Historically, Japan conducted secret military surveys and mapping of China for the purpose of invasion. This secret has always been hidden in historical materials such as the "History of Gentile Survey Evolution" and "Preparation of Gentile Soldiers" compiled by the Japanese General Staff Headquarters and the North China Front Army that year. Especially in 1911, Chiyoshi Murakami's "hand account" (notes) of the Land Survey Bureau of the Japanese General Staff recorded his secret surveying and mapping experience from Sakhalin, , Baikal, and to Hong Kong, south. The Japanese invading China's stolen maps were also very accurate and surprising!
Japanese dispatch of Chinese military reconnaissance began in the fifth year of Meiji (1872), when Shiro Ikegami secretly sneaked into Northeast China for secret reconnaissance. These surveyors investigated the geography, military preparation, civil affairs, people's tendencies, including language, currency types, and prices of Jilin and Heilongjiang where the Aisin Jueluo family emerged in the Aisin Jueluo family in the Changchun, as well as the places where the Yili generals were guarded.
1873—1874 Japan sent Hayama Shiki , Fukushima 90% to Taiwan on spring Japanese ships, and at the same time conducted reconnaissance and surveys on the coast of China, and drew the "Qing Dynasty Bohai Local Map" and "Army Shanghai Map". From 1875 to 1882, the Japanese military completed the "Complete Picture of Beijing in the Qing Dynasty" and the "Picture of Hunan Province in the Qing Dynasty". In 1883, the Japanese General Staff Headquarters, Tadasuke Kajiyama sneaked into China and recorded the "Attachment of the Yalu River in the Chronicles", and drew the topographic map along the way from Yalu River to Fengtian (now Shenyang). In his "travel" diary, he observed the population, garrisons, and military intelligence of cities wherever he went, and also corrected the Dalian Bay map drawn by the British.
1895-1897 Japan's temporary mapping department surveyed and mapped the Liaodong Peninsula and Taiwan. The survey and mapping of Taiwan by the Japanese army, especially the survey and mapping of Hsinchu , Changhua , Chiayi and other places, was accompanied by the bloody killing of the local people by its Guards Division.
One-twenty-one-thousand-Taiwan Fort Map (total 466 pictures) completed in 1904, one-twenty-one-thousand-Taiwan Fort Map (total 36 pictures) completed in 1905, one-twenty-one-thousand-Taiwan Fort Map (total 68 pictures) completed in 1907-1916, one-twenty-five-thousand-Taiwan Fort Map (total 25,000) Taiwan topography (total 177 pictures) completed in 1921-1928, and one-twenty-fifthly-fifthly-Taiwan Fort Map (total 117 pictures) completed in 1924-1938. Taiwan is even classified as Japan's territory.
1900, Japan participated in the Eight-Nation Alliance's suppression of the Boxer Rebellion, and the Japanese army was able to openly conduct military surveying and mapping of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanhaiguan and other places. At the same time, the "coalition forces" of Britain, the United States, France, Russia and other countries also took the opportunity to complete the surveying and mapping of one-50,000 topographic map on the battlefield. While the Japanese army openly surveyed the maps in Beijing, Tianjin and other places, they secretly sent people to conduct "travel surveys" in Anhui, Zhejiang and Fujian. In Fujian, the Japanese took into account the risk factors such as "strong folk customs and rampant pirates" in the local area, and their surveyors made up as merchants selling tobacco and medicinal materials as cover.
In 1904, Japanese Army Major Jiro Saito was ordered to conduct secret surveying and mapping of Zhejiang and Anhui. Its date starts from Hangzhou on July 22 and ends on August 30, and its results are unknown. During the Russo-Japanese War in 1904, the Japanese army surveyed and mapped Fushun , Shenyang, Liujiagangzi, and Xinmin. In 1907-1910, the Japanese army surveyed and mapped the Northeast, Inner Mongolia, North China, Chengde , Chifeng , Zhangjiakou, Dushikou, South China, Guangdong, Xiamen , Hong Kong, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Shandong Peninsula.
At the beginning, Japanese officers secretly reconnaissance, such as Kajiyama Takaisuke, and others used compass to measure the direction, and used the average number of travels in one hour, such as hiking, carriage, and sedan to calculate the distance. When Japan sneaked into China, a group of 2-3 people were a group of people who were stolen, carrying compass and an altimeter, and acting separately. Detailed measurements are made mainly along the road. During the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese army was able to publicly survey and map the battlefield. The temporary mapping department used latitude and longitude and triangulation methods, and its map accuracy was greatly improved. During the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese army drew a terrain map of the Northeast Tieling 1:200,000, which was quite accurate.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-