The newly revised " Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic of China " will be officially implemented on May 1. Hot content such as "cancel the general vocational diversion after junior high school graduation", "clear undergraduate vocational education", and "write undergraduate or above level" have attracted much attention, which means that secondary vocational students can not only study in college, but also study in undergraduate and graduate students.
Nandu Big Data Research Institute found that in recent years, the number of secondary vocational schools has decreased year by year, with more than 2,600 in 2021 compared with the previous year, while the undergraduate level vocational schools increased from 21 in 2020 to 32 in 2021, and the number of higher vocational (junior) colleges increased by 18. In 2021, the proportion of students in ordinary high schools has reached 66.5%, and the proportion of students in vocational schools has declined simultaneously. Education experts say that behind the "one increase and one decrease" is the embodiment of improving the quality and improving vocational education.
Secondary vocational education transformed into "employment and study in equal measure"
The 34th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress voted to pass the newly revised Vocational Education Law on April 20, which is the first major revision in the past 26 years since the formulation of the Vocational Education Law! The revised clauses that have attracted much attention from the public and hotly discussed mainly include "general vocational diversion" to "coordinated development". The original Vocational Education Law stipulates that the state implements educational diversion at different stages with a focus on post-junior high school based on the economic development level and educational popularization level in different regions. In principle, we should guide fresh junior high school graduates to divert to secondary vocational schools at a rate of 50%. The newly revised Vocational Education Law is amended to "adapt to local conditions and coordinate the coordinated development of vocational education and general education at different stages after compulsory education."
At a press conference held by the Ministry of Education on February 23, Chen Ziji, Director of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education, said that the coordinated development of secondary vocational education and general high school education can not only meet the learning needs of students with different endowments and potentials, but also provide diversified space and channels for growth and development. Secondary vocational education is the starting point rather than the end point of vocational education. It promotes the diversified development of secondary vocational schools and changes from simply "employment-oriented" to "employment-oriented" to "employment and study-oriented". This year, the proportion of students recruited by vocational undergraduate and vocational colleges through the "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination" will be expanded, making the "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination" the main channel for enrollment of higher vocational education, especially vocational undergraduate schools.
2021 The number of secondary vocational schools decreased by 26.3% compared with the previous year
On March 1, the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Education released the "Main Results of National Education Statistics in 2021", mentioning that there are 7,294 secondary vocational schools nationwide, enrolling 4.8899 million students and 13.1181 million students. Nandu Big Data Research Institute sorted out the national statistical bulletin for the development of education in the past three years and found that in 2020, there were 9,896 secondary vocational education schools nationwide, a decrease of 182 compared with 2019, enrolling 6.4466 million students and 16.6337 million students. In 2021, the number of secondary vocational schools nationwide decreased by 2,602 compared with 2020, with a decrease of 1.5567 million students and a decrease of 3.1633 million students. In other words, the number of secondary vocational schools in 2021 decreased by 26.3% compared with the previous year, and the number of students in secondary vocational schools decreased by 19% compared with the previous year. In terms of the number of higher vocational schools, the number of undergraduate vocational schools increased from 21 in 2020 to 32 in 2021, and 18 higher vocational (junior) colleges also increased. It is worth mentioning that the number of higher vocational (junior) colleges and universities has increased in recent years, with a total of 98 more from 2018 to 2021.
The number of secondary vocational schools and enrollment in the country have sharply decreased, which is closely related to the national high-quality development layout of secondary vocational education. The "Action Plan for Improving Quality and Excellence in Vocational Education (2020-2023)" mentions that the basic operating conditions of secondary vocational schools are comprehensively verified, the "empty, small, scattered and weak" schools are integrated, and the layout of secondary vocational schools is optimized. At the press conference on February 23, Chen Ziji, Director of the Vocational Education and Adult Education Department of the Ministry of Education, said that the implementation of the "Great Quality Secondary Vocational Schools and Major Construction Plan" will be implemented, and a number of high-quality secondary vocational schools and brand majors with demonstration and leading roles will be concentrated, and about 1,000 national-level high-quality secondary vocational schools will be built in 3-5 years.
The proportion of students in vocational schools has been declining simultaneously in recent years
Even as one of the important indicators of secondary education and high school education is the general vocational ratio (the proportion of students in ordinary high schools and secondary vocational schools), the overall national level is currently maintained at around 6 to 4.In fact, in recent years, the proportion of ordinary high schools has increased significantly, and the proportion of vocational school students has been declining simultaneously. Nandu Big Data Research Institute found that in 2020, there were 14,200 general high schools nationwide, with 24.9445 million students, with a proportion of general high school students of 59.92%. By 2021, there will be 14,600 general high schools and 26.0503 million students of general high school students, with a proportion of 66.51%. In other words, the number of students in ordinary high schools increased by 6.59 percentage points compared with the previous year in 2021, which means that the proportion of students in vocational schools has decreased simultaneously.
Produced by: Nandu Big Data Research Institute
Data sorting and analysis: Yuan Jiongxian Design: Zhang Bo
Data source: Official website of the Ministry of Education, National Statistical Bulletin of Education Development
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