commissioners used the method of exchange for beans to help improve the potato varieties, and the yield increased by 4 times. The method of changing sheep to sheep increases their yields of raising black sheep, and they can raise four cubs a year, but in the past it was just one. What I was particularly moved was some science and technology commissioners. I looked at a case where our science and technology commissioners helped farmers, saying that the black sheep was sick and had a bag on their necks. They found the cause of the disease, and said that they had hydatid disease. They said that this medicine was not only for the sheep, but also for the dogs, because dogs were pathogens. I recall that the CPPCC also had a special issue that could study hydatosis. Therefore, science and technology poverty alleviation is also a very important direction and people's livelihood.
We think the next step is to carry out the national sustainable development innovation demonstration zone in depth, with the focus on promoting some good experience models. The second is to strengthen the overall guidance of major scientific and technological projects, use artificial intelligence and digital technologies to strengthen social security prevention, and provide more scientific and technological investment and scientific and technological support for winning the battle against pollution, poverty alleviation, and promoting people's health. The third is to give full play to green technology and strengthen advanced technologies in the field of green development to strengthen industries such as energy-saving and environmental protection, clean production and clean energy. Fourth, continue to deepen the fight against poverty through science and technology, give full play to the role of science and technology commissioners and Star Chuangtian in rural science and technology innovation and entrepreneurship, and carry out entrepreneurial poverty alleviation.
We must provide scientific and technological support in all aspects, such as social security prevention, smart society construction, major disaster warning and prevention, and food safety platforms, to use technology to ensure safety on the tip of the tongue. We have already made corresponding plans for the prevention and treatment of major diseases such as cancer that everyone is concerned about and have also started corresponding work in all aspects. We must further increase efforts and focus on the high-incidity "cancer species". It should be said that we have made relatively obvious progress in solving the "cancer species". However, in terms of the "cancer species" with high-incidity "cancer species", we must still improve the early diagnosis rate of cancer, reduce the incidence rate, and improve the survival rate to achieve scientific and technological breakthroughs. At the same time, we must rely on the National Clinical Medical Research Center to accelerate the transformation of results and the promotion of advanced adaptation technologies to improve my country's comprehensive capabilities and levels of cancer prevention and control. Thanks.
Guangming Daily Media Reporter:
May I ask Minister Wan, in recent years, my country has introduced many encouraging policies in scientific and technological innovation, such as loosening the funds for scientific research, so that money can buy vinegar, including encouraging scientific researchers to innovate and start businesses. What is the biggest difficulty we have in further unleashing the potential of scientific and technological innovation next? What other measures will we introduce to chew these difficult "hard bones"? Thanks.
0,000 steel:
Just now you mentioned that in the "Government Work Report", one is the issue of loosening the constraints for scientific research, technological innovation, innovation and entrepreneurial personnel, and the other is the issue of canceling red tape. These are two very important questions. I feel that there are several major problems in the process of scientific research management to innovative services: one is basic research, and the other is the transformation of results. We must strengthen basic research, promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and improve the innovation performance of the entire chain. The most important thing is to serve people. So whether it is loosening or canceling red tape, the most important goal is to give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of scientific and technological personnel. This is the goal we need to follow in our work. In the past five years, we have carried out relatively large reforms on the entire planning system and funding use of scientific research management, and successively issued a series of documents. From the perspective of scientific and technological personnel's understanding, everyone agrees with the documents issued, but during the implementation process, there are more or less obstacles, and some are not smooth with other management systems. For example, there are a total salary. Can the remuneration of basic research talents who have made major achievements be improved? However, there will be some restrictions on the total amount. This is better in universities, but it still exists in research institutes and some enterprises. For example, after all, scientific and technological projects use fiscal funds, and there must be a budget according to the budget method, but there are many things that cannot be expected for scientific research itself. How to resolve this contradiction, we have now given considerable flexibility in budget adjustment, but how to adjust it specifically in a certain school and institution is another process that needs to be adapted. There is another one in
. I always feel that letting technicians buy tickets and pay for business trips is a hassle. Therefore, we promote the establishment of scientific research assistants. You can use scientific research expenses to hire an assistant, but the assistant also has a professional process, so these are all loosening issues. People think your policy feels good, but in fact there are some bad feelings, so this is a matter of deepening implementation.In terms of results transformation, there are also corresponding problems of inadaptation and non-compliance, there is a problem of professional intermediary services, and there are also problems of market services in asset appraisal and pricing. It should be said that there have been many policies in this regard, but the specific implementation needs to be further accelerated and deepened, so as the General Secretary said, one part of the deployment and nine parts of the implementation. The implementation will take longer. During the implementation process, more cases should be created to use these cases to drive the progress of reforms in all aspects. The three policies I just mentioned are about to be issued: on the evaluation and evaluation system, on the tax incentives for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and especially on the integrity construction of scientific researchers, will also promote the next step of further loosening and more red tape. I believe that our scientific and technological personnel are the main force in the reform of the science and technology system. Only by constantly solving old problems, exploring new problems, deepening and solving these problems, and moving forward step by step, our scientific research system and our innovative services will step by step to a new level. Thanks.
China Science and Technology Industry Magazine reporter:
Dear Minister Wan Gang, cooperation between industry, academia and research is a key link in the implementation of the national innovation and development strategy. In this year's "Government Work Report", the Prime Minister must further strengthen the coordination between industry, education, research and application, gather wisdom and strength, and accelerate China's innovation. Minister Wan Gang, what measures does the Ministry of Science and Technology have to promote the deep integration of universities, research institutes and enterprises? Thanks.
0,000 steel:
The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the "Government Work Report" both propose to promote the deep integration of universities, research institutes and enterprises, which is a very important work direction in the future. In the past, we called close integration, but now we want to talk about deep integration. It shows that our universities and research institutes have achieved some results in close integration, but we need to further progress towards the perspective of integrated development. From this perspective, we will probably do a few steps below.
First, adapt to the development of the new situation, focus on major strategic areas, establish the capabilities of enterprises as the main body, industry-led cutting-edge technologies and key common technologies, focus on the capabilities of enterprises, universities, and research institutes upstream and downstream of the industry, and increase the collaboration between small and medium-sized enterprises through consultation, co-construction and sharing. This is our newly built National Technology Innovation Center, and the National Technology Innovation Center, such as high-speed rail, new energy vehicles, and information networks, have made some new arrangements. This new and better model aims to transform the basic research results of universities and research institutes into technologies and products when we want to develop in the direction of industry leadership in the future.
Second, strengthen the system of technology transfer. We see that there are still some problems in the transformation of results. The results developed by scientific and technological personnel and professors do not know how to cross-professional results. Now cross-border applications have become a feature of our new era, and it requires some professional personnel to intermediate in this area. The transformation of results involves the evaluation of intellectual property rights and market value. It has a technology trading market, and the services of this market must be more perfect. At the same time, our university research institutions must also establish a professional technology transfer structure.
Third, continue to build a good professional co-creation space. I have just introduced that I have leveraged the advantages of large enterprises, universities, and research institutes in the professional field, which have resource advantages and market advantages to drive young people's innovation and entrepreneurship. In terms of industrial development, we must also build an innovation strategic alliance, focus on some key areas of artificial intelligence and big data, to guide and cultivate the development and growth of alliances, strengthen the development and sharing of common technologies in the industry and intellectual property rights, and promote cross-field and cross-industry collaboration among enterprises, universities and research institutes. The deep integration of industry, academia and research is a major topic, which requires us to study in many aspects. We also hope that our journalists here will put forward valuable suggestions, use your pen to reflect the difficulties in facts and reality, and put forward suggestions and plans. Thanks.
Host:
Today's press conference ends here. Thank you Minister Wan Gang and other guests, and thank you to all the reporters and friends.
(Comprehensive People's Daily, Xinhua News Agency)
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