Recently, Indonesian National Development Planning Minister Suharso Monoarfa said at a special meeting of the new capital bill held by the Jakarta Parliamentary Association Building that the new capital in East Kalimantan was named Nusantara.
(1) Why did Indonesian move the capital?
As early as Indonesian independence in the 1940s, Indonesia's founding president Sukarno proposed to move the capital. In the following decades, the topic of moving the capital was often reported in newspapers, but it was "high thunder and little raindrops." After Jokovic took office as president, rumors of moving the capital finally became a reality.
Jokko officially announced in August 2019 that the capital would be moved from Jakarta to East Kalimantan Province , with the reason to avoid aggravating the continuous sinking and congestion of Jakarta, which will also help the development of Kalimantan. According to the non-profit organization "Handle Economic Forum", Jakarta has become one of the fastest sinking cities in the world, sinking at a rate of 1 to 15 cm a year. Now almost half of the areas are below sea level; the research report points out that under the combined effect of climate change and global warming, 95% of Jakarta's areas will be flooded by sea water in 2050.
As the largest city in Indonesia, Jakarta covers an area of 740 square kilometers and has a population of more than 10 million. The population of the largest Jakarta area is as high as 30 million; the number of Java Island, the fourth largest island in Indonesia, exceeds 140 million, which means that more than half of the Indonesian population lives on Java Island. The continuous influx of population has brought unbearable urban pressure to Jakarta.
Indonesia's economic data shows that GDP on Java accounts for more than 50% of the country's total year-on-year, and GDP of on Kalimantan Island accounts for less than 10%. The capital relocation is also part of the Jokovic government's important strategy to eliminate the development imbalance between Java and other regions, and can make the country's economic development more balanced and equitable.
(2) Where will the Indonesian capital move to?
In May 2019, the Indonesian Ministry of National Development Planning invited governors of , , West Kalimantan Province, West Sulawesi Province and East Kalimantan Province to go to the Presidential Palace to discuss the location selection of the new capital, and identified three alternative locations in Central Kalimantan Province and East Kalimantan Province. President Jokovic then visited two alternative locations in East and East Kalimantan province - Bukit Soeharto and Palangkaraya, and determined the location of the Bukit Soeharto area as the new capital. It should be noted that "Bukit Suharto" is just the current name of the region, not the name of the new capital.
Bukit Suharto is located about 63.4 kilometers south of , Sanmalinda, the capital of Eastern Kalimantan Province, near the junction of Kutai Kartanegara and North Penajam Paser. It is a forest park covering an area of 61,850 hectares (618.5 square kilometers). Bukit Suharto is close to Balibaban and Sanmalinda Airports and adjacent to the toll roads, which are all advantages.
(3) What is the name of the new capital of Indonesia?
The original meaning of Nusantara is "Arctic Islands". Indonesia's Minister of National Development Planning Suhasso said: Nusantara is a household name and is also representative internationally, aptly describes the characteristics of Indonesia's archipelago. Suhasso said the name was instructed by Indonesian President Joko Widodo and finally confirmed.
Nusantara can be translated as "Nusantara", "Nusantara" or "Nusantara". There is no official translation at present, and "Nusantara" is more likely.
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