oil painting "Glorious Stained Forest in Gutian" Wang Lu painted
In order to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, the large-scale documentary feature film "Dare to Teach the Sun and the Moon to Change the Sky" was jointly produced by the Central Propaganda Department and Central Party History and Documentation Research Institute . ", which will be broadcast continuously on the CCTV comprehensive channel from June 20. The
feature film selects the 100 years since the Communist Party of China entered the historical stage to take control of national power, and from socialist construction to leading the national rejuvenation, leading the audience to truly experience the arduous and great journey of the party's founding over the past 100 years. There is an episode of the
feature film "A Catching Fire that Starts a Prairie Fire", which tells in a magnificent way that after the baptism of the revolution, the Communist Party of China embarked on the revolutionary journey of independently leading the armed struggle.
Let us review the heroic years through the film clips.
94 years ago, a night that cannot be described - Sanwan adaptation
"Catching Fire Catching Fire" specifically gives a picture of Sanwan Village, Yongxin, Jiangxi Province. Today's Sanwan Village has beautiful mountains, clear waters and outstanding people. In fact, a village 94 years ago At night, there is an endless story here - adapted from Sanwan.
On September 9, 1927, Mao Zedong, Lu Deming and others led the Autumn Harvest Uprising on the Hunan-Jiangxi border. This was one of the three major uprisings in the history of the party and the military. Due to the violent counterattack of counter-revolutionary forces, as well as subjective and objective reasons such as scattered troops and lack of combat experience, the uprising army suffered serious setbacks. In a situation where the enemy was strong and we were weak, Mao Zedong made a decisive decision and decided to give up the attack on Changsha and led the insurgent troops to march towards Jinggangshan District.
html On September 29, Mao Zedong led the Autumn Harvest Uprising troops to Sanwan Village, Yongxin County, Jiangxi Province, and stayed here for five days. The situation faced at that time was: there were too many officers and few soldiers, morale was low, the morale of the troops was disorganized, and people kept leaving the ranks.So, one night before 1994, a group of young people held a meeting at Taihexiang Grocery Store to study the next step. At the time of the meeting, the oldest person was Mao Zedong, 34 years old.
This is the famous Sanwan adaptation.
After a night of discussion, Mao Zedong announced the decision to reorganize the army early the next morning: first, "the branch is built in the company", establishing party organizations at all levels in the army, with groups in squads and party committees in battalions; Reorganize the troops and reduce the original division to a regiment; third, establish a soldier committee to implement a democratic system within the army.
Mao Zedong used his charismatic and contagious words to tell everyone: "Comrades, now the enemy is just firing cold shots behind us. What's the big deal? We are all born from mothers, and we all have two arms and two legs. Comrade He Long started his career with two kitchen knives, and now he is a military commander. We are all. One person who came out of the riot can stop ten enemies, and ten can stop a hundred. We still have a team of nearly a thousand people. Are we still afraid that we can't do it? Without setbacks and failures, there will be no success and victory. ! "
's words were like a blazing torch, raising the low morale again.
From then on, a team miraculously "gathered sand into cement" overnight!
The Sanwan adaptation organizationally established the Party’s leadership over the military. It was the earliest successful exploration and practice of the Communist Party of China in building a new type of people’s army, and was an important beginning in building a new type of people’s army.
On August 3, 1965, Mao Zedong met with Malraux, the special envoy of French President Charles de Gaulle. Malraux asked Mao Zedong: "I don't think anyone before Chairman Mao has led the peasant revolution to victory. How did you inspire the peasants to be so brave?"
Mao Zedong replied calmly: "This question is very simple. We eat the same food as the peasants. ,wear The same clothes make the soldiers feel that we are not a special class. "
The wind is thundering, the flag is flying, and we are the world - Go to Jinggang Mountain
When talking about the construction of the people's army, Jinggang Mountain is naturally inseparable. After telling the story of the loyal relationship between Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui, "Catching Fire Catching Fire" brings the audience's attention to Jinggang Mountains.
In October 1927, Mao Zedong led the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to the Jinggangshan area in the middle section of the Luoxiao Mountains.Mao Zedong led the land revolution in Jinggangshan, which brought about a vigorous change in rural society and overturned the feudal land ownership system that had existed for thousands of years.
The establishment of the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base ignited the spark of the "armed separatism of workers and peasants" and opened the way for China's revolutionary rural areas to encircle cities and seize power with arms.
In late April 1928, Zhu De and Chen Yi led the remaining troops of the Nanchang Uprising to Jinggangshan, joined forces with Mao Zedong's team, and established the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army Fourth Army. Zhu De was the commander and Mao Zedong was the party representative. .
At the subsequent conference to celebrate the reunification of the two armies, Mao Zedong delivered a speech and announced for the first time the "Three Major Disciplines" and the "Six Points of Attention."
The person who facilitated the "Zhu-Mao Reunion" was Mao Zetan. After the failure of the Great Revolution, Mao Zetan, who was in the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, went to Nanchang, where he eventually caught up with the Nanchang Uprising troops led by Zhou Enlai. Zhou Enlai sent him to work under Ye Ting. At the end of 1927, Zhu De sent Mao Zetan to Jinggangshan to get in touch with Mao Zedong. Mao Zetan finally succeeded in finding his brother and brought the remnants of the Nanchang Uprising to Jinggangshan. Soon, Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan led the troops of the Pingjiang Uprising to Jinggangshan and met with the Fourth Red Army.
From October 1927 to February 1929, in one and a half years, in Jinggangshan, the Red Army overcame unimaginable difficulties and defeated enemies several times their size. When the Red Army withdrew from Jinggangshan At that time, the number of people increased from 1,000 to more than 10,000.
There is no doubt that this is a miracle in the history of human military affairs, and what created this miracle is the army-building thought of "people's soldiers". This idea is reflected in the style of work, which is the famous " three major disciplines and eight points of attention ".
In October 1935, Cheng Tan, secretary-general of the political department of the Red 15th Army , was explaining the proclamation to the officers and soldiers. He thought that if these military disciplines were compiled into catchy lyrics, it would be easier for the Red Army to remember them. So, he discussed with Liu Huaqing, the head of the propaganda section, and borrowed the melody of the popular song "The Agrarian Revolution Has Been Successful" in the Soviet area to complete the song "Three Major Disciplines and Eight Points of Attention".
Soon, this loud military song spread among the troops, and the good style of the people's army also spread with the clear singing.
Under the leadership of Mao Zedong and Zhu De, the Fourth Red Army smashed 6 attacks by the enemy forces in Hunan and Jiangxi, and the Jinggangshan base developed into its heyday.
Therefore, the Kuomintang Chiang Kai-shek was determined to completely eliminate the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base Area.
On January 14, 1929, Mao Zedong, Zhu De, and Chen Yi led more than 3,600 main members of the Fourth Red Army to leave Jinggangshan and embark on a journey to attack in southern Jiangxi.
A map appeared on the screen of "Catching Fire Catching Fire", with the place "Jitan" specially marked on it.
In fact, it was in Zhenxia Village, Jitan, that the Fourth Red Army encountered the most dangerous battle. On February 1, 1929, the Fourth Red Army stationed in Zhenxia Village, Jitan. In the early morning of the next day, Liu Shiyi's troops of the Gan Army raided the Fourth Red Army. Mao Zedong and Zhu De were almost in danger. Chen Yi was caught by the Kuomintang army and Mao Zetan was shot in the leg. Fortunately, the entire army finally succeeded in breaking through.
Mao Zedong lamented that this "is the most difficult time for our army."
On February 9, 1929, New Year's Eve, the Fourth Red Army arrived at Dabaidi, and Liu Shiyi's troops from the Gan Army followed.
The Fourth Red Army lured the enemy deep into the territory, and started a fierce battle with the enemy at 3 p.m. the next day. Finally, they defeated the Gan Army, annihilated two regiments, captured the regiment commander alive, and surrendered more than 800 guns.
Chen Yi said in his report to the Central Committee that the battle of Dabaidi was "the most honorable battle since the founding of the Red Army."
From then on, the Fourth Red Army reversed the situation of being passively beaten. Going to Jinggangshan is for revolution, and going to Jinggangshan is also for revolution.
Rebirth from the ashes amid heavy snowfall - Gutian Conference
"A Catching Fire that Starts a Prairie" reproduces the Gutian Conference in a vivid and colorful way. Before the Gutian Conference, there were disagreements within the party about military building—whether the party commands the guns, or the guns command the party.
Mao Zedong had a clear and firm attitude towards this: the party's absolute leadership over the military must be upheld.
While the differences were being debated, Chen Yi brought a letter of instructions from the central government. This is the famous "September Letter" - the letter affirmed Mao Zedong's thoughts on the party's leadership of the military.
On November 26, 1929, Zhu De and Chen Yi welcomed Mao Zedong who was recuperating in Changting, Fujian Province. In the dusk, the three old comrades reunited.
On November 28, Mao Zedong presided over an enlarged meeting of the Front Committee of the Fourth Red Army. In view of the loose situation in the army, everyone agreed that if the Fourth Red Army did not rectify and unify its thinking at this time, the team would be unable to lead.
Therefore, the meeting decided that the Fourth Red Army would conduct study and training in December and prepare to hold the Ninth Congress of the Fourth Red Army.
On December 28, 1929, at the suggestion of Mao Zedong, the Ninth Congress of the Fourth Red Army was held at Hesheng Primary School in Gutian, Shanghang. This was the famous Gutian Conference.
Hesheng Primary School was originally the Liao family ancestral hall . There is a majestic couplet at the door of the ancestral hall. The first couplet is: "Academics imitate Western Europe to open up new knowledge to disciples", and the second couplet is: "Mr. Guo Zhen's old family tradition in the north of Wenwen Zong".
Mao Zedong had a profound intention in choosing to hold the meeting here: to turn the Red Army into a "big school".
At the Gutian Conference, Mao Zedong made a political report, Zhu De made a military report, and Chen Yi delivered the "September Letter" from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
It was freezing cold and snowing heavily. Next to a charcoal fire, the delegates listened to Mao Zedong's exposition of his thoughts on building the party and the army.
After heated discussions, the conference unanimously approved eight resolutions of about 30,000 words drafted by Mao Zedong on behalf of the Front Committee, collectively known as the "Resolutions of the Ninth Congress of the Fourth Army of the Red Army of the Communist Party of China", namely the Gutian Conference Resolutions .
The first and most core content is "On Correcting Wrong Thoughts within the Party", which was later compiled into "Selected Works of Mao Zedong". The meeting elected Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Chen Yi, Luo Ronghuan and other 11 members as members of the Front Committee of the Fourth Red Army of the Communist Party of China, and Mao Zedong was re-elected as secretary.
For the first time, serious criticism and self-criticism were carried out within the Red Army.
"A Spark Starts a Prairie Fire" commented on this meeting: The Gutian Conference established the principles of ideologically building the party and political military building, established the party's absolute leadership over the army, and enabled the people's army to achieve phoenix nirvana and rebirth from the ashes.
According to Mao Zedong's proposal, Hesheng Primary School, the venue of the Gutian Conference, was renamed "Shuguang Primary School" after the conference.
It was from the dawn of Gutian that the Red Army became a cultured and thoughtful army, and an army armed with Marxism.
"Success starts from Gutian". Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the new people's army set out from Gutian and marched westward, northward, eastward and southward, eventually establishing New China.
"The mountains are soaring across the sky, and the mainstay of the human world is this peak." "A Catching Fire" is like a historical map. Let us follow the map again and go back to those turbulent years. Through time and space, we can see the heroes standing in the vast sky. The majestic equipment on the earth can truly feel their great spirit of indifference and their heroic ambition to take the world as their own responsibility. (Liu Tonghua)
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