"The vaccines I gave to my children are free. The state has given all the vaccines. Some of them can be given at their own expenses can cost hundreds of dollars. I think the state has arranged for the vaccine, and there is no need to get anything else. As a result, I didn't expect that a pneumonia is so tormented and hospitalized... the child is also suffering." In the hospital, Ms. Li looked at the child on the bed and said regretfully.
What made Ms. Li feel guilty was that the doctor told her that fortunately she was sent in time and her condition was controlled. The child suffers from pneumonia caused by pneumococcal. If it develops invasively, it will not only be difficult to treat, but may also have a 20% to 40% chance of leaving sequelae after treatment.
Now Ms. Li regrets not giving her child a 13-valent pneumonia vaccine.
Maybe many parents, like Ms. Li, look at the immunization program vaccine and non-immunization program vaccine from an important or unimportant perspective, and do not give their children the vaccine that needs to be vaccinated at their own expense.
Today we will take a look at what are the self-paid vaccines that are worth taking.
01.PCV13 (13-valent pneumonia vaccine)
This vaccine is called "pneumonia vaccine". Parents should not misunderstand that it prevents more than pneumonia. It can prevent a variety of diseases caused by pneumococcal, including otitis media , sinusitis , pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia , etc.
Invasive diseases caused by pneumococcal, such as meningitis, are severe intracranial infection of , especially acute suppurative meningitis, has a high disability rate and mortality rate.
This disease starts rapidly and develops rapidly. At the beginning, it often has common symptoms such as colds and fevers. Once you do not seek medical treatment in time, the consequences are often difficult to bear.
The best way to prevent pneumococcal diseases is to get vaccinated. In fact, PCV13 has been included in the national immunization program in many countries, and is currently among the vaccines that need to be vaccinated at their own expense. The failure to include national immunization programs may have complex socio-economic considerations, which does not mean that this vaccine is not important.
In the past, PCV13 was mainly vaccinated in my country for babies under 15 months of age, and the vaccination window was very short. With the improvement of my country's independent innovation level of scientific research and technology, the domestic PCV13 vaccine has been released to 5 years old (before the 6th birthday). The two-carrier PCV13, which has just been launched, is the world's first two-carrier pneumococcal polysaccharide-bound vaccine. It not only has innovations in technology, but also has more benefit in the people in terms of price, about 458 yuan per unit, which is the lowest price among the same vaccine.
By the way, pneumococcal actually not only invades children with incomplete immune function development, but also a major threat to the elderly group , whose immune function gradually declines. Many elderly people are hospitalized due to it, which may subsequently cause more serious complications, even severe illnesses, and death.
is also a pneumonia vaccine. The elderly need to be vaccinated with PPV23 (23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine). The difference between it and PCV13 is mainly in the process. I will not introduce it here. If you need to know, please refer to the following article.
extended reading :
These two pneumonia vaccines are not the same brothers! What you think is not necessarily correct. For these three misunderstandings about pneumonia vaccine, you must clear
. If there are elderly and children at home at the same time, it is recommended that elderly and children be vaccinated with PCV13 and PPV23 pneumonia vaccines respectively to avoid mutual infection.
02.Hib vaccine (Hymophilus influenzae type b vaccine)
just mentioned pneumonia and meningitis. In fact, it is not only pneumococcal that causes these two diseases, but also b type Haemophilus influenzae (Hib for short).
In my country, about 50% of suppurative meningitis is caused by Hib infection. Meningitis is a relatively dangerous disease, and its mortality rate can be as high as 5%!
Like PCV13, this vaccine has also been included in the national immunization program in many countries. Among the WHO 194 member countries, 193 countries have included it in the immunization program. China is currently the only WHO member country that has not yet included Hib vaccine in the immunization program.
Although many experts in China have made public remarks calling for Hib vaccine to be included in the first category vaccine list, due to very complex reasons, Hib vaccine is still in the second category vaccine and needs to be vaccinated at its own expense. This may to a certain extent lead to parents not having enough understanding and attention to this vaccine.
Hib vaccine can be vaccinated through two schemes:
Schedule 1, and Hib single seedling . The newest vaccine on the market is the Hib vaccine with lyophilized dosage form. It uses vacuum lyophilized technology. After mixing Hib stock solution with sterile lactose solution in proportion, it forms a lyophilized dosage vaccine with more stable quality and easier to store and transport. The vaccination procedure for single seedlings of
Hib is relatively flexible. For details, please refer to the figure below:
The second solution is to receive the combined vaccine . Combined vaccine is a vaccine prepared by , a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, which can achieve the purpose of being vaccinated with one vaccine to prevent of multiple diseases. The diphtheria and tetanus vaccine that children must start vaccinating at the age of 3 months is a combined vaccine.
So how do you play with Hib? Just choose the quadruple vaccine. quadruple vaccine can simultaneously prevent diseases caused by pertussis , diphtheria, tetanus and Haemophilus influenzae type b.
In other words, choosing a quadruple vaccine can not only give Hib at the same time, but also means that it replaces the diphtheria, tetanus and tetanus vaccine in the national immunization program (after getting the quadruple vaccine, you don’t have to get diphtheria, tetanus and tetanus!).
vaccination with the combined vaccine can not only reduce the number of injections and the pain for young children, but also reduce the incidence of adverse reactions , and establish a protective barrier for children in a timely manner to prevent disease invasion.
Under the same conditions, most of us will choose a combined vaccine that allows children to get less injections, parents to make less trouble, and prevent multiple diseases at the same time. Some parents may have heard of the quintile vaccine and believe that "the quintile vaccine is more effective than the quintile vaccine." This is true for
. The penta vaccine prevents one more disease than the quadruple vaccine - polio . However, it should be noted that the spinal cord component in the penta vaccine is 4-dose IPV (polio inactivated vaccine), which is inconsistent with the recommended vaccination procedure for polio vaccine in my country's current immunization program.
Since January 2020, my country has adjusted the immunization procedures for polio vaccines! One dose of inactivated polio vaccine was given at 2 months and 3 months, and one dose of live polio attenuated polio vaccine (bOPV) was given at 4 months and 4 years.
Why does the country do this? Such adjustments are not for no reason. They are based on the experimental data results over the years, and are also in line with the recommendations of World Health Organization .
Inactivated polio vaccine and live attenuated live vaccine are the polio immunization schemes that are more suitable for children in my country. In response to this point, parents are advised to do their homework.
03. Flu vaccine
First of all, some parents may not be able to distinguish between cold and flu , thinking that cold = flu, headache and fever, it is no big deal. The attitude towards flu vaccine is: don’t take it yourself, and don’t take it to your children.
is actually a big mistake in and ! The picture below clearly shows the difference between cold and flu.
The risk of influenza does not lie in the symptoms themselves, but in the fact that it can cause a variety of serious complications! And it is more contagious.
Because the dominant strain of influenza virus may vary every year, this is a vaccine for that requires every year. It is recommended that all people over 6 months of age receive influenza vaccine prepared with the latest strain every year.
All healthy adults may not be able to escape the influenza attack and become the spreader of the disease. Young children, the elderly, pregnant women, and chronic patients may have higher risk of complications and death.
So, don’t think that influenza is a “small fight” disease. If you can handle it yourself, there is no problem for the child. This seedling suggests that the whole family will use for !
Most of the flu occurs from October to February of the following year. Getting vaccinated before the peak of the flu can effectively prevent influenza.
04. Hand, foot and mouth vaccine
Hand, foot and mouth disease parents may be familiar with it. It is easy to break out in kindergartens or other places where children gather. As long as one child in the class is sick, most other children will not attend classes.
Hand, foot and mouth disease is an infectious disease caused by CV-A16, CV-A6, EV-A71 and other enteroviruses. is the main susceptible group for children aged 55 and under.
Hand, foot and mouth disease is highly contagious and has a variety of infection channels, including gastrointestinal tract (faecal-oral route), respiratory tract (droplets, cough, sneeze, etc.), and can also be transmitted due to contact with the patient's oral and nasal secretions, skin or mucosal herpes fluid, contaminated hands and items.
Hand, foot and mouth disease may develop into severe illness. The virus may enter the brain with the blood circulation, causing encephalitis , meningitis, intracranial hypertension, etc. Severe hand, foot and mouth disease may be life-threatening .
has no specific medicine for treating hand, foot and mouth disease. Vaccination is the best prevention method. Even if the prevention is not successful, it will keep the baby away from severe threats.
The vaccination targets for the hand, foot and mouth vaccine are children aged 6 months to 5 years old, with a total of 2 doses, at least one month apart, and the vaccination age is as early as 12 months as possible.
05. Rotavirus vaccine
Rotavirus is mainly transmitted through the fecal-oral route and is the main cause of viral diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide.
About 10 million infants and young children in my country suffer from rotavirus-infected gastroenteritis every year, accounting for 1/4 of the total number of infants and young children.
Although most children can recover by themselves after being infected with rotavirus, some children will develop severe illness, resulting in dehydrated shock, electrolyte disorders and even death.
Rotaviral enteritis can be prevented by vaccines. is mainly vaccinated for children aged 2 months to 3 years old. Rotavirus vaccines are all oral. Currently, there are domestically produced unit price and imported five-valent ones on the market. The vaccination window of the five-valent ones is short. The first injection must be completed within 12 weeks and cannot be vaccinated after age.
Although the vaccine's protective efficiency will not reach 100%, in most cases, even if it is infected after vaccination, the symptoms will be milder. In order to protect the healthy growth of children, it is recommended that parents receive all vaccines they can get, and do not judge the importance of vaccines based on immunization and non-immunization programs.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-