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After the decisive victories in the three major battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai, and Pingjin, Chiang Kai-shek the main force of several million elite direct descendants has been lost, and the Chiang dynasty is in a precarious and desperate situation of falling apart.
1. From Director of the Third Department to Commander of the 72nd Army
Chiang Kai-shek often blamed others for his failure in battles. Guo Rugui deeply understands the cruel methods of secret agents. It is indeed a bit shuddering to think that if the situation is exposed, he will be tortured, his flesh and blood will be scattered everywhere, and he will die. It would be better to take the blame and resign and leave the situation of suspicion as soon as possible.
Therefore, when He Yingqin resigned on December 24, 1948, Xu Yongchang had the opportunity to take up the post of Minister of National Defense, he submitted a report to resign as Director of the Third Department. But Gu Zhutong persuaded him to give up his words. He said: "You are just the person in charge of business. Major decisions are made by superiors. How can you be responsible? You don't have to take the blame and resign!"
He didn't know that Guo Rugui really wanted to take the opportunity to leave to avoid trouble. He was just taking the blame. It's an adjective. Guo Rugui approached Gu Zhutong again and asked him to intercede to let him serve as army commander. When Gu Zhutong heard this, he opened his eyes wide and said:
"Ru Gui, when is this? You see that the military has been losing ground one after another. Other army division commanders have long wanted to escape. Why do you still want to be the army commander? It's obvious You're asking for trouble Well! Even if you really want to lead troops, you'd better get a position such as deputy commander of a corps, deputy commander of Sui District , etc. Just use a name, don't suffer the consequences of being a military commander!"
"Commander! It's a matter of time and trouble." Others always think that I am a staff officer who talks about military affairs on paper and is clear-headed. In fact, I will not directly lead troops to fight. Now I am in danger and take orders, risking my life and death, so that I can live up to the hope of the party and the country. Living up to your cultivation of me is one of them. Secondly, although the situation is critical, winning a crucial battle can often turn back the fallen tide, not to mention that the world is changing rapidly, and Britain and the United States are calling for the third world. big War, China's situation is not necessarily pessimistic. Third, the more critical the situation, the more important it is to focus on the basic team and train a military backbone to expand the force and form a powerful group. You create a basic force, and when that happens, wouldn't it be more logical to appoint me as the commander of the corps?"
Guo Rugui saw that Gu Zhutong persuaded him not to become the commander of the army, so he quickly made an impassioned speech.
"You must be the commander of the army, and I will ask the president for instructions." Gu Zhutong said this quickly when he saw Guo Rugui's determined look.
Guo Rugui was very happy to see that Gu Zhutong allowed him to serve as army commander. He wrote in his diary on New Year's Day in 1949: "I will make the greatest determination in the new year to start everything over again."
He was thinking a lot at the time, recalling the scene when he went to Huangpu Military Academy, and continued to write:
"The foolish heart at that time was full of thinking that by joining the revolutionary camp and overthrowing the warlords and imperialism, China's politics would be on track. Unexpectedly, after the Northern Expedition... the society developed towards capitalism. Today, wealthy bureaucratic capital monopolizes the national economy. , corrupt officials, locals, and peasants, how can this world be like this? Isn’t it a dark hell? For more than 20 years, I have been too simple. I only studied military science and became a pure soldier. , only the eight years of anti-Japanese war can be regarded as doing my best for the country and the nation. Otherwise, all my efforts were in vain! I failed to fulfill my original intention and did not fulfill my due responsibility to "put politics on track." Just like yesterday, I feel as if I have lost my life. This year I will start a new life so as not to betray my original intention."
On January 6, Gu Zhutong signed an order to appoint Guo as the commander of the Tenth Army, but the president did not approve it. At this time, Guo Rugui thought that since Chiang Kai-shek was suspicious of him and asked him to leave his confidential post to serve as army commander, why did he go against his promise and refuse to approve it? This must mean that he was not trustworthy when he became army commander.
Hu Lian arrived in Nanjing on January 10th, preparing to meet with Chiang Kai-shek. He repeatedly invited Guo Rugui to serve as commander of the Eighteenth Army. Guo knew well and repeatedly declined. Unexpectedly, Hu Lian came to the third hall the next day and said to Guo Rugui: "The president has approved you to be the commander of the 18th Army. I hope you will take office as soon as possible and restore the military prestige of the 18th Army!"
Guo Rugui listened. I don’t quite believe it. Chiang Kai-shek even refused to give me the Tenth Army. How could I let him go to the Eighteenth Army, which he trusted most? But after attending the official residence meeting, Gu Zhutong also told Guo Rugui, and Guo Rugui’s mood became even more complicated. .
"He (referring to Chiang) may not necessarily have distrusted me at all. Otherwise, even if Hu Lian boasted that I was the most suitable person to revitalize the 18th Army, he would not let me go to the 18th Army." When Guo Rugui thought about it, her fear became much less severe.
But Guo Rugui couldn't guess Chiang Kai-shek's psychology, why he immediately agreed to Hu Lian's request. If this is out of trust in Hu Lian, then he still has no good impression of Guo Rugui, and problems will arise sooner or later. This army is a trump card held by Chiang Kai-shek. Not only will it not go to the southwest, but it will withdraw to Fujian and Taiwan from the Yushan area on Zhejiang-Jiang Road where it is currently stationed at any time. Even if this army retreats to the southwest, it will never An uprising is impossible.
Because the Eighteenth Army is not only tightly controlled by many Chiang Kai-shek's spies, but most of its soldiers and officers at all levels are die-hard elements of the Chiang Kai-shek group. If serves as the commander of this force, not only will he not be able to achieve the purpose of leading an uprising, he may also be kidnapped to Taiwan. Therefore, Guo Rugui looked at this "fat job" and felt very depressed.
As a result, Guo Rugui was extremely anxious and at a loss what to do!
He remembered what happened to the commander of the 44th Army two months ago. After the Forty-Fourth Army was wiped out in Nianzhuang, Chiang Kai-shek ordered the reconstruction of the Forty-Fourth Army in order to encourage miscellaneous troops to work for him. The Forty-Fourth Army was originally the team of the Sichuan warlord Wang Zanxu , so Wang Zanxu sent a telegram to recommend Guo Rugui or Chen Chunlin, director of the Adjutant Bureau of the Ministry of National Defense, as commander. himself did not want to lead the army at that time, so Chen Chunlin was appointed as the army commander and had already returned to Sichuan to organize and replenish the troops.
Now, I never expected that I did not want to be the commander of the 44th Army, but in exchange for the commander of the 18th Army! As soon as the appointment of the commander of the 18th Army was announced, many people came to congratulate him. Hu Lian was happy and also A large sum of money was allocated to Guo Rugui for the purpose of building an army. On the surface, Guo Rugui greeted him cordially and thanked him, but he felt unspeakable pain in his heart.
But I never expected that on January 21, Lin Wei told Guo Rugui: "Chiang Kai-shek has dismissed his commander as commander of the 18th Army and replaced him as commander of the 72nd Army. This is really a situation where there is no way out. , another village with dark flowers and bright flowers. "
The commander of the 72nd Army was originally Yu Jinyuan. After he withdrew from Xuzhou with Du Yuming, he was surrounded by the People's Liberation Army in Chenguanzhuang. Later, Yu Jinyuan led his troops to surrender and some officers and soldiers escaped.
Chiang Kai-shek then ordered the army to be rebuilt and immediately headed to Sichuan. Guo Rugui was overjoyed to be able to serve as the commander of the 72nd Army. As for the reason why Chiang Kai-shek changed his order from day to day, Guo Rugui did not want to delve into it at all. However, Guo Rugui did not want to delve into it. , this was Liu Fei looking for a scapegoat, and said to Chiang Kai-shek, "Guo Rugui has enough academic qualifications and knowledge, but he lacks experience. He is prone to surprising cases and is very unstable." "
Gu also scolded Liu Fei for doing such an immoral thing. Guo Rugui never imagined that Liu Fei had done such a good thing for him. Although Guo Rugui and Liu Fei had conflicts, Guo met him at the Dabie Mountain "Cuppression" meeting. When Bai Chongxi came out, he sent the District Shounian Corps away with just a swipe of his pencil during the Battle of Suiqi . When he died, he wanted to report to Chiang Kai-shek and get him killed, but Guo Rugui also suspected that he was someone with ties to the Communist Party. Unexpectedly, Liu Fei helped me a lot this time
. Before he took up the post of commander of the 72nd Army, he met with Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang said: "You can't do it, eh! You have to practice hard!" This is exactly the same as what Gu Zhutong told Guo Rugui, proving that Liu Fei was the slanderer.
2. Guo Rugui’s recruitment
As soon as the commission was issued, Guo Rugui established a military headquarters in a primary school on North Sichuan Road, Shanghai, and successively took in more than a thousand remaining members of the former 72nd Army from Shanghai, Nanjing, Zhenjiang, etc.; on the other hand, he recruited cadres and led the army. The Ministry set up a framework, and recommended Liu Zhanxu and Zhao Deshu as commanders of the new 34th Division and the 233rd Division respectively, and also appointed some regimental and battalion company commanders. At that time, all departments of the Ministry of National Defense had moved to Shanghai. Guo Rugui went to the fourth department and the headquarters of Joint Logistics , and used various connections to obtain the firearms, vehicles, equipment, food and money for an entire army, plus gifts from Hu Lian. (The fact is that he provided funds for the 18th Army), and the funds were very sufficient.
Guo Rugui went to the third hall and met his old colleagues. They said that the new director of the third hall, Cai Wenzhi, when studying the Jiang defense equipment, advocated deploying heavy troops in Wuhu , Tang Enbo Tang Enbo advocated deploying heavy troops on Yang Zhong's side. The two argued endlessly, and Tang Enbo impatiently scolded: "You know nothing!"
Cai Wenzhi felt humiliated and angrily tore off his military uniform and said: "I will never be a soldier again." Cai left the department, and now the post of director is vacant and no one can replace him.
After Guo Rugui listened to them, he immediately remembered that when he was about to leave the third hall, Lin Wei asked him: "Director Guo, where do you focus on Jiang defense? The president meant to focus on Yang Zhong." Guo immediately understood at that time. Chiang Kai-shek did not really defend Jiang, but only used Jiang as an outpost.
His real intention is to stick to Shanghai. He will still direct everything in the name of president. At this time, Guo Rugui heard that Cai Wenzhi was arguing with Tang Enbo, and knew that Tang was adhering to Chiang Kai-shek's will, so he dared to curse.
In order to quickly expand the 72nd Army, Guo Rugui decided to immediately return to Sichuan to find the Southwest Military and Political Chief's Office and the Chongqing supply area to request soldiers, food, and equipment. Based on his familiarity with the people and the ground, he believed that he would be able to recruit a soldier in a short period of time. The army was established.
Before setting off from Shanghai, Guo Rugui handed over the troops to chief of staff Xu Yayin and deputy division commander Bai Heng, but they refused to do anything. Guo Rugui didn't know the reason, so he had to order Zhao Deshu, commander of the 233rd Division, to take a ship back to Sichuan via the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Road to Yichang. He asked him to recruit as many troops as possible along the way, and told him:
"Go to the wounded soldiers hospital wherever you go." to shout, 'Everything Those who are willing to return to Sichuan, please come and go back together.' The wounded soldiers in Sichuan were displaced and homesick. As soon as they heard that the army was returning to Sichuan, they would definitely participate in it and the army would be able to expand rapidly. "
This method has really received a great response. effect. Later, Zhao Deshu brought Guo Rugui soldiers from three regiments: 101, 697, and 678.
On February 4, after Guo Rugui made all arrangements, he led Chief of Staff Xu Yayin and Military Supplier Wang Xishang to fly from Shanghai to Chongqing. At this time, Guo Rugui couldn't help but think of the scene of taking a boat from Chongqing to Shanghai and Guangdong more than 20 years ago. In the blink of an eye, twenty-two years have passed! Looking back on more than twenty years, what have you left on the road of life?
If we talk about the first domestic revolutionary war and the Anti-Japanese War, The time is still It is worth remembering that the dictatorial rule of the Chiang Dynasty was corrupt and incompetent, the remnants of the reactionary army were free to succeed, and committed many evil acts. The corruption of high-ranking officials was common, and their integrity was ruined. However, I was forced to be involved in it. What a lifelong regret!
3. How does Guo Rugui fully control the army?
As soon as Guo Rugui returned to Chongqing, he was introduced by Chief of Staff Xu Yayin to station at the Danzishi Police School on the south bank of , and used various methods to continue to expand his troops. On the one hand, Guo Rugui asked Qiu Yuan (Murley), the commander of the Chongqing Supply Zone, a former classmate of Chengdu United Middle School and Army University, to allocate vehicles and equipment; on the other hand, he organized an officer corps and sent people everywhere to recruit troops, especially to Tongliang. .
Since Guo Rugui is from Tongliang, a Sichuan native, a fellow countryman, poor farmers who are worried about being drafted are willing to come to Guo. Guo gave written evidence to everyone who came.The county military service department can be used to offset the quota of young men. Therefore, people who were selected as young men in Tongliang came to join them one after another, regardless of whether they knew them or not. Guo Rugui also publicly called for anyone who can recruit a company of people to be the company commander, and whoever can recruit a battalion of people to be the battalion commander.
Xu Hanzhou, the commander of the 100th regiment, recruited a regiment leader in the division management area. As a result, the army developed rapidly. Chen Chunlin's 44th Army arrived in Sichuan for more than a month first. The number of Guo Rugui's troops It didn't take long to catch up with him. Not only that, Guo Jun's three regiments were all veterans, so the troops had greater combat effectiveness. For a while, they became one of the four mobile armies in Sichuan alongside Luo Guangwen's two armies and Chen Chunlin's 44th Army.
Xu Yayin, the chief of staff of the 72nd Army, was smart and handsome. When Guo Rugui was the director of the Third Department, Wang Shusheng introduced him as the section chief. Later, he went to Yu Jinyuan's 72nd Army as deputy chief of staff, regimental commander, and chief of staff. Mr. Lu often comes to Xuzhou to see Guo Rugui. When Guo took over as the commander of the 72nd Army, he escaped from the encirclement and went to Nanjing. Guo was very happy when he saw him and tried his best to persuade him to continue as chief of staff. He trusted him and considered him an old subordinate of the 72nd Army. The situation is familiar and it will definitely assist him in secretly preparing for the uprising.
One day Guo took the opportunity to chat with him and tested his attitude and said:
"The Kuomintang is extremely decadent and has lost the hearts of the people. It will undoubtedly collapse. It is not worth it for us to die for such a government. We must find another way. You see, there is What can I do?"
"Yes, there is no doubt that the Kuomintang will collapse, and we must find another way out. However, the Communist Party is extremely cruel and we must not surrender to it. It is best for us to take the third route." He said confidently.
Guo Rugui originally thought that he would be induced to help, but she never expected that he would suggest taking the third route. Guo Rugui could not find anything to say for a while, so she could only smile and remain noncommittal.
Xu Yayin then further said:
"The Communist Party is by no means better than the Kuomintang and cannot be relied upon. Yu Jinyuan sent people to surrender to the Communist Party in the encirclement. Even if he was disarmed, I have reported his surrender to the Ministry of National Defense. Report it. He is unfaithful and spineless, and he is really despised!"
Guo Rugui saw that he was resolute in his anti-communist attitude, and secretly felt lucky that his intentions were not exposed, so he used the trick and agreed to take the third route to cover up "find another one." Road" words. Therefore, he pretended to be happy and said: "Yes! We will take the third route."
From then on, he believed that Guo Rugui would take the third route.
In May, Guo Rugui obtained enough soldiers for two divisions, and also allocated a division from Luo Guangwen's seventh training office, so the unit he belonged to became three divisions and nine regiments. Soon after, the army was ordered to be reduced to two divisions and six regiments, and the number of soldiers became more abundant.
So the Southwest Military and Political Chief's Office ordered the 72nd Army to move to the areas of Neijiang, Luzhou, Yibin. Guo Rugui believed that Yibin was located in the southwest corner of Sichuan, making it easier to induce an uprising. I want to stay in this corner and not be transferred elsewhere. It happened that one day Luo Guangwen said: "I am operating a base in Huaying Mountain to prepare for guerrilla warfare in case of emergency."
"No! Huaying Mountain is too small. How can we support and cover two armies? The only way to do it is to operate. Lei, Ma, Ping, where are the Yi and Han people? The mixed settlements, high mountains and dense forests, dangerous terrain, and vast area are the most ideal places to fight guerrillas. I am currently stationed in Yibin and can operate nearby, which is very convenient. How about we cooperate and fight guerrillas together in the future?"
Guo Rugui tested him in this way. .
Luo Yi was very happy when he heard this, so Guo Rugui encouraged him to request to the Southwest Chief's Office to set up the Southern Sichuan Garrison Command and appoint me as the commander. At that time, the director of the Southwest Military and Political Chief's Office Zhang Qun had a deep conflict with Wang Lingji and was trying every possible means. To weaken Wang Lingji's power. So Luo's proposition was immediately approved by Zhang Qun. Students from mainland China in the Southwest Military and Political Chief's Office are also very supportive, but think that the name "Southern Sichuan Garrison Command" is too big, and it is better to establish the "Xulu Garrison Command," Guo Rugui agreed. As a result, the "Xulu Garrison Command" was established, and Guo Rugui was appointed commander of the 72nd Army and commander of the Xulu Garrison, and Zhang Qun's man Xiao Lie was appointed as the chief of staff of the Xulu Garrison Command.
At that time, each army had a political office, and all security headquarters must have an inspection office. The second section of the Army Staff Office specializes in intelligence. The military commander often sends people to participate. On the one hand, they collect intelligence on the Communist Party; on the other hand, they supervise the army division commanders for Chiang Kai-shek. The political workers of the Political Affairs Office are dispatched by the Information Bureau of the Ministry of National Defense, and they also monitor the military officers. For the sake of future convenience, Guo Rugui rushed to appoint military cadres, appointing Huang Yinqu as the director of the Political Department, and Ren Lianru (Guo Rugui was a traffic officer in our party)'s brother Ren Tiyou as the deputy director of the Political Department. After arranging the political staff in order, he then Register and submit request for approval.
As for the Inspection Division, Guo Rugui knew that the military commander must recommend the director. Therefore, on the pretext that the Inspection Office excessively disturbed the people, engaged in cigarettes, gambling and prostitution, failed to maintain public order, and punished people more than harmed them, they strongly refused to send people from the military command to Luzhou. Guo Rugui saw that Liu Zhongmin, the deputy commander of the security division, was extremely honest, and discussed with Luo Guoxi, the commissioner and security commander, to establish a joint military and police office and let the deputy commander of the security division manage it. As a result, police departments all over the country have inspection offices, and only Guo Ruguisulu Superintendent has no inspection office as a special agent organization.
However, Guo Rugui was very worried that the military command was all-pervasive. If he sent people to invade the 72nd Army, his uprising would be greatly hindered. At that time, Luo Guoxi, the Luzhou commissioner and divisional security commander, was a second-term student of Huangpu and a military reunification agent. Under Guo, Guo Rugui was very wary of him and carefully guarded against him. Little did he know that the military reunification elements were hard to guard against. He never expected that Guo Rugui's caring chief of staff was also a military reunification element, and he never discovered it.
"The mantis stalks the cicada, and the bird catches it." Guo Rugui was lucky not to fall into the hands of the military commander! At that time, every garrison commander had to concurrently serve as the chairman of the joint meeting of the party, government and military, and Guo Rugui was also Zhang Qun was appointed chairman of the joint meeting, but Luo Guoxi was appointed deputy director. , a joint meeting of the party, government and military, specializes in hunting down communists. Every month, the chairman convenes a meeting of the local court, county party administrative commissioner, deputy security commander, county magistrate, and the director of the Military Judiciary Division of the 72nd Army to hear cases of massacre of communists.
At that time, Ren Lianru had followed Guo Rugui back to Chongqing. He told Ren Lianru that I would never participate in such a meeting and would ignore it. Ren Lianru said to Guo: "How can that be done? If you just let it go, won't they do whatever they want? Their killings are also blood debts!"
Ren Lianru thought for a while and then said:
"Comrade Rugui, think about it, Chiang Kai-shek and his group of reactionaries will be destroyed." When the time comes, they will definitely massacre crazily The Communist Party, in order to protect innocent people and every Communist Party member, you must participate and do everything possible to protect them. If it doesn’t work, I don’t blame you if you write to me.”
From now on, every time the party, government and military joint meeting is held, Guo Rugui actively participated in hosting and was never absent.
Luo Guoxi hated the Communist Party very much and frequently advocated shooting or burying Communists alive. To Guo Rugui, she would always say half-jokingly: "Commander! If anything happens to you like this, you need witnesses and material evidence, and even a Communist can't kill you."
Guo Rugui tried his best to dissuade him with personal feelings, and handed it over to the Military Justice Department for investigation. , execution must be carried out only if there is conclusive evidence. Fortunately, the Chief of Military Justice Leng Xiaoyan is a member of the Democratic League and was secretly sent by the party to instigate me. He supports all my opinions. Not only has the Garrison Command never killed anyone, but the Joint Military and Police Office has also never killed anyone.
Xu Yayin was very happy to see that I agreed to take the third route. He enthusiastically made plans for me, both to establish a party and to prepare for guerrilla warfare. Guo Rugui understood that he was really fighting guerrillas, and at that time it was a guerrilla Communist Party. He was absolutely not allowed to do it. However, before the uprising, it was very advantageous to use this cover to publicize the crimes of the Kuomintang, do anti-Chiang work, and use it to cover himself.
At this point, Guo Rugui finally fully controlled the 72nd Army, laying the foundation for his subsequent uprising!
(End of text)
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