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Appreciation of Leonardo da Vinci handed down works (1)
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci
(1452-1519)
Leonardo da Vinci (Leonardo da Vinci) Vinci, April 15, 1452 - May 2, 1519, Aries ), also translated as Da Vinci , his full name was Leonardo di Serpiero da Vinci, he was a Italian Renaissance A polymath in many fields, he was also an architect, anatomist, artist, engineer, mathematician, and inventor. His endless curiosity and creativity made him a typical artist of the Renaissance and the most famous painter in history. One of the most perfect representatives of the entire European Renaissance. He completed few works in his lifetime, but almost all of them are immortal masterpieces. His works have a distinct personal style from beginning to end, and he is particularly good at combining artistic creation with scientific discussion, which is unique in the history of world art. Together with Michelangelo and Raphael, he is known as the "Three Masters of Renaissance Art".
As a child, Leonardo da Vinci was smart, studious, and had a wide range of interests. He sang well and learned to play the lyre and flute very early. His improvisational singing, both in terms of lyrics and melody, is amazing. He especially loves painting and often paints for his neighbors. He is known as the "painting prodigy". The 14-year-old Leonardo da Vinci was sent to Florence by his father to study under the famous artist Verrocchio and began to systematically study plastic arts. At the age of 20, Leonardo da Vinci already had high artistic attainments. He used paintbrushes and carving knives to express the truth, goodness and beauty of nature and real life, and enthusiastically praised the happiness of life and the beauty of nature.
The Last Supper, an Italian Leonardo da Vinci fresco, is 469 cm long and 880 cm wide. It is housed in the Convent of Santa Maria in Milan.
" The Last Supper " is a mural painted for the restaurant of the Convent of Santa Maria in Milan. It is based on the " Bible" The most important story in "" has also been depicted by many religious painters before Leonardo da Vinci. But in the past, all painters had a common feature in their artistic image processing: they separated Judas from the disciples and painted them opposite the dining table, in a position of being judged in isolation. This is because painters cannot express people's complex inner emotions, and it is difficult to distinguish between good and evil in terms of images. Because Leonardo da Vinci made in-depth observations and studies on human image and psychology, he was able to discern and express the subtle psychological activities of characters from their movements, postures, and expressions. This fresco depicts the final farewell scene of Jesus and his disciples before his arrest. The ingenious composition and ingenious management layout closely connect the hall on the picture with the dining room structure in life. The picture occupies a full area The entire wall of the monastery refectory hall makes the viewer feel as if the scene in the painting is happening right in front of them.
In terms of the character layout, it changed the layout of the "Last Supper" that was drawn by the predecessors and seated around the table. Instead, all the characters were seated in a row facing outwards, and Jesus was seated in the middle. This allowed each character to be fully expressive at the same time. , do not make the picture cluttered and scattered. With Jesus at the center, there are two groups of figures on the left and right, and the characters of all are vividly expressed in their actions and gestures. Leonardo da Vinci chose a key moment to depict.
This painting by Leonardo da Vinci has abandoned all the shortcomings of this theme in the past. From the characters' activities, personality, emotions and psychological reactions, it deepens the moral of the story and reflects it through the conflict between Jesus and Judas. The opposition between human justice and evil. In fact, what it shows is the epitome of the struggle between light and darkness that all upright people in Italian society at that time could see.
This painting is 4.6 meters high and 8.8 meters wide. The picture uses the principle of perspective to make the audience feel that the room has naturally extended with the picture. To frame the composition, the apostles sit closer than normal for a meal and are divided into four groups, creating wavy layers around Jesus. The closer the disciples got to Jesus, the more excited they became. Jesus sits in the middle, with his hands spread out and calm, in sharp contrast to the nervous disciples around him. Outside the door behind Jesus is a peaceful scene, with the bright sky above his head like a halo. His eyes stared outside the painting, as if he had seen through all the heat and coldness in the world. The window in the painting of the Last Supper shows daytime, so it has been cited as one of the suspects. In addition, there is an extra hand in this painting that does not belong to anyone, which is the hand located at the waist of Peter (4th from the left). This is the most mysterious part of this painting.
The composition of the Last Supper
This painting is the most famous work of Leonardo da Vinci's life creation. Among many paintings of the same theme, this painting is recognized as an unprecedented work, especially fascinating for its ingenious conception, excellent layout, realistic details and strict decent relationship. When composing the picture, he displayed the picture on the entire wall at one end of the dining room. The perspective composition of the hall is connected with the architectural structure of the dining room, making the viewer feel as if they are actually there.
The characters echo each other, are connected with each other, and their feelings are not isolated. This is the most important and most successful psychological description factor of Leonardo da Vinci. The ancient aesthetic principle of "unity in diversity" has been unprecedentedly effective in this painting by Leonardo da Vinci. In the treatment of space and background, Leonardo da Vinci took advantage of the limited space on the wall of the canteen and used perspective to create a profound sense of the picture, as if the dinner scene took place in this canteen. He correctly calculated the perspective distance from the ground so that the horizontal line was exactly consistent with the composition of the figures and the table in the painting, creating a psychological illusion for the audience, as if they were witnessing this scene of a biblical story with their own eyes. In the background of this painting, there are rows of partitions, windows, ceilings and various decorations on the wall behind it. Its "centripetal force" composition is a symmetrical form to achieve a balanced solemnity. If it is not used well, it will be very difficult. It is easy to create a dull feeling. Light and shade are expressed using the light projected from the window on the upper left wall. All the figures are painted in the sunlight and appear very clear, except Judas's face and part of his body are in dark shadows. This symbolic suggestion technique was started by Leonardo da Vinci in painting.
The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne Italy Leonardo da Vinci Collection of the Louvre Museum in Paris, France
This painting depicts Saint Anne, the mother of the Virgin Mary, with the Virgin sitting on her lap holding Christ. Christ is grabbing a lamb and trying to mount it, looking playfully at his mother, while the grandmother is smiling at her adorable little grandson. The whole picture is filled with the cheerful mood of the Holy Family family happiness. The rigorous composition of the picture and the harmony of the characters' expressions are unprecedented, and are hailed as artistic miracles. His compositional principles and soft, smoke-like brushwork had a great influence on the Florentine art world, and Michelangelo and Raphael were deeply indebted to him.
Leonardo da Vinci was good at using charcoal and toner interchangeably to draw. His sketches are often full of images, with soft light and a strong sense of three-dimensionality. The picture seems to be covered with a layer of mist, and the Virgin and the girl are smiling at each other in this fog-like environment. In addition, the artist used blue-gray drawing paper, so the hazy feeling created by the charcoal also has a sense of atmosphere under the moonlight.
The vividness of the painting "The Virgin and Child and Saint Anne". If you observe carefully, the eyes of the three people in Leonardo da Vinci's Saint Anne and the Virgin and Child are different. Saint Anne is kind, the Virgin is holy and abandons emotions, and the Saint Son It is love and perseverance that transcend age and activity. This kind of meticulous portrayal distinguishes this painting from other family scenes. People who see it will immediately feel that it is different, and that it is filled with indescribable holiness and brilliance.
Mona Lisa Italy Leonardo da Vinci Oil on board Vertical 77 × horizontal 53 cm Collection of the Louvre Museum in Paris
This is Leonardo da Vinci's famous portrait work, which represents Leonardo's artistic thought. The picture depicts a quiet and dignified beautiful girl, who is full of joy and confidence in life. The painter quickly captured the girl's smiling expression for a moment, showing her subtle inner activities and giving the audience rich associations. The portrait uses soft tones and delicate techniques to depict the girl's face, neck and hands. This sweet artistic style is completely consistent with the Renaissance's celebration of human nature and appreciation of female beauty.
Leonardo da Vinci spent three years painting this portrait in Florence. As a result, this oil painting became the most famous oil painting in the world and will go down in history forever. The life experience of the portrait in the picture, the intention of ordering the painting and how it was later collected by the French royal family are still a mystery and cannot be determined.
"Mona Lisa" is the first Italian portrait to focus so closely on the bust of a person. The painting is not large in size but has a full composition. Leonardo da Vinci used perspective to give the characters a round sculpture-like full volume. In the painting, Mona Lisa is sitting steadily on a chair in a three-quarter position. The chair is in front of the balcony. Her left arm is resting on the armrest of the chair, and her right arm is leaning against the balcony wall. Her right hand is very natural. placed on the left hand, this shape emphasizes the nobility and majesty of the person being painted. The delicate black veil worn on the head is often mistaken as a metaphor for sadness, but is actually a symbol of virtue. There are two incomplete stone columns on both sides of the balcony, forming a "window" overlooking the scenery.
In the picture, she is sitting elegantly on a chair on the balcony. On the background, the undulating distant mountains, winding paths, and gurgling water in the blurred air perspective make people feel that she is always unfettered in the space of spiritual vision. The little bird is flying in the green forest and dark water. Leonardo da Vinci gave her bright eyes, slender eyelashes, and hair that fell half-naked on her chest. According to the aesthetic point of view at the time, women's eyebrows detracted from the clarity of the eyes, so she was not given eyebrows. Everything is unified in the emptiness of the atmosphere and the rippling soft currents. In order to strengthen the clear expression of the characters' characteristics of the era, Leonardo da Vinci broke through the medieval church's absurd rule that the lower part of the abdomen could arouse people's lust, so it prohibited portraits of characters from being drawn below the abdomen, and painted the characters below the abdomen, openly expressing opposition to the medieval views. . Mona Lisa is dressed simply and elegantly. The musical pleats replace the jewelery that is commonly seen in portraits of women. A trace of tulle is gently lifted on her forehead, adding to the charm of the figure. Her hands are painted extremely delicately, as if they are conveying a gentle warmth. The most elusive thing about Mona Lisa is the smile that appears from the corner of her mouth. Some people call this smile "holy smile", "charming smile", others call it "charming smile", and some even call it "evil smile". Mona Lisa's smile has become a mystery through the ages. . Leonardo da Vinci said that the eyes are the windows to the soul, through which one can peek into the character's entire inner world. Her smile and her eyes show the confidence of the emerging bourgeoisie , announcing the destruction of theocracy and ushering in a new century.
This "Mona Lisa" is Leonardo da Vinci's highest artistic achievement. The image of a bourgeois woman is portrayed in the painting. The background is beautiful, the depiction is detailed and lifelike.The characters sit in a dignified posture, and the author cleverly combines the characters' rich inner emotions with their beautiful appearance. Mona Lisa's soft hands and plump body are full of unique female beauty. The wrinkles in the clothes nearby are carefully depicted, which also reflects Leonardo da Vinci's rigorous style in painting. On Mona Lisa's face, faint shadows appear and sink, covering her eyes and lips with a veil. Human smiles are mainly shown at the corners of the eyes and mouth, but Leonardo da Vinci painted these parts vaguely without clear boundaries, which is why there is this elusive "mysterious smile" and it also presents an inviolable appearance. dignity. The reason why I say it is mysterious is that different viewers or when they see it at different times have different feelings. Sometimes I think her smile is comfortable and gentle, sometimes she looks serious, sometimes she seems slightly sad, and sometimes she even looks sarcastic and teasing.
At the same time, Mona Lisa’s right hand is even called “the most beautiful hand in the history of art.”
Leonardo da Vinci's unique artistic language is the use of light and shade to create a three-dimensional sense of a flat image. He once said: "The greatest miracle of painting is to make a flat picture appear concave and convex." He used the principle of the change of light received by a sphere and pioneered the gradual light and dark method, that is, the transition from light to dark in the image is continuous. Like smoke, there is no clear boundary. "Mona Lisa" is an example of this painting method. Vasari believed that this light and dark painting method was a turning point in the art of painting.
Girl Holding an Ermine Italian Leonardo da Vinci oil painting on board, vertical 54.8 x horizontal 40.3 cm. Collection of Krakow Chatowsky Art Museum
This exquisite portrait depicts Cecilia Gallerani, who has a noble temperament and a quiet appearance. She is the mistress of Duke Dovigo Sforsa of milan and is highly favored. The painter used light and shadow to highlight Cecilia's elegant head and soft face. The white mink with smooth fur and lifelike shape in his arms made the picture vivid. The ermine takes its symbolic meaning here and becomes his personal incarnation. Da Vinci's portraits truly achieve both form and spirit and are highly praised by the world.
The treatment of light and dark is the most eye-catching aspect of this portrait. The light and shadow set off Cecilia's elegant head and soft face.
Leonardo da Vinci continually attempted to elucidate the theory of the sources of light that illuminated the faces of indoor figures, using chiaroscuro (the balance of light and shadow) to create the illusion of indirect lighting. The so-called indirect lighting is the use of walls or screens to reflect light. This theory is considered very modern and coincides with the methods used by photographers today.
(images and text source from the Internet, copyright belongs to the original author)
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